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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia JURNAL TEKMAPRO Syntax Literate : Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE) Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering Journal
Mr. Sutiyono
Department Of Chemical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur Jl. Rungkut Madya No.1, Gn. Anyar, Kec. Gn. Anyar, Surabaya, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Transportation

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PEMANFAATAN BITTERN SEBAGAI KOAGULAN PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KERTAS Sutiyono, Mr.
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 01 (2006): JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v1i01.19

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui volume bittern terbaik sebagai koagulan dan nilai akhir dari TSS limbah cair. Limbah cair yang digunakan adalah limbah cair pada industri kertas PT Adiprima Suraprinta, Gresik. Kondisi yang ditetapkan adalah pH limbah cair = 11, Kecepatan pengadukan awal = 100 rpm, Kecepatan pengadukan lambat = 30 rpm, Waktu pengadukan awal = 1 menit, Waktu pengendapan = 60 menit. Kondisi yang dijalankan : Volume bittern (ml) = 1, 2, 3, dan 4, Waktu pencampuran (menit = 15, 30, 45, 60, dan 75.Prosedur yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah meliputi analisa awal, alkalisasi limbah, penyiapan volume bittern, jar test, dan analisa jar test. Analisa awal dan analisa jar test meliputi analisa pH dan TSS. Alkalisasi limbah bertujuan untuk mengubah pH awal limbah 7 menjadi 11. Proses alkalisasi limbah dilakukan dengan penambahan larutan Ca(OH)2. Proses jar test berguna untuk mereaksikan larutan Ca(OH)2 dengan bittern sebagai koagulan-flokulan untuk mengikat partikel-partikel yang tersuspensi agar mudah mengendap.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan volume bittern pada limbah cair industri kertas terjadi penurunan nilai TSS yang cukup signifikan. Selain volume bittern, waktu pengadukan lambat juga berpengaruh terhadap penurunan nilai TSS. Nilai TSS terendah diperoleh pada penambahan volume bittern 4 ml dengan waktu pengadukan 75 menit. Selain penurunan nilai TSS, % Recovery TSS yang diperoleh juga cukup tinggi yaitu 94,95 %. Untuk pH akhir mengalami penurunan dari 11 menjadi 8.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Research aim is to find best bittern volume as coagulants and end value of TSS liquid waste. Liquid waste used is liquid waste at PT.Adiprima Suraprinta paper industry, Gresik. Condition defined are liquid waste pH = 11, early stirring velocity = 100 rpm, slow stirring velocity = 30 rpm, early stirring time = 1 minute, time to solid for settled at bottom = 60 minute. The running condition are bittern volume (ml) = 1,2,3 and 4, stirring time (minutes) = 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75.Conducted procedure on this research comprise early analysis, waste alkaline, bittern volume preparation, jar test, and jar test analysis. Early analysis and jar analysis comprise pH analysis and TSS. Waste alkaline purposed to change early waste pH from 7 to 11. Waste alkaline process conducted with addition of Ca(OH)2 solution. Jar test process useful to react Ca(OH)2 solution with bitters as coagulantfloculant to string suspented particles to get easy to settled at the bottom.The research result shown that with addition of bittern volume on liquid waste in paper industry the TSS value is decrease significantly. Beside bittern volume, slow stirring time also influential to TSS value decrease. TSS low value reach on 4 ml bittern volume addition with 75 minutes stirring time. Beside of TSS value decrease, TSS % recovery obtained high enough which is on 94,95%. For end pH has decrease from 11 to 8.
Analisis Produktivitas dengan Menggunakan Metode Parsial POSPAC dan Total David J. Sumanth di PT.Yudhistira Ghalia Surabaya Sutiyono, Mr.
JURNAL TEKMAPRO Vol 3, No 1 (2008): JURNAL TEKMAPRO
Publisher : JURNAL TEKMAPRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (88.536 KB)

