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Audit Energi Dan Analisa Penghematan Energi Pada Pulp Machine 1 Dan 2 PT. Riau Andalan Pulp Dan Paper Samsu Rizal; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah; Hari Rionaldo; Sri Wahdini Rahmi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Energy auditing is one of the steps made in an effort to realize energy saving programs. The energy widely used in the pulp and paper industries is thermal energy (steam) and electrical energy. Pulp drying is one of the processes that many use such energy. The thermal energy used was of low to medium pressurized steam, which used to increase air temperature to dry pulp sheet. Research were conducted to identified energy usage and potency of energy saving in pulp machine especially in Pulp machine 1 and 2 area. The results of the study were found the influence of downtime to production cost. 30 minutes down time will increase production cost to $0.3545/ton pulp. Used of acacia as raw material will make pulp machine possible to run 1 screening system. It give benefit $ 2180.8 per day. Besides, the study also found four “steam trap” units and six “valve” units with “Passing" (leaking)” conditions that made “losses steam” of 467.8 Kg/hr or 1,467 tons of steam/year or about IDR 240.051,840 in a year. The inverse improvements/recovery of “steam trap” positions can save steam with a saving percentage of 0,34% of total steam costs per year and will return investment capital for four hours. Whereas the turnover on leaked “steam trap” units could save steam of 2,574 tons of steam/year with a savings percentage of 0.60% of total steam cost per year and would return investment capital for four months.Keyword: Electricity, Energy Audit, Pulp Dryer, Steam

Perancangan Algoritma Komputasi Heat Exchanger Network (HEN) Arini Puspita Ramadhanti; Zuchra Helwani; Hari Rionaldo
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Heat integration is a method used to increase energy efficiency in a circuit that process with utilizing the energy potential of other process units. The utilization of the energy potential ofother process units can be done with the installation of the Heat Exchanger Network (HEN) which aims to save usage utility either steam or cooling water, so that the production cost can beminimized. Design HEN need analysis, start from the analysis of the minimum energy efficient in a network that is calculate the Maximum Energy Recovery (MER) targets, design heat exchanger network system that is network design. In this research, the MER calculation using the temperature interval and network design using the pinch method. Goals at this research is to generate algorithm computation and tools computation for design HEN. Algorithm computation of MER calculation with temperature interval method consist of input, problem tablecomputation, cascade diagram computation and output. Algorithm computation of network design with pinch method consist of identification the flow on hot side and cold side, identification sream matching at hot side and cold side, calculation of heat (Q) of heat exchangers, analysis heat (Q) of heat exchanger, and analysis hot utility ( H Q ), cold utility, and(QC ) dan T . At MER calculation was obtained minimum hot utility ( hmin Q ), minimum cold utility ( cmin Q ), and pinch temperature ( pinch T ). Sythesis HEN was displayed in Grid Diagram. Design algorithm of computation was simulated by Java programming that is displayed by Graphical User Interface (GUI).Kata kunci : heat integration, Heat Exchanger Network (HEN), Maximum Energy Recovery (MER), network design, pemoraman Java.

Studi Kasus Audit Energi Dan Peluang Penghematan Energi Pada Plant Pulp Dryer 3 PT. Riau Andalan Pulp And Paper Wahyu Syahputra; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah; Hari Rionaldo; Sri Wahdini Rahmi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Energy auditing is one of the steps made in an effort to realize energy saving programs. The energy widely used in the pulp and paper industries is thermal energy (steam). Pulp drying is one of the processes that many use such energy. The thermal energy used was of low to moderate pressurized steam, which was supplied into a number of rotating dryer cylinders. Evaporation is done because water can no longer be removed from the fiber by gravity and vacuum in the forming of the unit and mechanically in the pressing of the unit. The results of the study were found two “steam trap” units with “inverted” installation positions and four “steam trap” units as well as six “valve” units with “Passing" (leaking)” conditions that made “losses steam” of 467.8 Kg/hr or 1,467 tons of steam/year or about IDR 240.051,840 in a year. The inverse improvements/recovery of “steam trap” positions can save steam with a saving percentage of 0,34% of total steam costs per year and will return investment capital for four hours. Whereas the turnover on leaked “steam trap” units could save steam of 2,574 tons of steam/year with a savings percentage of 0.60% of total steam cost per year and would return investment capital for four months.Keywords : Pulp Dryer, Energy Consumption, Energy Saving, Steam Trap, Losses Steam

