Umi Athiyah
Departemen Farmasi Komunitas, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Airlangga

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Clustering of Drug Sampling Data to Determine Drug Distribution Patterns with K-Means Method : Study on Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Wahyuri Wahyuri; Umi Athiyah; Ira Puspitasari; Yunita Nita
Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Business Intelligence Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1970.953 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jisebi.5.2.208-218

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Background: Drug sampling and testing in the context of post-marketing control is an important component to ensure drug safety in the supply chains. The results are used by the Indonesian National Agency for Drug and Food Control (NA-FDC) for conducting public warnings, evaluating the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and Good Distribution Practice (GDP) implementation, and enforcing the law against drug violation.Objective: This study aimed to identify and analyze drug distribution patterns to provide an overview of drug sampling in the public sector. Methods: The data was collected from Balai Besar Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BBPOM) Palangka Raya’s database. The collected data were the drug sampling data from Integrated Information Reporting Systems (IIRS) application from 2014 to 2018. Next, we employed CRISP-DM methodology to analyze the data and to identify the pattern. K-means clustering model was selected for data modeling.Results: The dataset contained five attributes, i.e., drug name, therapeutic classes, district/city, sample category, and evaluation of drug surveillance. The drug distribution pattern formed three clusters. First cluster contained 522 drug items in eight therapeutic classes and spread over ten districts, second cluster contained 1542 drug items in five therapeutic classes and spread over five districts, and third cluster contained 503 drug items in eleven therapeutic classes and spread across nine districts.Conclusion: To conclude, the applied data mining technique has improved the decision on the drug sampling planning. It also provides in-depth information on the improvement of drug post-marketing control performance in Central Kalimantan Province.Keywords: Clustering, CRISP-DM, Data Mining, Drug distribution patterns, Drug quality control, Drug sampling
THE INFLUENCE OF PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SERVICES MODEL IN PRESCRIPTION DRUGS ON PHARMACIST’S BEHAVIOR IN PHARMACEUTICAL CARE Umi Athiyah
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences (ICMHS)
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Pharmaceutical care is an important element inproviding health services that must be integratedwith other elements where pharmacist hasresponsibility in the quality of such cares (Gennaro,2000). Pharmaceutical care is generally based onpharmacist’s responsibilities to guaranteeconformity, effectiveness, and safety of drug therapyby identifying, preventing, as well as solvingproblems of drug therapy received by patient.Pharmaceutical care as a practical guidance isdescribed into three activities: 1) assessing patient’sneeds regarding drug therapy, 2) making care plans,3) following up care plans and evaluating. Anapproach is needed to assess patient’s needsregarding the used drugs which can cover precisionof indication, capable to achieve therapy effects,security and conformity of drug usage.Therapeutic communication between pharmacistand patient becomes the absolute requirement inperforming pharmaceutical care. The finding ofresearch conducted by Research Center of Ministryof Health that was taken in five provinces inIndonesia stated that pharmacist as the person incharge in the lack of communication happened inthe drugstore between pharmacist and consumers inparticular and society in general (Zalbawi, 1991).In the research conducted by Indri MulyaniBunyamin (2005), it was found that 69.9%pharmacists works in the drugstores around DKIJakarta have high quality practices particularly in thepractical management and accountability, but stillhave low pharmaceutical care.The finding of the research on the implementationof pharmaceutical care in prescribed drug servicefound that pharmacists’ activity in assessingprescription completeness, 3.8% bad of doctors’prescription, dentists’ prescription, and veterinaries’prescription; 2.9% bad of drug preparation anddispensing; 21.5% bad of assessment of patient’sdrug therapy; 33.3% bad of making plans forpatient’s drug therapy; 41.9% bad of evaluation andfollowing up patient’s drug therapy (Athiyah, 2005).The finding indicates that pharmacists are stilloriented on drug supply as product, while patient’s needs-oriented which is usually described as theeffort to improve life quality is still ignored.Based on the description and the fact above, thereare lot of issues that must be explored further abouthow pharmaceutical care as a philosophy isimplemented in the form of pharmacists’ taskbehavior in drugstore. Thus, this study examinedpharmacists’ behavior in pharmaceutical care. Thegeneral objective of this study is to createpharmaceutical care model of prescribed drugservice and its influences on the pharmacists’behavior in pharmaceutical care.
Comparative Analysis of Actual Cost and INA CBG Rate in Diabetic Gangrene Inpatients Diajeng Putri Kinanti; Umi Athiyah; Yunita Nita; Muhammad Noor Diansyah
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v8i32021.284-292

