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All Journal Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences
Mukhammad Arif Hadi Khoiruddin
Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia
Health Professions

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The Effect of Shallot Peel Ethanol Extract in Reducing Kidney MDA Levels in Diazinon-induced Wistar Rats Mukhammad Arif Hadi Khoiruddin; Dina Helianti; Muhammad Hasan; Rosita Dewi; Sheilla Rachmania
Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ams.v8i2.27424

Abstract

Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide often used by farmer. The residue of diazinon may contaminate agricultural products and if accidentally consumed in a long term, may potentially led to health problems such as kidney disorders. Shallot (Allium cepa) peel was recently proposed to help recover the kidney damage due to its high flavonoid antioxidant content. This study aims to determine the antioxidant effect of shallot peel extract in reducing oxidative stress caused by diazinon with malondialdehyde (MDA) level indicator on the kidney of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). This research was a true experimental with an in-vivo posttest-only control group design. The 28 rats were divided using a simple random sampling technique. The groups were the control group (K0), the diazinon group (K1), SPEE (Shallot Peel Ethanol Extract) groups which are P1 (300 mg/kg BW), P2 (600 mg/kg BW), P3 (900 mg/kg BW), P4 (1200 mg/kg BW) and P5 (2400 mg/kg BW). At the end of the study, the MDA kidney levels was analysed using the TBARS method. Effective doses were found in 600 mg/kg BW/day, 900 mg/kg BW/day, 1200 mg/kg BW/day, and 2400 mg/kg BW/day. The optimal dose of shallot peel extract in this study was 600 mg/kg BW/day. This study showed the effectiveness of shallot peel extract in reducing kidney MDA levels in diazinon-induced Wistar rats. Keywords: shallot peel, diazinon, kidney MDA level
Anticholinergic Syndrome Due to Cetirizine Overdose: Case Report Irawan Fajar Kusuma; Mukhammad Arif Hadi Khoiruddin; Yusi Windya Febriyanti
Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences Vol 10 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ams.v10i2.44078

Abstract

Anticholinergic toxicity can be the result of antihistamines use. Anticholinergic toxicity is pretty rare in second-generation antihistamines such as cetirizine. Using cetirizine in unreasonable doses will cause side effects. We report cetirizine intoxication due to overdose. A girl, 16 years-old came in with chief complaint syncope at school after consuming 5-6 tablets of cetirizine. The patient was being sent to the primary health center and experienced vomiting. Other symptoms experienced when the patient is conscious, such as nausea, dizziness, and dry mouth. On physical examination, it was found that both of the patient's eyes were dry, with a heart rate of 105 beats per minute. We examined liver function and kidney function tests, which showed that BUN, serum creatinine, SGOT, and SGPT levels were within normal limits. Symptoms that arise due to antihistamine toxicity include vasodilation and redness of the skin, anhidrosis, lack of sweat production, hyperthermia, mydriasis, hallucinations, delirium, and urinary retention. Antihistamines are anticholinergics that work as antimuscarinics. The action of cetirizine on M1, M2, and M3 receptors affects clinical manifestations of the patients. Cetirizine can also induce hepatic and renal toxicity. Understanding the dosage and use of cetirizine is necessary to prevent unwanted events and side effects. Keyword: cetirizine overdose, anticholinergic syndrome
Co-Authors Dina Helianti Irawan Fajar Kusuma Muhammad Hasan Rosita Dewi Sheilla Rachmania Yusi Windya Febriyanti