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Sri Raharjo
Gadjah Mada University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Quenching Mechanisms and Kinetics of Quercetin in Inhibition of Photosensitized Oxidation of Palm Oil and Linoleic Acid Posman Sibuea; Suparmo Suparmo; Umar Santoso; Zuheid Noor; Mary Astuti; Sri Raharjo
Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress Vol 11, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jifnp.39

Abstract

Effect of 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm (wt/vol) quercetin on the erythrosine sensitized photooxidations of palm oil and linoleic acid in methylene chloride containing 100 ppm erythrosine, were studied during storage under 4000 lux fluorescent light for 5 h by measuring peroxide value. Steady-state kinetic approximation was used to determine a quenching mechanism and quenching rate constant of quercetin in the erythrosine-sensitized photooxidation of palm oil and linoleic acid in methylene chloride model system. Erythrosine greatly increased the photooxidation of palm oil and linoleic acid, as was expected. Quercetin was extremely effective in minimizing erythrosine-sensitized photooxidation of palm oil and linoleic. As the concentration of quercetin increased from 0 to 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm, the peroxide values of palm oil and linoleic acid decreased significantly (P <0.05). The steady-state kinetic studies indicated that quercetin quenched singlet oxygen only to minimize tire erythrosine-sensitized photooxidation of palm oil and linoleic acid. The calculated total quenching rate of quercetin on erythrosine photosensitized oxidation of palm oil in methtylene chloride was 4.3 x 109 M-1s-1 and total quenching rate of quercetin on erythrosine photosensitized oxidation of linoleic acid in methtylene chloride was 3.2 x 109 M-1s-1.
The Role of Extracellular Enzymes Produced by Aspergillus oryzae KKB4 in Biodegradation of Aflatoxin B1 Sardjono Sardjono; Sri Raharjo; Endang S Rahayu; Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto
Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress Vol 11, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jifnp.40

Abstract

Previous research showed that Aspergillus oryzae KKB4 able to degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) during its growth. According to detoxification test, it was known that extracellular enzymes produced by this mold was able to detoxify AFB1. In this study, the role of these enzymes in biodegradation of AFB1 were further studied. Biodegradation products of AFBI were analyzed using HPLC and the destruction of functional groups were analyzed using IR spectrophotometer. Molecular weight and enzymes activity were also determined. The result showed that extra cellular enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae KKB4 consist of five fractions with molecular weight of 14.2, 20, 23, 29 and 36 kDalton. All enzyme fractions were able to degrade AFB1 with the highest specific activity 3.79 ìg AFBl/mg enzyme protein/20 hrs. The HPLC analysis indicated that biodegradation product of AFB1 was different from untreated AFB1. The infrared spectrum suggest that enzymes degraded lactone ring, cyclo-pentanone reduction and openined difuran ring.
Singlet Oxygen Quenching Effect of Quercetin in Erythrosine-Sensitized Photooxidation of Oil-in-Water Emulsion Posman Sibuea; Umar Santoso; Zuheid Noor; Sri Raharjo
Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress Vol 11, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jifnp.41

Abstract

Oxidation reaction can be initiated by either diradical triplet oxygen or non radical singlet oxygen. The singlet oxygen can be formed infoods from triplet oxygen by photosensitized reaction. This research was intended to study the quenching effect of quercetin on lipid oxidation rate in the erythrosine-sensitized photooxidation of oil-in-water emulsion. Palm oil-in-water emulsion, containing erythrosine 100 ppm and quercetin 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm, were prepared with polyoxyelhylene 100 stearyl ether (Brij 700) or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20). Structurally Brij 700 has 5 times longer polyoxyethylene groups than Tween 20. The mixture were stored under 4000 luxfluorescent light for 10 h and peroxide values were measured at 2 h interval. Erythrosine effectively sensitized the photooxidation of palm oil-in-water emulsion, as expected. Lipid oxidation rates, as determined by the formation of lipid hydroperoxides and headspace oxygen, in palm oil-in-water emulsions containing erythrosine decreased with increasing quercetin concentration. At pH 3, the peroxide value was higher than at pH 7. Brij 700 decreased production of lipid hydroperoxides from palm oil-in-water-emulsions compared to emulsions stabilized by Tween 20. The results indicate that quercetin is an efective singlet oxygen quencher in palm oil-in-water emulsion and the surfactant headgroup size could be an important determinant in the oxidative stability of food emulsions.
Isolation and Identification of Antiradical and Anti-photooxidant Component of Aloe vera chinensis Yohana S. Kusuma Dewi; Tranggono Tranggono; Sri Raharjo; Puji Hastuti
Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress Vol 12, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jifnp.30

