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All Journal Medical Journal of Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi
Ika Ningsih
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Education Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Patterns of bacterial resistance against Ceftriaxone from 2002 to 2005 in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia Rosana, Yeva; Kiranasari, Ariyani; Ningsih, Ika; Tjampakasari, Conny; Kadarsih, Retno; Wahid, Mardiastuti H.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2007): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (112.758 KB) | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i1.248

Abstract

The spread of drug resistant microbes is a global public health challenge which impairs the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and causes substantial increase in morbidity and mortality rates, including healthcare-associated costs. Monitoring of antimicrobial drug resistance from documented microbial epidemiology & resistance rate is useful in preventing the emergence of resistance. This study reports on the pattern of bacterial resistance against ceftriaxone in the past 4 years. The data were obtained from specimens examined in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia from 2002 to 2005. Microbial species were determined from culture and identification tests. Disc diffusion method was used for sensitivity testing of ceftriaxone to 14 Gram-negative and 7 Gram-positive bacteria. Although resistance rates were increased from 2002 to 2005, resistance rates of ceftriaxone were found to be less than 50%. Low resistance rates (< 3%) were observed for Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. These results could be useful in developing guidelines on the use of ceftriaxone in Indonesia. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:3-6) Keywords: Microbial drug resistance, disc diffusion method, Gram-positive, Gram-negative
Optimizing real-time PCR method to detect Leptospira spp. in human blood and urine specimens Karuniawati, Anis; Yasmon, Andi; Ningsih, Ika
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2012): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (925.644 KB) | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v21i1.472

Abstract

Background: Leptospirosis is an acute infectious disease in humans caused by Leptospira spp. and classified as a zoonosis. Clinical symptoms of leptospirosis are nonspecific and the current available laboratory method for detecting Leptospira spp. is difficult, which resulted to the misdiagnosis of this disease. Therefore, the rapid and accurate method is needed to diagnose the disease. This study was aimed to optimize molecular diagnostic test using real-time PCR assay as a rapid, sensitive and specific method for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in humans.Methods: Bacterial DNA was extracted by DNA extraction kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Primers and probes used in this study was based on previous and published research. The assay is performed using PCR-IQTM5, iCycler Multicolor real-time PCR detection system. Specificity of the primer used was evaluated towards some bacterial pathogens.Results: Limit detection of the DNA was 0.375 fg/ml and the primers used does not cross-react with the genomes of the pathogens tested. Limit detection of DNA in blood is 150 fg/μl, and in urine is 1470 fg/μl.Conclusion: Real-time PCR test is a rapid and accurate method for detecting pathogenic Leptospira spp. in human specimens. Further research is needed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR tests compared with other diagnostic methods in clinical settings. (Med J Indones 2012;21:13-7)Keywords: Leptospirosis, Leptospira, optimization, real-time PCR
Resistance patterns of microbes isolated from gastrointestinal tract Wahid, Mardiastuti H.; Ningsih, Ika; Adib, Azmier
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2011): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (37.388 KB) | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v20i2.437

Abstract

Background: Digestive tract infection with clinical manifestation of diarrhea is an infectious disease that has the highest morbidity and mortality rate, especially in developing countries. Diarrhea causes mortality mostly in infants under one year old. Improvement in management is done continuously, but advances in diagnosis and therapy cannot be reached by developing countries. One of the etiological agents causing infection of digestive tract is bacteria. Therefore, knowledge of bacteria that cause gastrointestinal infection and their resistance patterns may support the management of this disease. The aim of this study was to examine microbes that were isolated from the digestive tract and their resistance patterns against antibiotics.Methods: Samples (stool, rectal/anal swab) were collected from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, FKUI during 2005-2008. Isolation, identifi cation and sensitivity test were conducted according to standard laboratory procedures. Interpretation of sensitivity test was done according to NCCLS/CLSI guidance. Data was analyzed using WHOnet version 5.3.Results: We found 28 isolates of pathogenic Escherichia coli, 1 isolate of S. paratyphi A and 4 isolates of yeasts. Pathogenic Escherichia coli were still sensitive against some antibiotics, but the sensitivity was reduced against amoxicillin, sulbenicillin, ticarcillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.Conclusion: The most predominant gastrointestinal tract infection causing microbes was pathogenic Escherichia coli. These bacteria showed decrease sensitivity against some antibiotics commonly used to treat patients with gastrointestinal tract infection. (Med J Indones 2011; 20:105-8)Keywords: antibiotics, Escherichia coli, gastrointestinal infection
Feasibility study of tapioca production from dried cassava on small and medium industries Wijana, Susinggih; Nurika, Irnia; Ningsih, ika
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 12, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (323.02 KB)

