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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
Syahrir Pakki
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Environmental Science

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VARIATION IN RICE TUNGRO VIRUS TRANSMISSION ABILITY BY GREEN LEAFHOPPER, Nephotettix virescens DISTANT (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE) ON RICE RESISTANT VARIETIES Widiarta, I Nyoman; Bastian, Adolf; Pakki, Syahrir
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 2 (2014): October 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Green leafhopper (GLH), Nephotettix virescens, is the most efficient vector of rice tungro virus disease. The disease is endemic in some provinces of Indonesia and commonly con-trolled using resistant varieties. Resistance of rice varieties to tungro could be classified into resistance to a virus and a vector. The history of GLH resistant varieties adoption affected the GLH adaptation in an area. The study was conducted in the period of 2009-2011 to evaluate the resistance status of five GLH resistant rice variety groups (T0-T4) using survival and transmission test. The GLH populations were collected from 15 tungro endemic provinces in Indonesia. The GLH was then reared in the greenhouse before used for the test. The degree of resistance to tungro viruses was calculated by adding the value of survival (weight x score of survival rate) and virus transmission rate (weight x score of transmission rate). The weights for survival and transmission rate were set to 40 and 60, respectively. The results showed that the rank of resistant variety groups in decreasing order of resistance were T4, T1, T2 and T3. Five variations in GLH transmission efficiency were identified, i.e. 170, 070, 050, 030 and 010. GLH populations from Bali and West Nusa Tenggara were the most efficient vector for rice tungro virus. We concluded that there were diversities in the degree of resistance among GLH resistant varieties. Variation in virus transmission efficiency (biotype) among GLH populations collected from various tungro endemic areas closely related to the history of adoption of rice varieties.
Cemaran Mikotoksin, Bioekologi Patogen Fusarium veriticillioides dan Upaya Pengendaliannya pada Jagung Pakki, Syahrir
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 35, No 1 (2016): Maret 2016
Publisher : Pusat Perpustakaan dan Penyebaran Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v35n1.2016.p11-16

Abstract

Fusarium sp. merupakan salah satu patogen penting pada tanaman jagung di Indonesia, yang menginfeksi batang, tongkol, dan biji jagung di lapangan maupun pada tempat penyimpanan. Cemaran F. verticillioides perlu diwaspadai karena patogen tersebut menghasilkan toksin fumonisin (FB1, FB2, dan FB3). Fusarium sp. terdiri atas enam spesies, dan spesies yang dominan menginfeksi jagung ialah F. verticillioides. Infeksi patogen tersebut pada biji jagung dapat menimbulkan gejala maupun tanpa gejala (symptomless). Pengendalian hayati pada tanaman di lapangan dengan Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. mojavensis, dan bahan kimia berbahan aktif asam amonia dan propionat efektif menekan infeksi F. verti
Penampilan Penyakit Bulai yang disebabkan spesies Peronosclerospora philippinensis pada Kombinasi Perlakuan Varietas dan Fungisida Bahan aktif Metalaksil Pakki, Syahrir; Aminah, Aminah; Saenong, Sujak; Muis, Amran
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 3, No 2 (2019): Agustus 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (609.222 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v3n2.2019.p91-99

Abstract

Maize Downy Mildew caused by pathogenic fungus of Peronosclerospora philippinensis is an important disease in centers of maize crops outside Java Island. Research on “The Appearance of  Maize  Downy Mildew Caused by Pathogenic Peronosclerospora philippinensis in Combination Treatment of Resistant Varieties and Metalaxyl Fungicide ” aimed to determine the effectiveness of a combination of fungicide treatment of active ingredients of metalaxyl with varieties that have resistance to Maize Downy Mildew which was caused by P.philippinensis species. This research was conducted at KP Bajeng (endemic area of  Maize Downy Mildew of P. Philippinensis species), which was compiled in Separate Plot Design with 3 replications. The main plot contained 5 varieties of maize, namely: (1) Bima-3 Bantimurung, (2) Bima-20 URI, (3) Lagaligo, (4) Bima-15 Sayang, and (5) Anoman. On the other hand, the sub plot contained 5 levels of seeds treatment dose with Metalaxyl Fungicide Active Ingredient (0 g/kg, 2 g/kg, 3 g/kg, 5 g/kg, and 7 g/kg of maize seed). The results showed that the combination of resistant and susceptible varieties with Metalaxyl Active Ingredient at doses of 2g, 3g, 5g and 7g/kg of maize seed controlled the Maize Downy Mildew which was caused by the Peronosclerospora philippinensis species effectively. It was shown by the low reaction of Maize Downy Mildew infection, at the percentage of 0% -1,86%, respectively. Under the circumstances of susceptible varieties without Metalaxyl Active Ingredient treatment, the intensity of Maize Downy Mildew reached the percentage of 100%. The lower intensity was also followed by the production, cob length and weight of 1000 seeds that were higher than those of control treatment.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Teknik Molekuler Berbasis DNA dalam Penelitian Penyakit Bulai pada Jagung Kalqutny, Septian Hary; Pakki, Syahrir; Muis, Amran
AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 4 No 1 (2020): AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/agrosainstek.v4i1.107