Abstract

Abstrak   Pengukuran produktivitas itu penting untuk dilakukan karena dapat memberikan suatu informasi untuk menilai efisiensi dan efektifitas pelaksanaan suatu program usaha, yang dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam melakukan langkah-langkah meningkatkan produktivitas dimasa yang akan datang. Berdasarkan dari pengamatan dari data-data yang tersedia maka pengukuran yang akan diterapkan diperusahaan adalah model parsial POSPAC  dan Total Sumanth. Pengukuran produktivitas dilakukan pada tahun 2005 sampai tahun 2007. Selain pengukuran juga dilakukan evaluasi, perencanaan dan perbaikan produktivitas. Dari hasil pengukuran tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa tingkat produktivitas perusahaan menunjukkan fluktuasi baik secara parsial maupun total. Untuk indeks produktivitas parsial tertinggi dicapai oleh produktivitas organisasi pada tahun 2007 dengan indeks produktivitasnya sebesar 101,32%. Sedangkan yang terendah dialami oleh produktivitas produk dengan indeks produktivitasnya terendahnya pada tahun 2007 sebesar 53,88 % sedang Produktivitas total tertinggi terjadi tahun 2006 dengan angka indeks 101,05. Untuk produktivitas total tertinggi dicapai tahun 2007 dengan angka indeks 103,23 % dan produktivitas total terendah dialami pada tahun 2005 dengan angka indeks 100 % (periode dasar).   Kata Kunci : Pengukuran Produktuvitas, produktivitas parsial, Produktivitas total.
ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN METODE AMERICAN PRODUCTIVITY CENTER DI PT GFI SIDOARJO Sutiyono, Mr.
JURNAL TEKMAPRO Vol 3, No 2 (2008): JURNAL TEKMAPRO
Publisher : JURNAL TEKMAPRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (181.541 KB)

Abstract

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengukur produktivitas dengan menggunkan metode APC (American Productivity center), agar perusahaan dapat mengetahui tingkat produktivitas dan hubungan secara langsung antara profitabilitas dengan produktivitas dan perbaikan harga. Identifikasi penyebab naik turunya produktivitas yang dicapai perusahaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan diagram Ishikawa. Terdapat lima kriteria produktivitas yang diteliti yaitu antara lain produktivitas material, produktivitas energi, produktivitas tanaga kerja, provitabilitas modal, produktivitas total. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya kenaikan dan penurunan tingkat produktivitas tenaga kerja, material, modal dan energi mengakibatkan terjadinya fluktuasi juga pada produktivitas total PT GFI selama periode 2004-2006. hal ini dapat pada peride 2005 produktivitas total mengalami penurunan menjadi 147,73 (-9852). Pada periode 2006 produktivitas mengalami peningkatan menjadi 0,126 (9751,4). Kata kunci: produktivitas material, produktivitas energi, produktivitas tanaga kerja, provitabilitas modal, produktivitas total.
Magnesium Recovery of Struvite Formation Based on Waste Salts (Bittern) with a Bulkhead Reactor Luluk edahwati; Sutiyono; Nikmatuz Zahra; Herdiana Septiani
International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering Vol. 1 No. 01 (2020): IJEISE
Publisher : Engineering Faculty, University of Pembangunan Nasional Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/ijeise.v1i01.1

Abstract

Waste salt or bittern is the residual liquid from the salt formation which cannot be precipitated again but can be obtained from the washing water remaining in the purification process. Bittern has high economic value of mineral salts such as MgCl2, MgSO4, KCl, and Br2. The element Mg in bittern can be used as a mineral forming struvite because magnesium is one of the components needed in the formation of struvite. Crystallization of the formation of struvite minerals occurs in equimolecular concentrations of Mg 2+, NH4 + and PO43 - in an alkaline state. The column reactor is equipped with a bulkhead which functions as a stirrer inside the reactor and is assisted by incoming air. Struvite solution (MAP) reacted can be formed from phosphoric acid, ammonium hydroxide, and bittern or salt waste as a source of magnesium with a molar ratio of 2: 1: 1. The pH variations run in the range of 7 to 11 and the reactor inlet air velocity between 0.25-1.25 L/min in a closed column reactor that is operated continuously. The resulting dry sludge was analyzed by XRD method for mineral characterization, SEM to determine the morphology of the crystals and XRF to determine the composition of struvite mineral.
Tofu Factory Liquid Waste for Making Struvite with Canted Vertical Reactors Sutiyono; Luluk edahwati; Kartika Pratiwi; Achmad Fanani
International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering Vol. 1 No. 01 (2020): IJEISE
Publisher : Engineering Faculty, University of Pembangunan Nasional Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/ijeise.v1i01.9