Abstract

The aim of this research was to find out the technical and financial feasibility ofproduced tapioca flour from cassava dried. The methods used  in this research aredescriptive and experimental. Analysis was done on the product quality, consumeracceptance test by hedonic scale (using expert panelist), and  best treatment by indexeffectivity method,  and different test between the best treatment and commercialproduct, also analysis of financial exhibit production cost and Break Event Point. Resultindicated that the best treatment  was the processing  tapioca by replacement soakingwater with value product  1,000 and average value 5,5 (like). Best product result ofassessment of consumer was included in the quality of A (middle) with tapioca flourcharacteristic was: yield 38%, water content 7,69%, starch content 76,21%, sulphiteresidual 14 ppm, ash content 0,95%, and white degree to MgSO4 was 77,49%. At theproduction capacity planned of 2,895 ton/9 months needed total cost of Rp.567.063.000,00, and at price sell of Rp. 2.749,00 /kg, yielded total of profite Rp.113.376.353,00. The value of Break Event Point (BEP)  at  volume was 18.203,88 /kg or price was  Rp. 50.042.476,00.Key word: feasibility, tapioca, dried cassava
PERKAWINAN MUNIK (KAWIN LARI) PADA SUKU GAYO DI KECAMATAN ATU LNTANG KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH Ika Ningsih; Zulihar Mukmin; Erna Hayati
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol 1, No 1 (2016): Agustus 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.992 KB)

Abstract

Perkawinan Munik (kawin lari) adalah upaya seorang gadis yang ingin menikah kerena tidak direstui ataupun lamaran laki-laki yang ditolak, dengan cara mendatangi imam Kampung, namun saat ini perkawinan Munik (kawin lari) sudah bergeser, salah satunya telah melanggar nilai agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah Perkawinan Munik (kawin lari) pada suku Gayo di Kecamatan Atu lintang Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriftif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi, dengan analisis data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 8 orang yaitu, yang mengerti dan pernah terlibat langsung dalam Perkawinan Munik (kawin lari). Hasil observasi dan wawancara dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pernah terjadi perkawinan munik (kawin lari) namun telah berubah, yaitu terdapat kasus munik (kawin lari) karena melanggar nilai agama, perkawinan munik (kawin lari) pada dasarnya untuk kedua orang yang telah sama-sama ingin menikah namun terhalang restu orangtua, namun pada saat ini perkawinan Munik (kawin lari) yang terjadi bukan lagi karena tidak mendapatkan restu, tetapi karena telah melakukan pelanggaran nilai agama, walaupun masih terdapat beberapa kasus yang dikarenakan tidak mendapatkan restu, faktor yang mempengaruhi hal tersebut adalah mulai hilangnya Norma adat yang disebut Sumang (melanggar nilai agama dan norma adat), lemahnya kontrol orang tua terhadap anak, pergaulan anak itu sendiri, kemajuan teknologi, dan salah menggunakan fasilitas yang telah diberikan oleh orang tua, seperti sepeda motor dan telepon genggam. Kemudian yang berubah pada perkawinan Munik (kawin lari) saat ini yaitu, tidak berlakunya lagi hukuman Adat terhadap pasangan muda-mudi yang melakukan perkawinan Munik (kawin lari) baik dari hukum Adat maupun hukuman dari kampung, adapun hukuman dari kampung belum terlaksana. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah diharapakan perkawinan Munik (kawin lari) dapat kembali seperti semula, dan hukum adat dapat diberlakukan kembali, dan kepada aparatur kampung dapat lebih tegas dan bertanggung jawab terhadap tugasnya.Kata kunci: Kawin Lari (Munik), Suku Gayo
Permasalahan dan Pemeriksaan Actinobacillus Ika Ningsih; Edy Wiranto
EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi, dan Mikrobiologi Vol 7 No 2 (2022): Ekotonia: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, University of Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (230.348 KB) | DOI: 10.33019/ekotonia.v7i2.3727

Abstract

Actinobacillus termasuk bakteri oportunistik dan merupakan flora komensal dalam tubuh inang. Pada kondisi normal tidak menyebabkan penyakit dan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri ini terutama dipicu oleh invasi bakteri komensal inang atau bakteri dari lingkungan masuk ke jaringan tubuh inang. Sebagian besar spesies Actinobacillus ditemukan secara khas sebagai komensal pada saluran pernapasan, pencernaan dan genital dari beberapa spesies hewan maupun manusia. Bakteri ini bersifat bakteri Gram negatif yang berbentuk basil, tidak bergerak, tidak membentuk endospora, bersifat anaerobik fakultatif atau mikroaerofilik serta mampu memfermentasikan karbohidrat, mereduksi citrat, urease positif. Sebagian besar spesies Actinobacillus tumbuh lambat pada media perbenihan agar darah dan agar coklat. Oleh karena prevalensi dan virulensinya tidak setinggi bakteri oportunistik lainnya mengakibatkan jarang ditemukan kasus infeksi Actinobacillus dan kasusnya pada manusia tidak banyak dilaporkan. Oleh karena itu pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk menunjang diagnosis pasti infeksi oleh Actinobacillus sangat diperlukan. Pemeriksaan mikrobiologi antara lain dilakukan dengan uji mikroskopik, biakan, identifikasi biokimia, kepekaan terhadap antibiotik, uji molekuler seperti PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) dan hibridisasi DNA.
Co-Authors Andi Yasmon Anis Karuniawati Ariyani Kiranasari Azmier Adib Conny Tjampakasari Edy Wiranto Erna Hayati Irnia Nurika Mardiastuti H. Wahid Retno Kadarsih Susinggih Wijana Yeva Rosana Zulihar Mukmin