Pengaruh Waktu Dan Konsentrasi Katalis Terhadap Kualitas Pulp Dari Batang Sawit Bebas Pati Pada Proses Organosolv Ahria Maulisa; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah; Hari Rionaldo
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Oil palm trunk is a solid agricultural waste that has not been optimally utilized. One of the uses of oil palm trunk is by relieve starch to be used as a raw material for making pulp. This experiment was intended to study the possibility of using starch-free oil palm trunk as the alternative raw material in the pulp industry. The experiment was carried out in batch on a laboratory scale. The catalyst (HCl) concentration were studied at 0%, 0,05%, 0,10%, 0,15% 0,20%-weight at different reaction times (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180) minutes using 85%-weight formic acid as the solvent, and liquid to solid ratio of 15:1. From the research that has been done, it was found that the best conditions for pulp cooking with the organosolv process, namely with a catalyst concentration of 0.2% with a reaction time of 60 minutes, producing pulp with 93.17% alpha cellulose content, 37.05% yield, while the lowest lignin content. obtained at a concentration of 0.1% with a reaction time of 60 minutes that is equal to 12%.Keywords: alpha cellulose, lignin, formic acid, orgnosolv, starch-free oil palm trunk

Optimasi Proses Produksi Biodiesel Dari Sawit Off Grade Menggunakan Katalis Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi Pada Tahap Transesterifikasi Heriza Saputri; Zuchra Helwani; Hari Rionaldo
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Oil-palm off grade is a source of vegetable oil that unmaximum utilization from the rest of the sorting in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) factory. The availability of oil-palm off grade is about 7-10% of a CPO factory with capacity of 30 tons per hour. This research aims to produce biodiesel from oil-palm off grade with two-stage reaction (esterification and transesterification) using activated natural zeolite catalysts in transesterification reaction. The other aims of this research is to study the influence of the reaction temperature (50, 60, 70°C), the molar ratio methanol : oil (6:1, 8:1, 10:1), and catalyst concentration (1, 3, 5%-wt) to yield of biodiesel and also to predict the optimum of proccess condition that give maximum yield. Natural zeolite is modificated by impregnation with 75% KOH solution and calcined at 450°C for 4 hours. The highest yield of biodiesel is 92,04% at the reaction temperature of 60°C, the molar ratio of methanol : oil 8:1, and 3%-wt catalyst concentration.Keywords : oil-palm off grade, biodiesel, natural zeolite modificated, response surface methodology, transesterification

Esterifikasi Gliserol Dari Produk Samping Biodiesel Menjadi Triasetin Menggunakan Katalis Zeolit Alam Nirmala Sari; Zuchra Helwani; Hari Rionaldo
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production from transesterification reaction generated 10% volume product. The increase of biodiesel production is followed by the increase of the glycerol as by product. Glycerol when esterified with acetic acid formed Triacetin. Triacetin has many uses for food, non-food and additives in biofuel feedstock that is renewable and environmentally friendly. In this study will be make Triacetin from reaction esterification of crude glycerol purified with acetic acid glacial and using natural zeolite catalyst has been activated. Making triacetin performed with a three-neck flask equipped with a condenser, heating mantle, thermometer and magnetic stirred at 100 ° C, 100 mesh size catalyst and reaction time for 4 hours. Process of qualitative analysis using FT-IR instrument has detected the exixtence of Triacetin product. The variables are varied ratio reactant of glycerol and acetic acid, and the concentration catalyst. The highest conversion obtained for 90.02% in reactan ratio mol glycerol and acetic acid 1: 7, catalyst concentration of 3% to weight of acetic acid. Comparison of reagents give real effect to the conversion of glycerol into Triacetin, while the catalyst concentration does not give a significant effect on glycerol conversion be Triacetin.Keywords: acetic acid, esterification, glycerol, Triacetin

Performa Kompor Gasifikasi Champion Stove Retna Julita; David Andrio; Hari Rionaldo; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Energy requirements for household cooking needs still depend on LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas). However, the lack of LPG supply and poor distribution are still obstacles in the community. Biomass waste is one of the alternative fuels for society so that cooking energy needs can be met. The objective of research is to study the effect of type of biomass and biomass size on the performance of gasification stoves by using a water boiling test (WBT) analysis. The experiments were carried out in batches with two WBT phases, namely cold start and hot start. The first stage was a cold start, where the tester uses a stove at room temperature an a number of fuels to boil 2.5 liters of water in a standard pan. The second stage was called the hot start test, where water is boiled with a hot stove with the aim of identifying the difference in the stove’s power when it’s cold and when it’s hot. In addition, the flame temperature and stove operating time are the performance parameters of the stove champion gasification stove. Water content for each biomass used is between 10-13%. The resulting flame color is reddish yellow with a fire height of 30-72 cm. The maximum flame temperature produced by the stove is 806,3 oC using mahogany wood. Key words: biomass gasification, gasification stove, water boiling test (WBT).

