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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Sipil Teras Jurnal SIKLUS: Jurnal Teknik Sipil JUTEKS - Jurnal Teknik Sipil APTEK Journal of Applied Materials and Technology SAINSTEK
Ridwan Ridwan
Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Journal : Journal of Applied Materials and Technology

 1 
Finite Element Modelling of Reinforced Concrete Beam Strengthened with Embedded Steel Reinforcement Bars Nurman Chandra; Ridwan Ridwan; Muhammad Ikhsan
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.1.1.38-45

Abstract

The increased of loads on existing reinforced concrete infrastructure and the lack of initial design and construction will induce flexural and shear failure. Several methods have been introduced to increase the shear capacity of existing reinforced concrete elements with FRP, involving the use of plates or fabric externally bonded (EB) to the webs of the bridge beams, prestressed straps wrapped around the beams or bars mounted within grooves prepared in the near-surface mounted (NSM) technique. Typical Indonesian concrete bridges consisted main girders connected with diaphragm beams where the distance between those girders are very close. In particular case, where the webs of the beams are difficult to access, a novel approach is introduced, namely deep embedment (DE) method. Three reinforced concrete beam models are prepared for this study. One specimen is the control specimen and identified, as Beam-CS and the other two are the strengthened specimens and identified as Beam-SS-3EB and Beam-SS-5EB. All specimens have the same dimensions and reinforcement configuration. Specimen Beam-SS-3EB was strengthened with three rows of 6 mm embedded plain steel bars while specimen Beam-SS-5EB was strengthened with five rows of 6 mm plain steel bars. The results showed that element size significantly affects the load-displacement curve behaviour. The similarity of the hysteresis curve in the FE analysis using the 25 mm element size suggested a reasonably good agreement between the analytical calculation and the prediction result from the FE analysis. Furthermore, maximum reaction force for Beam-SS-3EB and Beam-SS-5EB were 30.30 kN and 31.77 kN, respectively, represents an increase of 17.67% and 23.29% compared to that of the Beam-CS.
3D Finite Element Model for Shear-dominant Failure of Reinforced Concrete Beams Ridwan Rahman; Ilham Akbar; Rofriantona Rofriantona
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.1.12-21

Abstract

This study explores the 3D FE modelling approach in determining the behaviour of shear-dominant responses of RC beams. Five RC beams (A1, A2, B1, C2 and C3) with different cross-sections, amount of tension reinforcement area, amount of shear reinforcement and the length of the span was analysed and the results were compared with the results of the experiment and 2D analysis available in published literature. RC beams analysed in this FE study were constructed as a discrete model using ABAQUS software. The concrete and the plate for loading as well as for supports were modelled using the C3D8R element while longitudinal steel bars and stirrups were modelled with the T3D2 element. The interaction between the steel bar and the concrete in the FE model was assumed perfectly bond. The material behaviour of concrete was modelled with the damage plasticity model where the yield or failure of the material was governed by the tensile cracking and the compressive crushing of the concrete by introducing the hardening variables. The results showed that crack propagation in the FE analysis matched the cracks observed in the test. The crack pattern on Beam A1, A2, B1 and C2 indicated that the specimens experienced flexure and shear failure while Beam C3 experienced less brittle behaviour. Estimates of strength and the load–deformation response of 3D analysis were certainly achieved with reasonable accuracy compared to that of 2D analysis. The difference of experiment-to-2D strength (Pu,exp - Pu,2D / Pu,exp) had a mean of 4.53 whereas the difference of experiment-to-3D strength (Pu,exp - Pu,3D / Pu,exp) had a mean of 1.83. Furthermore, the displacements at ultimate load gained in the 3D analysis were comparable to those of experiments. The difference of experiment-to-2D (du,exp - du,2D / du,exp) and experiment-to-3D (du,exp - du,3D / du,exp) midspan displacement had a mean of 19.91 and 10.89, respectively.
Various Methods of Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joint Subjected Earthquake-Type Loading Using Fibre-Reinforced Polymers: A Critical Review Ridwan Ridwan; Yaser Jemaa; Enno Yuniarto
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.4.2.42-55

Abstract

Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are extensively employed in concrete technology due to their exceptional mechanical strength and durability.  They serve a dual purpose, not only reinforcing damaged elements but also supporting heavier service loads and addressing long-term concerns in new infrastructure projects. Consequently, the objective of this review is to establish a comprehensive research database that focuses on evaluating the strengthening behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column joints (BCJ) under earthquake loads through diverse types and application methods of FRP composites. The efficacy of these strengthening techniques is assessed by considering factors such as the loading capacity and dissipated energy of RC BCJ versus the joint confinement index provided by the fibre in the joint area. Through this state-of-the-art review, it becomes evident that FRP composites effectively enhanced the normalized load of specimens up to 27 kN/?MPa and enhanced the dissipated energy until 558.6 kN-mm for the case of specimens with a lower confinement index, less than 0.3. Additionally, the specimen strengthened with the deep embedment (DE) method resulted in a moderate normalized load and dissipated energy compared to those strengthened with the external bonded (EB) method. The test results indicated that the average normalized load and dissipated energy of the DE-strengthening method was 93% and 28.5% compared to that of the EB-strengthening method. These findings reveal that FRP composites offer distinct advantages in terms of load capacity and dissipated energy when used for strengthening earthquake-affected RC BCJ. Finally, based on the compilation of the previous works, this research proposes several techniques for utilizing FRP composites to enhance RC BCJ subjected to earthquake load.
Co-Authors Dhika Fazrian Enno Yuniarto Harriad Akbar Syarif Ilham Akbar Ilham Akbar Muhammad Ikhsan Muhammad Ikhsan Muhammad Ikhsan Nurman Chandra Raja Syarif S Reni Suryanita Rofriantona Rofriantona Sevnur Sevnur Syahnandito Yaser Jemaa Zulfikar Djauhari Zulfikar Djauhari