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Achmad Surjono

Department of Child Health, Universitas Gadjah Mada Medical School/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Central Java

Author-ID : 3473627

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Published : 6 Documents Claim Missing Document

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Articles

Effect of Cloxacillin on Bilirubin-albumin Binding Achmad Surjono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 33 No 1-2 (1993): January - February 1993
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Cloxacillin is usually given to newborn infants with sepsis in particular for penicillinase-producing staphylococcus aureus. The effect of cloxacillin on bilirubin-albumin binding was investigated in vitro using the peroxidase oxidation method with human albumin (bilirubin 0.255 mM, albumin 0.45 mM, billalb 0.56, pH 7.4, temperature 3 0Â°C). Sulfisoxazole, a drug which is capable of displacing bilirubin from albumin was used as control. The displacement constant of cloxacillin was 4.86 x 1o5 Nr1, stronger than that of sulfisoxazole (1. 72 x 104 M-1). Both drugs were capable of displacing bilirubin as determined by their maximal displacement factors of 2.21 and 2.29, respectively. Since cloxacillin apparently increases the risk of bilirubin encephalopathy the use of this drug in jaundiced newborns with sepsis, especially in the premature infants, should be reconsidered.

Mid-arm and Chest Circumferences for Estimating Low Birthweight Achmad Surjono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 33 No 1-2 (1993): January - February 1993
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic performance of mid-arm and chest circumferences on low birth weights in 1033 singleton newborn infants. The proportion of low birth weight was 11.7%. Strong correlations on birth weight (P<0.001) were found for mid-arm (r-0.85) and chest (r=0.86) circumferences. A mid-arm circumference of â‰¤9,5 cm was considered as cut-off level for low birth weight, with a sensitivity of 0.818, specificity 0.956 and positive predictive value 0. 712. Whereas that of chest circumference wa â‰¤29.5 cm with a sensitivity of 0. 785, specificity 0.895 and positive predictive value 0.497. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare their diagnostic accuracy. The area under these two ROC(Â± SE) were 0.954 Â± 0.011 for mid-arm and 0.945 Â± 0.012 for chest circumferences, respectively. Both areas showed significant differences with the area under chance line. No statistically significant difference was found between the area under ROC of mid-arm and chest circumferences. The results showed that mid-arm and chest circumferences as simple and reliable measurements can be used in estimating low birth weight, in areas where the accurate weighing of newborn infants is not feasible.

Neonatal Mortality in Yogyakarta Rural Areas Achmad Surjono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 5-6 (1988): May - June 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The outcome of neonatal care was studied in three subdistricts rural areas in Yogyakarta Province with a total population of 112075 people. For data collection all pregnancies and deliveries between May 1983 -April 1984 were registered and visited twice during pregnancy, on delivery, 5 days and one month afterwards by trained health cadres. There were 1819 singleton liveborn infants with a neonatal mortality rate of 25.3 o/oo, in which 82.6% of the deaths occurred in the early neonatal period. An amount of 91.5% of the women delivered in their own house and 83.9% were assisted by a traditional birth attendant either trained or untrained. There was still 27.1% of pregnancies which never got any antenatal care. The coverage of tetanus immunization was 75.2% with 1.1 o/oo incidence of tetanus. The incidence of low birth weight infants was 8.1%, of which 19. 7% died before one month of age, I representing 63% of neonatal mortality. The causes of neonatal deaths were as follows: birth asphyxia and hypoxia 56.5%, prematurity/low birth weight 13%, infection/sepsis 13%, diarrhea 8. 7%, tetanus neonatorum 4.4% and others/unknown 4.4%. In rural areas, traditional birth attendants play a key role on assisting labour and taking care of the mothers as well as their newborns up to one month of age. Improvement of health service delivery at all levels of the health care system which includes the traditional birth attendants is needed especially concerning resuscitation of the newborns and the problems of low birthweights.

Tetanus Neonatorum in the Bethesda Hospital Y ogyakarta Marwoto Marwoto; Achmad Surjono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 9-10 (1976): September - October 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Thirty cases of tetanus neonatorum admitted to the Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, from January through December 1974, were analyzed. Twenty seven cases (90%) were born at home attended by traditional midwives, 2 (6.7%) were delivered at home attended by midwives while 1 (3.3%) was born in the obstetric ward of the hospital. The fatality rate is high. The possible cause of neonatal tetanus in these cases might be the delivery at home by traditional midwives and the application of contaminated materials such as traditional medicines on the umbilical stump. Tetanus neonatorum is an important cause of neonatal death in rural areas. The cost of treatment of tetanus neonatorum is much higher than the cost of antenatal tetanus immunization, which is one of the practical effective and safe methods in preventing tetanus neonatorum.

Positive Tuberculin and Primary Tuberculosis Frequency among Non-BCG Children of 0-4 years (Preliminary Report) Jati Soenarto; Achmad Surjono; Djauhari Ismail; Sunartini Sunartini; Soekardi Dirdjohusodo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 9-10 (1976): September - October 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The tuberculin test, rontgen photos, and nutritional condition of babies and pre-school children admitted to the Department of Child Health, University of Gadjah Mada Hospital, revealed: - A very high tuberculin index among the children examined, especially those under one year of age, much higher than the figures ever to be reported in Indonesia. - A direct correlation between the size of induration and the likelihood of finding pulmonary abnormalities. - A close relationship between deficient nutritional status and rontgenologic abnormalities of the lungs. We think that deficient nutritional status develops due to the presence of tuberculosis infection. Based on the factors mentioned above, in the national campaign against tuberculosis the following should be considered : - BCG at the earliest possible moment (neonatal period/life). - INH chemoprophylactic to all positive contact children will effectively prevent clinical manifestation as well as improve nutritional status.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Case Report) Marwoto Marwoto; Achmad Surjono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 9-10 (1976): September - October 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A case of a female infant with congenital abnormality of the urogenital apparatus, an excess of the urinary 17-ketosteroid, mild salt losing disorder, acceleration of growth ossification, described as congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase defect has been reported.

Co-Authors Djauhari Ismail Jati Soenarto Marwoto Marwoto Soekardi Dirdjohusodo Sunartini Sunartini

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