Abstract

Struvite is a white crystal, chemically known as magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). Tofu factory liquid waste is waste that can be reused because of its content. Tofu factory liquid waste can potentially pollute the environment. This research aimsto analyze the manufacture of struvite by utilizing the phosphate content contained in the liquid waste of tofu factories using vertical canted column reactors which can reduce environmental pollution due to liquid waste of tofu factories. This study uses a vertical canted column reactors by mixing anequimolar 1: 1: 1 MgCl2: NH4OH: H3PO4 solution. Struvite crystallization process operates at a temperature variation of 30°C,35°C,40°C,45.50°Cand a pH of 8, 9,10,11,12 by maintaining the air rate of 0.5 liters minute-1 and a MAP (Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate)flow of 56 ml minutes-1 as a whole. The crystallization process runs until a steady state conditionis reached. Then, the struvite crystals obtained were filtered and dried at room temperature for 24 hours. After that struvite crystals were analyzed using XRF, XRD, and SEM. The results of the study obtained the best phosphate conversion of 24.935% at 30°C and pH 8.
Recovery of Phosphate and Ammonium from Dairy Cow Urine by Struvite Crystallization with Vertical Reactor Luluk Edahwati; Sutiyono; Rizqi Rendri Anggriawan
International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering Vol. 1 No. 02 (2020): IJEISE
Publisher : Engineering Faculty, University of Pembangunan Nasional Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/ijeise.v1i02.23

Abstract

Excess phosphate (PO43-) and ammonium (NH4+) in wastewater can cause environmental damages, such as pollutants and eutrophication in water. Dairy cow urine is a dangerous liquid waste that contains high amounts of phosphate and ammonium. The removal of PO4 and NH4 components can be done by crystallizing them into struvite fertilizers. Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) is a mineral formed from magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate with the equimolar ratio. The crystallization process of struvite is carried out using a vertical reactor. MAP solution (magnesium ammonium phosphate) is prepared by reacting MgCl2, H3PO4, and dairy cow urine with MAP molar ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 and KOH 1N. The study run in pH 8; 8.5; 9; 9.5; 10 and temperature variations of 25, 30, 35, 40, 45˚C in vertical reactor continuously. The struvite precipitate was filtered and dried, it is analyzed by XRF to determine the struvite composition and SEM to determine the morphology of the struvite. The results showed that the best percentage of phosphate and ammonium was at 45˚C and pH 9.5, it was 33.2% and 27.9%.
Pengolahan Bittern Sebagai Pembentuk Pupuk Struvite Menggunakan Reaktor Sekat Secara Sinambung Herdiana Septiani; Nikmatuz Zahra; Sutiyono; Luluk Edahwati
Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Badan Kerja Sama Pendidikan Metalurgi dan Material (BKPMM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Waste salt or bittern is the residual liquid from the salt formation which can not be precipitated again or also can be obtained from the washing water remaining in the purification process. Bittern contains salt such as MgCl2, MgSO4, KCl, and Br2. From the various minerals contained in the bittern, one of the minerals used as the basic ingredient of making struvite fertilizer, named Magnesium. Bittern has not been utilized significantly, this has become one of the goals and benefits of our research, which is making struvite fertilizer using salt waste, which will add up to it’s economic value. Struvite mineral can also be applied in agriculture such as raw material fertilizer, because struvite fertilizer is very beneficial for the growth and development of the plant. The most beneficial characteristic of struvite fertilizer is the slow release of nutrients so it will lessen fertilizer application on plants. Struvite has a very small solubility in water that is 0.02 gr / 100 ml at 0 ºC. Struvite solution (MAP) can be formed from phosphoric acid, ammonium hydroxide, and bittern or salt waste as a source of magnesium with a molar ratio of 2: 1: 1. PH variations carried out include 7 to 11 and the reactor intake air velocity in the range of 0.25-1.25 l / min in a fixed column operated reactor. The resulting dry sludge was analyzed by XRD method for mineral characterization and SEM to determine the composition and morphology of the crystals..
Analysis of Air Flow Rate in Bulkhead Reactors on Struvite Mineral L Edahwati; S Sutiyono; Suprihatin
Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering Journal (BIOMEJ) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): BIOMEJ
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department at Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

