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All Journal Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal)
Shaimaa Sayed Mohamed El-Sayed
Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Luxor University, Egypt
Religion Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences

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An Applied Study for the Restoration and Conservation of a Museum-Stored Colored Stone Coffin lid from the Late Period Shaimaa Sayed Mohamed El-Sayed
Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Vol 3 No 1 (2021): Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences, February
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/biohs.v3i1.368

Abstract

The colored stone coffin lids are exposed to many different deterioration factors, whether in the burial or exposure environment. In the burial environment, these colored coffin lids are subjected to the pressure of soil sediments, which leads to their being crushed into parts, especially since the case study is made of limestone. In the soil, caused by the presence of ground water, which leads to the crystallization of salts and the growth of microorganisms. Also, false excavation of these colored stone coffins lids and their transfer from equilibrium in the burial environment to the exposure environment leads to exposing to other pressures and may lead to irreversible damage and loss of color, as the temperature difference in the exposure environment and burial environment will lead to fissures and cracks as well. Crystallization of salts in the case of high temperature, as well as the difference in relative humidity levels, will lead to the dissolution of the color-bonding material and the dissolution of the air pollution gases, which leads to the formation of acids that interact with the material of these stone coffins lids to form water-soluble compounds, which leads in the end to the loss and deterioration of them. The selected object of study is a colored stone coffin lid no. 1939, broken into several parts of limestone (about 13 parts), dated to the Late Period and saved in Atifyah museum store – Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities- Giza – Egypt, samples were taken from limestone, red and black pigments and examined by optical microscope, polarizing microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) also analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The restoration processes are summarized in cleaning, consolidation, assembling and loss- compensation for the selected colored stone coffin lid.
Desert Environment Effect on the Deterioration of Ancient Building Materials in Archaeological Buildings (El- Bagawat Tombs, El - Kharga Oasis as an Example) Shaimaa Sayed Mohamed El-Sayed; Rabea Radi Abdel Kader; Ahmed Abo-El Yamin
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 2 No 2 (2020): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v2i2.223

Abstract

Environmental changes have severe effect on the deterioration of archaeological buildings, desert environment distinguishes with the climatic changes daily and seasonally , which affect badly on the ancient building materials, air temperature variation, relative humidity and wind are the main factors that cause the materials degradation. This research aims to shed the light on desert environment's effect on ancient building materials at El - Bagawat tombs in El- Kharga oasis – Egypt, these tombs, return to early Coptic era, building materials samples were taken mainly mud bricks and mortars , examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) , EDAX unit attached to SEM and polarizing microscope to study the desert's effect , environmental measures were mentioned also like air temperature degrees , relative humidity percentages and wind's direction and speed. El-Kharga oasis is characterized by climate changes throughout the year, these changes reflect on the degradation of building materials in El-Bagawat tombs like mud bricks and mortars.
Co-Authors Ahmed Abo-El Yamin Rabea Radi Abdel Kader