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ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN ASYMPTOMATIC, MILD, AND MODERATE COVID-19 PATIENTS TREATED IN BHAYANGKARA HOSPITAL Putri Ayu Irma Ikasanti; Rika Yulia; Fauna Herawati; Ruddy Hartono; Puri Safitri Hanum
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.179-188

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a new type of virus named SARS-CoV-2. There is still no specific treatment for COVID-19; the antibiotic is used for therapy and to prevent severe disease, so the increasing use of antibiotics in COVID-19 patients will lead to a detrimental impact and the risk of antibiotic resistance. Purpose: This study aims to analyze antibiotic use frequency and determine the number of DDD per 100 bed-days in July – December 2020 at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya. Methods: This research was a descriptive study with a retrospective study design conducted at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya in May – June 2021. The data were collected from 94 medical records, inclusion criteria: all ages; asymptomatic, mild, and moderate categories; all hospitalized patients in July-December 2020 who received antibiotics; the exclusion criteria: non-confirmed COVID-19 patients who had comorbidities and received antibiotics; the patient who died. The variables: frequency of antibiotic use with calculating the number of DDD/100 bed-days and percentage of COVID-19 patients who received antibiotics during hospitalization. Results: The frequency of antibiotic use in asymptomatic, mild, and moderate COVID-19 patients: 86.56 DDD/100 bed-days, the most antibiotic use was azithromycin at 50.42 DDD/100 bed-days and Levofloxacin at 22.70 DDD/100 bed-days. All asymptomatic, mild, and moderate COVID-19 patients (100%) at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya were treated with antibiotics, whereas the condition of patients was 5.32% asymptomatic, 48.94% mild, and 45.74% moderate. Conclusion: There is overuse of antibiotics in asymptomatic, mild and moderate COVID-19 patients at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya.
The Effectiveness of High-dose N-acetylcysteine in Severe COVID-19 Patients Puri Safitri Hanum; Qory’ Hanifa
KELUWIH: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Keluwih: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran (December)
Publisher : Direktorat Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/kesdok.V3i1.4707

Abstract

Abstract—The study's objective was to describe the effect of using high doses of N-acetylcysteine on severe COVID-19 patients. N-acetyl cysteine, known as a mucolytic agent, in high doses (>1200 mg/day) is also known as glutathione boosting treatment, that may reduce proinflammatory cytokine so it may beneficial reduce the risk of severity. This study was an observational descriptive, evaluated from the length of stay of all patients with severe COVID-19 (clinical signs of pneumonia plus severe respiratory distress) and by monitoring the drug use data, laboratory data, and clinical data at Bhayangkara H.S Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital Surabaya. The data was collected retrospectively from patients' Health Medical Records who got high dose N-acetylcysteine in October 2020 – February 2021, with standard therapy: antivirus (Remdesivir), antibiotics, vitamins, symptomatic and comorbid therapy, anticoagulant, and corticosteroids (Dexamethasone) as inclusion criteria, then described descriptively. The observation result confirmed that the use of a high dose of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) [1 x 1200 – 5000 mg] po/iv had effective and beneficial results as seen from the patients' length of stay, which was 12 days for patients without comorbid and 14 days for patients with comorbid like diabetes and/or hypertension. The use of high dose NAC showed improvement in the patients' clinical condition that is evaluated from improved oxygen saturation by 37%. In addition, the laboratory results are shown an improvement in thorax X-ray by 69% and inflammatory markers like CRP and d-dimer by 100%. Further research that uses a prospective method is needed to get a better result on the use of high-dose NAC in patients with severe COVID-19.Keywords: high dose, n-acetylcysteine, severe Covid-19 patient Abstrak—Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan efek penggunaan N-acetylcysteine ​​​​dalam dosis tinggi (>1200mg/hari) pada pasien COVID-19 yang parah (dengan gejala klinis pneumonia disertai dengan distress pernafasan berat) , dinilai dari lama rawat dan dengan pemantauan data penggunaan obat, data laboratorium, dan data klinis di RS Bhayangkara H.S Samsoeri Mertojoso Surabaya. Data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif dari Rekam Medis Kesehatan pasien yang mendapat N-asetilsistein dosis tinggi pada Oktober 2020 – Februari 2021, dengan terapi standar: antivirus (Remdesivir), antibiotik, vitamin, terapi simtomatik dan komorbiditas, antikoagulan, dan kortikosteroid (Dexametason) sebagai kriteria inklusi, kemudian dideskripsikan secara deskriptif. Hasil observasi menegaskan bahwa penggunaan N-acetylcystein (NAC) dosis tinggi [1 x 1200 – 5000 mg] po/iv memiliki hasil yang efektif dan memberi benefit dilihat dari lama rawat pasien yaitu 12 hari untuk pasien tanpa penyakit penyerta dan 14 hari untuk pasien dengan penyakit penyerta seperti diabetes dan/atau hipertensi. Penggunaan NAC dosis tinggi menunjukkan perbaikan kondisi klinis pasien yang dinilai dari peningkatan saturasi oksigen sebesar 37%. Selain itu, hasil laboratorium menunjukkan peningkatan seperti pada rontgen toraks sebesar 69%, dan penanda inflamasi seperti CRP dan d-dimer sebesar 100%. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut yang menggunakan metode prospektif untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik pada penggunaan NAC dosis tinggi pada pasien COVID-19 berat.Kata kunci: dosis tinggi, pasien Covid-19 parah, n-asetilsistein
Practical Analysis Antibiotics Use for Covid 19 Patients Puri Safitri Hanum; Ni Made Eravikania Putri Darmawan; Didik Hasmono
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2021): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v3i4.2636

Abstract

To evaluate the use of antibiotics and their effectiveness in COVID-19 patients including PCR, body temperature, SaO2, chest X-ray, respiratory rate, leukocytes, CRP, and LOS of COVID-19 patients at Bhayangkara HS Samsoeri Hospital Mertojoso Surabaya. This study is an observational study with a retrospective method in the period June 2020 to February 2021. Data were collected from Medical Records of COVID-19 patients who achieved antibiotic therapy, with standard therapy: antiviral (mild to moderate: Favipiravir-Ritonavir and severe: Remdesivir), antibiotics, vitamins, anticoagulants, corticosteroids, symptomatic and concomitant therapy. The study showed that 37% (25 patients) were female and 67% (41 patients) were male with the highest age range between 30-39 years. Most of the patients were hospitalized for 10-14 days and the longest hospitalization period was 40-44 days. In this study patients with mild cases were the most cases with a total of 36 patients (54%). The results of the analysis based on the 2020 Third Edition of the 2020 COVID-19 Handling Guidelines, the Bhayangkara Hospital Antibiogram data, clinical conditions and laboratory tests occurred in 66 patients (100%). Rational use of antibiotics in accordance with the COVID-19 Management Guidelines 3rd Edition and data from Bhayangkara Hospital antibiogram of 100% and antibiotics can help the healing process of COVID-19 patients proven by negative PCR results (91%), increased body temperature (100%), SaO2 (100%), chest x-ray (45%), respiratory rate (92%), leukocytes (77%), CRP (41%), and LOS.