Abstract

Penyakit bulai merupakan salah satu penyakit utama yang menyerang tanaman jagung yang dapat menurunkan produksi jagung di Indonesia. Penyakit bulai pada jagung disebabkan oleh Peronosclerospora spp. yang bersifat parasit obligat sehingga tidak dapat ditumbuhkan di media kutur sintetik. Upaya pengendalian penyakit dengan penggunaan varietas jagung yang tahan penyakit bulai dan penggunaan fungisida seringkali tidak memberikan hasil yang diharapkan, karena patogen penyebab penyakit bulai yang beragam jenisnya sehingga memberikan respon yang berbeda pula. Identifikasi dan pemahaman tentang biodiversitas patogen penyebab penyakit bulai sangat penting dalam upaya pengendalian penyakit bulai. Identifikasi spesies secara morfologis terkadang sulit dilakukan karena karakter pembeda yang terbatas dan mirip. Metode biologi molekuler saat ini mulai secara luas digunakan, karena dapat memberikan informasi keragaman dari suatu organisme secara genetik secara cepat dan akurat. Oleh karena itu metode biologi molekuler dapat digunakan untuk mendukung hasil pengamatan secara morfologis. Penggunaan marka molekuler seperti RAPD, RFLP, AFLP dan SSR serta sekuensing region DNA tertentu (rDNA, region ITS rDNA dan mtDNA) secara langsung dapat menggambarkan keanekaragaman patogen penyakit bulai. Di Indonesia terdapat tiga spesies utama penyebab bulai yaitu P. philippinensis, P. maydis dan P. sorghi. Kedepan penggunaan teknik-teknik biologi molekuler baru dapat memberikan informasi yang lebih banyak, cepat, dan akurat akan dapat membuka lebih banyak kemungkinan bagi upaya pengendalian penyakit ini.
THE EFFECTIVENESS COMBINATION OF RESISTANT VARIETIES AND METALAXIL FUNGICIDE IN CONTROLLING DOWNY MILDEW DISEASE (PERONOSCLEROSPORA MAYDIS) IN MAIZE PLANT Pakki, Syahrir; Djaenuddin, Nurasiah
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 19, No 1 (2019): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.728 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11942-51

Abstract

Downy mildew caused by Peronosclerospora maydis is an important disease in the centers of corn cultivation in Java. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a combination of metalaxyl fungicide and varieties that have a high sustainability of downy mildew caused by P. maydis. The study was conducted in Kediri, East Java, which is an endemic area of downy mildew caused by P. maydis. The Split Plot Design with 3 replications was used in this study. The main plots were 5 corn varieties (1) Bima-3 Bantimurung, (2) Bima-20 URI, (3) Lagaligo, (4) Bima-15 Sayang, and (5) Anoman as a susceptible check. The subplots were 5 levels of seed treatment dose with metalaxyl fungicide (0 g/kg, 2 g/kg, 3 g/kg, 5 g/kg, and 7 g/kg seeds). The combination of resistant varieties with metalaxyl at a dose level of 5 g and 7 g/kg of corn seeds was effective in controlling downy mildew caused by P. maydis. In Bima-3 varieties Bantimurung and Lagaligo showed low infection reactions of 7.7-8.1%, and 10.4?11.2% respectively. In a combination of treatment conditions of susceptible varieties (Anoman) with 2, 3, 5 and 7 g/kg seeds, disease incidence reach 100% or most of the plants die. The lower incidence was also followed by yield, ear length and weight of a 1000 seeds that higher than other treatments. The combination of the use of susceptible variety with 2 g to 7 g/kg of metallaxyl doses was not effective in controlling downy mildew caused by P. maydis.
Durabilitas Resistensi Varietas Unggul Jagung Terhadap Penyakit Bulai dari Spesies Peronosclerospora Maydis Pakki, Syahrir
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v1n1.2017.p37-44

Abstract

The research of the durability of maize high-yielding variety resistance towards downy meldew from the Peronosclerospora maydis species aims to discover the durability of maize high-yielding variety resistance towards Downy mildew P. maydis. This research was conducted in Kediri, East Java particularly in downy mildew endemic area, from pathogen which causes P. maydis. There are 10 new high-yielding varieties that were tested. The experiment was compiled in group plan with 3 rehearsals. Every patch size are 5 x 4, the plant space is 75 x 20 cm, the population each patch is 90 plants. At the age of 10 days after the cultivation, the plants were supplied with mixed basic fertilizer from urea, ZA, SP-36, and KCI in which their amount are 100 kg, 100 kg, and 100 kg/ha. At the second and third fertilization on the 30th and 45th days after the cultivation, the plants were supplied 100 kg urea/ha each fertilization period. The result show that the variety of Bima 5, HJ 21 Agritan, Bima-14 Batara dan Bisi 19 URI which previously had a high characteristic of resistance towards downy mildew performed low resistance durability or turned to be vulnerable with downy meldew infection approximately 62 % - 77,25 %. In contrast, the variety of Bima-3 Bantimurung, Bima -20 URI, Bima 15 Sayang and Lagaligo composite maize indicated higer resistence durability with downy mildew infection approximately 13,59 % - 20,39 % in vulnerability comparison (Anoman) reached 100%. The systemic influence of the characteristic of resistance durability also appeared on the production variable and weight of 1000 seeds. 
Co-Authors Adolf Bastian Aminah, Aminah Amran Muis I Nyoman Widiarta Kalqutny, Septian Hary Muis, Amran Nurasiah Djaenuddin, Nurasiah Saenong, Sujak