Hidrolisis Hemiselulosa Batang jagung Dengan Proses Organosolv menggunakan Pelarut Asam Formiat Desi Ivo Andri Ari; Zuchra Helwani; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah; Hari Rionaldo
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Corn stalk is solid waste of agricultural which is not optimally utilized. Corn stalk used for pulp and paper raw materials and also used for feeding animal. The aim of hemicellulose hydrolysis from corn stalk is to study the possibility of utilization corn stalks as raw material for chemical industry, to know the behaviour and to obtain the kinetics pattern of hemicellulose hydrolysis from corn stalk in organosolv process. The experimental of hemicellulose hydrolysis from corn stalk is carried out in a batch at laboratory scale. Experimental variables are, concentration of formic acid (70; 80; 90% wt), the reaction time (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90,105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180 minutes) and ratio of liquid-solid is 10:1, with catalyst hydrochloric acid 0.2% wt. The experimental result shows that the hydrolysis of hemicellulose from corn stalk in organosolv process produce xylose and furfural which can be used as raw material in industry. Diluted xylose and furfural in black liquor in this experiment are xylose (0.88-3,78 gr/liter) and furfural (1.7-3.69 gr) with percentage of hemicellulose recovery range from 37-82%. The behaviour of hemicellulose hydrolysis from corn stalk in media formic acid show two series processes that have a different rate. Experimental conformity data exceeded 95% (R-square 95%) with the model hydrolysis of hemicellulose that proposed by Parajo et al [1993]. Key words: formic acid, hydrolysis of hemicellulose, corn stalk, organosolv

Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Bahan Baku Pembuatan Pulp terhadap Kualitas Dan Rendemen Pulp Kraft Erwan Handoko; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah; Hari Rionaldo; Dimas DP Nugroho
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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The increasing demand of pulp in the world requires sufficient availability of raw materials. To fulfill the raw material supply, it can be established through development of industrial plantations (HTI). Acacia sp and Eucalyptus sp are the types of wood that are prioritized for development in industrial plantations because these species are fast growing species, high timber production, and do not require high living requirements. The study was conducted on a mixture of Acacia crassicarpa and Eucalyptus raw materials with the compositions are 75% Acacia crassicarpa : 25% Eucalyptus (AC:EH-75:25), 50% Acacia crassicarpa : 50% Eucalyptus (AC:EH-50:50)and 25% Acacia crassicarpa :75% Eucalyptus (AC:EH-25:75). Pulping is done by means of a kraft process. The best cooking conditions with kappa number target 17 ± 1 were obtained in the variety of raw materials for 25% Acacia crassicarpa and 75% Eucalyptus (AC:EH-25:75) with active alkali concentration 18%, temperature 165 oC, ratio 1: 4 and H factor 800 with screen pulp yield 50,52%, brightness 36,96% ISO, viscosity 1045 mL/g, and productivity 248,6 kg/m3 where in this variation the composition of the wood used contains more Eucalyptus than Acacia crassicarpa. Eucalyptus wood has a higher density resulting in a higher productivity. Keywords : active alkali, h factor, brightness, viscosity, density

Analisis Kualitas Sifat Fisik Kertas Dengan Penambahan Kalsium Silikat Pada Kertas Mengandung Filler PCC & GCC Gabriella Carissa Putihardjo; Zulfansyah Zulfansyah; Hari Rionaldo; Janso Hasudungan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Filler is one of paper component inside paper made in paper industry and nominated as number two biggest component in paper. In order to reduce over basis weight problem in one of paper industry, a research about filler modification using calcium silicate is held. The purpose of the research is to observe the effect of calcium silicate addition and it’s optimum dosage in paper making process. Lab trial showing that adding the calcium silicate on 70 gsm copy and offset paper making process show that even with filler content increment, calcium silicate help to maintain paper grammage and thickness. Where for the copy paper paper thickness at filler 23% without calcium cilicate addition is 123 mm and with addition of calcium cilicate 1% dan 2% dosage, paper thickness become 129 mm. For offset paper paper thickness at filler 23% without calcium cilicate addition is 123 mm and with addition of calcium cilicate 1% dan 2% dosage, paper thickness become 124 mm.Keywords: Paper Making, Filler, PCC, GCC, Calcium Silicate, Paper Thickness.

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