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All Journal Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Maryam Arsalanfar
Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Hafez Ave, Tehran
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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An Investigation on Polymerization of Ethylene by Ziegler-Natta Catalyst in the Presence of a Promoter: Polymerization Behavior and Polymer Microstructure Yaghoob Gholami; Majid Abdouss; Sadegh Abedi; Farhad Azadi; Pezhman Baniani; Maryam Arsalanfar
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 3 Year 2018 (December 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (14.787 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.3.1574.412-419

Abstract

The effect of a halocarbon (ethyl chloride) as a promoter on a Ziegler-Natta catalyst composed of‌ T‌iCl4 (catalyst), AlEt3 (activator) and Mg(OEt)2 (support) in the polymerization of ethylene have been investigated. In addition, the impact of this compound on the structural and thermal properties of the produced polyethylene has been studied. The catalyst activity and polymerization rate increased almost up to twice when a suitable molar ratio of ethyl chloride to triethylaluminum (TEA) was used. There was no change in the type of the profile of the polymerization rate during the polymerization time. A reduction in the polymer molecular weight was observed in the presence of the promoter and hydrogen. In addition, the MWD curve shifted toward lower values in the presence of ethyl chloride. Furthermore, a numerical method was used to obtain the most probable chain-length distribution, number   average molecular weight and weight fraction corresponding to each site type in the presence and absence of the promoter. Since, the catalyst had an irregular shape, the produced polymer also showed a similar morphology. In addition, the promoter used in the polymerization did not have any effect on the produced polymer morphology. The DSC results indicated that the presence of the promoter in the polymerization led to a decrease in the melting point of the produced polymer; whereas, there were no remarkable changes in the crystallization temperature of the polymers.
Effect of Drying Conditions on the Catalytic Performance, Structure, and Reaction Rates over the Fe-Co-Mn/MgO Catalyst for Production of Light Olefins Majid Abdouss; Maryam Arsalanfar; Nima Mirzaei; Yahya Zamani
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 1 Year 2018 (April 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1564.935 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1222.97-112

Abstract

The MgO-supported Fe-Co-Mn catalysts, prepared using co-precipitation procedure, were tested for production of light olefins via CO hydrogenation reaction. The effect of a range of drying conditions including drying temperature and drying time on the structure and catalytic performance of Fe-Co-Mn/MgO catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was investigated in a fixed bed micro-reactor under the same operational conditions of T = 350 °C, P = 1 bar, H2/CO = 2/1, and GHSV = 4500 h-1. It was found that the catalyst dried at 120 °C for 16 h has shown the best catalytic performance for CO hydrogenation. Furthermore, the effect of drying conditions on different surface reaction rates was also investigated and it was found that the precursors drying conditions influenced the rates of different surface reactions. Characterization of catalyst precursors and calcined samples (fresh and used) was carried out using powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements, Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Characterization results showed that different investigated variables (drying conditions) influenced the structure, morphology and catalytic performance of the ternary catalysts. 
Effect of Drying Conditions on the Catalytic Performance, Structure, and Reaction Rates over the Fe-Co-Mn/MgO Catalyst for Production of Light Olefins Majid Abdouss; Maryam Arsalanfar; Nima Mirzaei; Yahya Zamani
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 1 Year 2018 (April 2018)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1222.97-112

Abstract

The MgO-supported Fe-Co-Mn catalysts, prepared using co-precipitation procedure, were tested for production of light olefins via CO hydrogenation reaction. The effect of a range of drying conditions including drying temperature and drying time on the structure and catalytic performance of Fe-Co-Mn/MgO catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was investigated in a fixed bed micro-reactor under the same operational conditions of T = 350 °C, P = 1 bar, H2/CO = 2/1, and GHSV = 4500 h-1. It was found that the catalyst dried at 120 °C for 16 h has shown the best catalytic performance for CO hydrogenation. Furthermore, the effect of drying conditions on different surface reaction rates was also investigated and it was found that the precursors drying conditions influenced the rates of different surface reactions. Characterization of catalyst precursors and calcined samples (fresh and used) was carried out using powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements, Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Characterization results showed that different investigated variables (drying conditions) influenced the structure, morphology and catalytic performance of the ternary catalysts. 
An Investigation on Polymerization of Ethylene by Ziegler-Natta Catalyst in the Presence of a Promoter: Polymerization Behavior and Polymer Microstructure Yaghoob Gholami; Majid Abdouss; Sadegh Abedi; Farhad Azadi; Pezhman Baniani; Maryam Arsalanfar
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 3 Year 2018 (December 2018)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.3.1574.412-419

Abstract

The effect of a halocarbon (ethyl chloride) as a promoter on a Ziegler-Natta catalyst composed of‌ T‌iCl4 (catalyst), AlEt3 (activator) and Mg(OEt)2 (support) in the polymerization of ethylene have been investigated. In addition, the impact of this compound on the structural and thermal properties of the produced polyethylene has been studied. The catalyst activity and polymerization rate increased almost up to twice when a suitable molar ratio of ethyl chloride to triethylaluminum (TEA) was used. There was no change in the type of the profile of the polymerization rate during the polymerization time. A reduction in the polymer molecular weight was observed in the presence of the promoter and hydrogen. In addition, the MWD curve shifted toward lower values in the presence of ethyl chloride. Furthermore, a numerical method was used to obtain the most probable chain-length distribution, number   average molecular weight and weight fraction corresponding to each site type in the presence and absence of the promoter. Since, the catalyst had an irregular shape, the produced polymer also showed a similar morphology. In addition, the promoter used in the polymerization did not have any effect on the produced polymer morphology. The DSC results indicated that the presence of the promoter in the polymerization led to a decrease in the melting point of the produced polymer; whereas, there were no remarkable changes in the crystallization temperature of the polymers.
Co-Authors Farhad Azadi Majid Abdouss Nima Mirzaei Pezhman Baniani Sadegh Abedi Yaghoob Gholami Yahya Zamani