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Background: Diabetic gangrene is a complication of diabetes mellitus that imposes a substantial financial burden on patients and their families as well as the health care system. Objective: To determine the total cost of disease, and the difference between real cost and INA CBG rate for diabetic gangrene inpatients from January - December 2017 at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively by using a total sampling method. The perspective used was the hospital perspective. This study's direct medical costs were laboratory, drug and consumable medical device costs, medical equipment rental, radiology examination, red cross, oxygen, service, and room costs. Data analysis was performed using an independent samples t-test. Results: The results showed that 148 patients met the inclusion criteria. The total real cost of diabetic gangrene inpatients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital in 2017 was IDR 1,339,949,381, and the total INA CBG rate for inpatients with diabetic gangrene was IDR 1,365,047,500. The difference was (p = 0.000) between real cost and INA CBG rate. Conclusion: There is a difference between the actual cost and the INA CBG rate for diabetic gangrene inpatients.
Evaluasi Penerapan CDOB sebagai Sistem Penjaminan Mutu pada Sejumlah PBF di Surabaya VANNINA AGUSTINI; WAHYU UTAMI; WAHONO SUMARYONO; UMI ATHIYAH; ABDUL RAHEM
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 15 No 1 (2017): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

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Good Pharmaceutical Distribution Practice is called as CDOB in Indonesia is a guidelines to ensure pharmaceutical product quality throughout the distribution chain..This guideline consist of nine aspects, and pharmaceutical wholesalers (PBF) are required to implement the principle in the guideline as part of compliance to the pharmaceutical wholesaler regulation. The purpose of this research is to assess the extent of the implementation of Good Pharmaceutical Distribution Practices in the pharmaceutical daily operation.This research is descriptive with random sampling technique to determine which pharmaceutical wholesalers to be selected. The samples were 41 pharmaceutical wholesalers in Surabaya and they were given questionnaire they need to answer.. The data were collected in the period of August until September 2015, where the CDOB certifi cation was not mandatory yet. According to data collected, results show that 40 out of 41 (97.56%) PBF do not possessed CDOB certifi cate. From 41 PBFs, 18 (43.90%) PBF has met ≥80% CDOB, 16 (39.02%) PBF has met ≥65 - <80% CDOB, 6 (14.63%) PBF met ≥ 50 - <65% CDOB and 1 (2.44%) PBF met <50% CDOB. There was 1 (2.44%) PBF never conduct a study of the quality management, 4 (9.76%) offi cial pharmacist of respective PBF had never attended CDOB’s training and 5 (12.20%) PBF all their personnel have not been trained CDOB, 5 (12.20%) PBF never check the registration number, there are 2 (4.88%) PBF rarely keep the appropriate medication storage temperature indicated on the drug packaging.Overall, it may be said that not all the PBF in Surabaya implemented 9 aspects of CDOB. This could aff ect directly or indirectly to the quality of pharmaceutical products they distributed. CDOB certifi cation however, just became mandatory in November 2017.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ketersediaan Obat Program Rujuk Balik (PRB) di Fasilitas Pelayanan Obat PRB Wilayah Eks Karesidenan Kediri (Studi pada Ketersediaan Obat Hipertensi) Sri Dias Tuti; Umi Athiyah; Wahyu Utami
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 16 No 1 (2018): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1989.081 KB) | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v16i1.437

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PRB drugs service was given to chronically patients who still need long term treatment therefore there was need to guarantee the availability of medicines for their therapeutic needs. The objectives of this research were to know about PRB drug management, to know drug management support, policy, the availability of PRB drugs, and to analize the effects of drug management, drug management support, and policy on drug availability in PRB drug facility in Ex Karesidenan Kediri. Study on the availability of drugs hypertension due to prevalence of hypertension disease tends to increase from 7.6% in 2007 to 9.5% in 2013. This research used cross sectional approach by giving questionnaires to 18 respondents of PRB drug managers who had fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Those respondents were measured on the capability in PRB drug managements and assessment of PRB drug management support and policy. The questionnaires were valid and reliable. The management, management support, and policy score were tested for effect on PRB drug availability for Hypertension by using multiple linear regression. From this research, it was known that PRB Drug Management, PRB Drug Management Supporting Assessment, and PRB Policy by PRB drug managers in drug service facilities in Ex Karesidenan Kediri were mostly categorized as good enough. The availability of PRB drugs at PRB drugs facility with stock calculations indicated the ability to provide PRB medication to serve PRB prescription of hypertension was 28.71%. While the facilitieas that were able to serve an average of 72.67, thus providing substitution drugs beyond the average of PRB stock of 43.95%. The efforts were done for examples, borrowed similar drugs from regular supplies, medicines administered when they were available, or established the similar drugs at prices closed to e-catalogue. The results of the analysis showed that simultaneously PRB Drug Management factors, PRB Drug Management Supports, and PRB Policy have significant effects on PRB Drug Availability (p<0.10). PRB drug management had the greatest effects on the availability (p<0.10), especially in the case of Drug Selection (p<0.10). Selection of drugs was the first step to be done from a cycle of drug management, where the early step was the step that most determine the next steps. The pharmaceutical management framework affected the availability of PRB drugs, particularly the Drug Management factor, especially in the drug selection step. Drug selection was an early step of the drug management cycle that determined the next step.
Analysis of Relationship between Pharmacist Professionalism and Pharmaceutical Care Practice: Case Study on Diabetic Therapy in Sidoarjo Regency Pharmacy SUHARTONO SUHARTONO; UMI ATHIYAH; WAHYU UTAMI
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 13 No 2 (2015): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