Abstract

A potent antiradical and antiphotooxidant compound from Aloe vera chinensis was investigated. The results indicated that the methanolic extracts produced stronger antiradical and antiphotoaxidant activity also gave higher yields of extract than other organic solvents. Silica gel column separated methanolic extracts into five fractions. Of the five fractions, fraction II possessed significant antiradical activity (70.2 % inhibition on free radical DPPH) and its showed significant antiphotooxidant activity (60.1 % inhibition on hydroperoxide formation). Subsequently, fraction II was separated into eight subfractions by silica gel column. The sub fraction II-b exhibited stronger antiradical and antiphotooxidant activity than others and showed a single spot in thin layer chromatography Silica gel 60 F254 plates. On the basis of mass spectrophotometry in combination with reversed phased, high performance chromatography, this compound has been identified as 1,8 dihydroxy-3- hydroxymethylanthraquinone (Aloe emodin).
Anti-Autooxidative and Anti-Photooxidative Effect of Lemon Grass Extracts (Cymbopogon citratus) Sri Raharjo; Edi Suryanto
Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress Vol 12, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jifnp.31

Abstract

Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a traditional food ingredient characterized by its specific and refreshing aroma. This study was intended determine to the effect of lemon grass extract in both autooxidation and photooxidation reaction in model systems. Lemon grass was extracted sequentially with hexane, acetone and ethanol. The antioxidative effects of the extracts were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-spicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, reducing power, β-carotene bleaching method and linoleic acid system. The photooxidation reaction system was consisted of linoleic acid (0,03 M) in methanol containing 100 ppm erythrosine as a sensitizer and the reaction mixture was exposed under 4000 lux fluorescent light for up to 5 hours. Total phenolic content of acetone, hexane and ethanol extracts were 20.38, 7.65, and 4.97 mg/100g, respectively, which was expressed as gallic acid equivalent. The addition of acetone extracts of lemon grass at 200 and 500 ppm in the reaction mixture showed the highest scavenging activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-spicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing power, and β-carotene bleaching and linoleic acid system. 
The Role of Intrinsic Pathway Apoptosis via Caspase-9 in Atherogenesis Due To Atherogenic Diet in Sprague Dawley Rats Yanuartono Yanuartono; Hastari Wuryastuti; R Wasito; Sri Raharjo
Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress Vol 12, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jifnp.32

Abstract

Thirty male rats, strain Sprague Dawley were used as experimental animal to study the role of intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway apoptosis in atherogenesis due to high fat and high cholesterol diet. The rats were randomly alloted into three group (I, II, III) of 15 each. Group I as control was fed normal diet, group II was fed diet containing high fat diet, and group III was fed containing high fat and high cholesterol diet (atherogenic diet). After 6 and 12 weeks on experimental diet, 15 rats were selected randomly (5 rats of each group). All animal were then killed and the aorta were taken out for caspase-9 immunohistochemical analysis. Based on the present study result it can be concluded that high fat diet and high cholesterol diet could induced apoptosis through caspase-9.
The Role of Extrinsic Pathway (Death Receptor Pathway) Apoptosis through Caspase-8 in Atherogenesis due to High Fat and High Cholesterol Diet Yanuartono Yanuartono; Hastari Wuryastuti; R Wasito; Sri Raharjo
Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress Vol 12, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jifnp.33

Abstract

Thirty male rats, strain Sprague Dawley were used as experimental animal to study the role of death receptor pathway apoptosis in atherogenesis due to high fat and high cholesterol diet. The rats were randomly alloted into three group (I, II, III) of 10 each. Group I as control was fed normal diet, group II was fed diet containing high fat diet, and group III was fed containing high fat and high cholesterol diet (atherogenic diet). After 6 and 12 weeks on experimental diet, 15 rats were selected randomly (5 rats of each group). All animal were then killed and the aorta were taken out for caspase-8 immunohistochemical analysis. Based on the present study result it can be concluded that high cholesterol and/or high fat diet induced apoptosis through death receptor pathway via caspase-8.
Co-Authors Dewi Y.S.K. Edi Suryanto Endang S Rahayu H Sastrohamidjojo H. Sastrohamidjojo Hastari Wuryastuti Kapti Rahayu Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto Lydia Ninan Lestario Mary Astuti Posman Sibuea Pudji Hastuti Puji Hastuti R Wasito Sardjono Sardjono Sofyan Iskandar Suparmo Suparmo Tranggono Tranggono Umar Santoso Wahyu Supartono Yanuartono, Yanuartono Zuheid Noor