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Abstract

Struvite is a white crystalline chemical known as magnesium ammonium phosphorus hexahydrate (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). Struvite is soluble in acidic conditions and slightly soluble in neutral and alkaline conditions. In industry, struvite is known as scale in pipes. Urinary stones can be called struvite because struvite crystals can form easily in the urine of animals and humans infected with ammonia organisms produced in the urine. Struvite can potentially be formed by alkaline urine and high magnesium excretion due to a high magnesium plant- based diet. The formation of struvite minerals is carried out in an insulated reactor by mixing a solution of MgCl2, NH4OH, and H3PO4 in a ratio of 1:1:1. The treatment of struvite mineral formation was carried out with a feed inlet rate of 35 ml/minute, the temperature at the reactor was carried out at 30oC while the intake air rate was carried out in the range of 0.25-1.25 liters/min. The pH of the solution was kept at a value of 9. The process was carried out until a steady state was reached. The formation of struvite minerals using an insulated column reactor was obtained at conditions of pH 9, operating temperature of 30oC and air rate of 1.25L/min.
Control of Struvite (MgNH4 PO4 .6H2O) Scale Deposit in an Industrial Process Luluk Edahwati; Sutiyono; Radissa Dzaky Issafira; Ndaru Adyono; Wiliandi Saputro; Wahyu Dwi Lestari; Ahmad Khairul Faizin; Tria Puspa Sari
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Struvite or Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate (MgNH4 PO4.6H2O) is one of the precipitates generally formed in the piping system. The formation of struvite in the piping system is one of the serious problems that can cause blockages, reduced flow volume, and pipe diameter to increase maintenance and production costs. This formation of struvite scale in the industrial instrument is detrimental; however, struvite can be used as raw material for slow-release fertilizers. This study will observe the effect of pH in the range of 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, and 10 on the formation of struvite compositions, consisting of Mg, NH4, PO4, Ca, and K in the surrounding temperature of 35oC. The results of this study will be observed using visual MINTEQ software. The result shows that the most suitable pH for struvite formation is 9.5.
The Observation of Struvite (MgNH4 PO4 .6H2O) Precipitation Using Visual MINTEQ Radissa Dzaky Issafira; Luluk Edahwati; Sutiyono; Ndaru Adyono; Wiliandi Saputro; Wahyu Dwi Lestari; Ahmad Khairul Faizin; Tria Puspa Sari
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Struvite or Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate (MgNH4 PO4.6H2O) is one of the precipitates that generally form in the piping system. The formation of struvite in the piping system is one of the serious problems that can cause blockages, reduced flow volume, and pipe diameter so that it will increase maintenance and production costs. This formation of struvite scale in industrial instruments is detrimental; however, struvite can be used as raw material for slow-release fertilizers. This study will observe the effect of pH in the range of 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, and 10 on the formation of struvite compositions, consisting of Mg, NH4, PO4, Ca, and K in the surrounding temperature 35oC. The results of this study will be observed using visual MINTEQ software. The result shows that the most suitable pH for struvite formation is 9.5.
Co-Authors Achmad Fanani Adeniah Setiabudi Adhi Kamanjaya Ahmad Khairul Faizin Erwan Adi Saputro Fauziah Hilda Alvira Herdiana Septiani Herdiana Septiani Ilham Rahmat Hidayat Kartika Pratiwi L Edahwati Luluk Edahwati Luluk Edahwati Luluk Edahwati Luluk Edahwati Luluk Edahwati Luluk Edahwati Luluk Edahwati Muhammad Ikhsan Ndaru Adyono Ndaru Adyono Nikmatuz Zahra Nikmatuz Zahra Radissa Dzaky Issafira Radissa Dzaky Issafira Radissa Dzaky Issafira Rahmaniar Naulita Hutagalung Rizqi Rendri Anggriawan Rizqi Rendri Anggriawan Siti Robiatuz Zahrotun Nukhuf Suhaili Suprihatin Tria Puspa Sari Wahyu Dwi Lestari Wahyu Dwi Lestari Wiliandi Saputro Wiliandi Saputro Wiliandi Saputro