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Profesionalisme adalah perilaku aktif seseorang dalam mendemonstrasikan ciri-ciri profesional. Seorang yang profesional adalah seorang yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri, diantaranya pengetahuan, keterampilan dan perilaku profesi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui hubungan profesionalisme apoteker dengan praktik asuhan kefarmasian. Desain penelitian observasional yang bersifat cross sectional, dilakukan pada 78 apoteker di Apotek Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai sumbangan pemikiran dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan praktik dalam meningkatkan kualitas asuhan kefarmasian serta memberikan masukan bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan terkait peningkatan profesionalisme dan implementasi praktik asuhan kefarmasian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada hubungan antara profesionalisme apoteker dan praktik asuhan kefarmasian dengan nilai p = 0,000 dan tingkat hubungan (correlation coefficient) kuat r = 0,527. Dalam proses praktik asuhan kefarmasian yang dimulai dari tahap penerimaan resep, penyiapan obat dan penyerahan obat didapatkan nilai korelasi tertinggi pada tahap penyerahan obat dengan nilai p = 0,000 dengan tingkat hubungan (correlation coefficient) moderat r = 0,499.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengelolaan Obat Publik di Instalasi Farmasi Kabupaten (Studi di Papua Wilayah Selatan) YOHANES WAHYU WALUYO; UMI ATHIYAH; THINNI NURUL ROCHMAH
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 13 No 1 (2015): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

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Public drug management is purposed to ensure availability of quality drug with proper type and quantity, distributed well and orderly. Recent problem of public drug management is the level of drug availability which has not been suitable with the health care need since inadequate supply still occur in one part and oversupply in other part. This research was aimed to indentify what factors are influencing public drug management and to identify public drug management function. This is an observational using cross sectional data collection method, presented descriptively in District Pharmacy Installation and descriptive in nature. Result of research showed that public drug management were influenced by factors such as packing and maintenance funds which is not evenly distributed, staff education which have not met the required need, governance which were not yet performed and drug management facility/ tools which were partially incomplete. The description of drug management are as following: drug procurement fund allocation of 114.02%, drug availability with disease pattern of 170.87%, planning accuracy of 114.02%, essential drug of 70.16%, generic drug of 87.87%,drug procurement has not been met all contract books of 77.00%, drug availability of 75.75%, broken and expired drug of 7.01%, drug vacant time mean of 0.37%, drug distribution accuracy of 57.68% and distributed drug deviation of 17.30%.
Analysis of Drug Management Influence with the Success of Theraphy on Members of Pandangdia Community Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Umi Athiyah; Abdul Rahem
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 7, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.33345

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Drug management is essential in quality and efficacy assurance, especially to achieve therapeutic outcome of chronic diseases; such as Diabetes mellitus. This study was observational and cross-sectional. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of drug management towards achievement of therapeutic outcome amongs patients with diabetes mellitus. Thirty-five patients (members of a community of diabetic patients in Bangkalan) were voluntarily involved in this study as respondents. A validated and reliable questionnaire was used to collect the data. The result showed that appropriate drug use and proper drug storage influenced achievement of therapeutic outcome. While, place to get medicines and infomation resource had no correlation with achievement of therapeutic outcome.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Praktik Pelaporan Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) oleh Apoteker di Beberapa Rumah Sakit di Surabaya Tamzil Azizi Musdar; Muhammad Thariq Nadhafi; Lestiono Lestiono; Lichijati Lichijati; Umi Athiyah; Yunita Nita
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v6i2.49794

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Permasalahan kurangnya pelaporan ADRs sudah berjalan lama diseluruh dunia. Partisipasi apoteker dalam pelaporan ADRs diharapkan dapat mengatasi permasalahan ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi praktik pelaporan ADRs oleh apoteker yang bekerja di beberapa rumah sakit di wilayah Surabaya. Penelitian ini adalah studi cross sectional. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh apoteker yang bekerja di tiga rumah sakit di Surabaya. Kriteria rumah sakit adalah yang pernah mengirimkan laporan ADRs kepada Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) Indonesia. Sejumlah 49 apoteker berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan daftar pertanyaan wawancara. Kuesioner yang digunakan sebelumnya telah melalui pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas. Kuesioner terdiri dari pernyataan-pernyataan meliputi demografi responden, pengetahuan, sikap, akses sarana, lingkungan (perilaku tenaga kesehatan lain), dan praktik yang berkaitan dengan pelaporan ADRs. Pada lembar wawancara berisi pernyataan-pernyataan meliputi ketersediaan sarana dan kebijakan/peraturan terkait pelaporan ADRs. Pada uji pengaruh menggunakan regresi linear berganda diperoleh variabel pengetahuan (p=0,036), dan variabel ketersediaan dan akses sarana pelaporan ADRs (p=0,002) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap praktik pelaporan ADRs. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pengetahuan dan ketersediaan dan akses sarana merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap praktik pelaporan ADRs oleh apoteker di rumah sakit.