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Surajiman Perkasa
Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Penegakan Hukum Mengenai Hak Asasi Manusia Menurut Hukum Yang Ada Di Indonesia Wahyu Wibowo; Yusuf Setyadi; Surajiman Surajiman
JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC AND LAW STUDIES Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Antasari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (520.835 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/jils.v5i2.5791

Abstract

Abstract: This journal discussing enforcement of law regarding human rights in Indonesia according to UU Number 39 in 1999. Reason of choosing this title is condition of law enforcement until now related to human right in Indonesia has not been fully applied. Main problems in this article are: the way judicial applicating of the law to human rights violations in Indonesia; the institutions that presecutes human rights violators; meaning of settlement used for variation of human right violations in Indonesia that was indicated by law number 26 in 2006, containing human right courts and mentioning ad hoc courts used to judge human right violators. To resolve human rights cases that occurred in the territory of Indonesia, namely through the ad hoc court when the occurrence of human rights beore law number 26 in 2000. It law concern human rights court and the process of resolving. These human rights could also be resolved by alternative settlements through Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi that has been established before. In this article, author use normative research which used descriptive methodology with normatif judicial approach based on valid law and regulations in Indonesia. Abstrak:Kajian mengenai penegakan hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia sebagian menggunakan undang-undang nomor 39 tahun 1999. Sejak Indonesia secara hukum berdiri dengan pelbagai perubahan perundang-undangan, beberapa pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal. Penulis akan mengelaborasi lebih jauh mengenai penegakan hukum Hak Asasi Manusia berdasarkan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia dengan beberapa subjek permasalahan, yaitu cara penerapan hukum dalam pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia, Kelembagaan dan wewenangnya dalam penegakan pelanggaannya, serta sarana yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan kasus pelanggaran Hak Asasi Mnusia di Indonesia. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan hukum teradap pelanggar HAM di Indonesia mengikuti Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 mengenai pengadilan HAM, yang berisi ihwal pengadilan ad hoc yang digunakan untuk mengadili pelanggar Hak Asasi Manusia di wilayah Indonesia. Sebelum undang-undang ini, pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia diselesaikan melalui peradilan HAM atau Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metodologi penelitian normatif, yaitu melalui penjelasan deskritptif dengan pendekatan yuridis melalui peraturan dan regulasi yang berlaku. 
Penegakan Hukum Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan (Studi Kasus: Perusakan Masjid Ahmadiyah di Kab. Sintang, Prov. Kalimantan Barat) Krismanko Padang; Surajiman Surajiman
JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC AND LAW STUDIES Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Antasari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (535.906 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/jils.v5i2.5796

Abstract

Abstrak: Pentingnya kebebasan memeluk agama dan berkeyakinan bagi warga negara telah termuat dalam ideologi Pancasila dan ketentuan konstitusinya. Para founding fathers (pendiri bangsa) Indonesia sepakat untuk tidak menjadikan salah-satu agama tertentu sebagai landasan berbangsa dan bernegara. Kebebasan beragama sudah diatur secara jelas dalam konstitusi dan perundangan nasional Indonesia, tetapi ternyata masih banyak kasus pelanggaran HAM disebabkan pembatasn hak-hak kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan, baik yang dilakukan oleh aktor non-pemerintah maupun pemerintah. Gangguan terhadap pelaksanaan kebebasan beragama juga dialami oleh masyarakat dengan merusak rumah ibadahnya. Hal ini terjadi pada masyarakat Ahmadiyah. Masjid Miftahul Huda yang termasuk tempat peribadatan oleh jemaat Ahmadiyah dirusak dan dibakar oleh masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan dan menganalisis proses penegakan hukum hak asasi manusia terhadap kasus kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan. Analisis yag digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah analisis kualitatif dengan mengambil bahan hukum primer dan hukum sekunder. Bahan hukum primer terdiri dari bahan hukum yang mengikat dan kaidah dasar, yaitu Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan kebebasan beragama. Penegakan dan pembelaan hukum sudah dilakukan terhadap JAI. Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Pontianak memutus terdakwa kasus perusakan masjid Ahmadiyah di Sintang, Kalimantan Barat. Mereka divonis empat bulan, lima belas hari penjara. Tim advokasi kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan merasa janggal dengan putusan majelis hakim. Menurut Tim Advokasi yang melakukan pembelaan, kejanggalan persidangan terjadi ketika mendengarkan keterangan saksi dari Ahmadiyah, karena persidangan justru berubah menjadi persidangan keyakinan. Itu ditunjukkan dari dominan pertanyaan Jaksa Penuntut Umum berkenaan dengan keyakinan Ahmadiyah..Abstract: Significance of freedom of religion and believing for citizens has been contained in the ideology of Pancasila and the provisions of its constitution. The founding fathers (founders of the nation) Indonesia agreed not to make one particular religion the foundation of the nation and state. Freedom of religion has been clearly regulated in the Indonesian constitution and national laws, but it turns out that there are still many cases of human rights violations caused by restrictions on the rights to freedom of religion and belief, both by non-government actors and the government. The community also experienced disturbances in the implementation of religious freedom by destroying their houses of worship. This happened to the Ahmadiyya community. The Miftahul Huda Mosque, which is a place of worship by the Ahmadiyya congregation, was damaged and burned by the local community. This study aims to reveal and analyze the process of enforcing human rights law on cases of freedom of religion and belief. The analysis used in this study is a qualitative analysis by taking primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials consist of binding legal materials and basic rules, namely the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the 1945 Constitution, and Legislation relating to the protection of religious freedom. Law enforcement and defense have been carried out against JAI. The panel of judges at the Pontianak District Court decided the defendant in the case of the destruction of the Ahmadiyah mosque in Sintang, West Kalimantan. They were sentenced to four months, fifteen days in prison. The advocacy team for freedom of religion and belief felt odd about the judge's decision. According to the Advocacy Team who carried out the defense, the trial's irregularity occurred when hearing witness statements from Ahmadiyah, because the trial turned into a conviction trial. It is shown from the dominant question of the Public Prosecutor regarding the Ahmadiyya belief
Penegakan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (Ham) Berat Dalam Politik Hukum Di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Timor Timur Ozi Saputra; Surajiman Surajiman
JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC AND LAW STUDIES Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Antasari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (517.458 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/jils.v5i2.5789

Abstract

Abstract: Inti dari Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM)  merupakan  upaya  menjaga  keselamatan eksistensi   manusia   secara   utuh   melalui   aksi   keseimbangan   antara   kepentingan perseorangan  dengan  kepentingan  umum. Salah satu kasus pelanggaran HAM berat di Indonesia adalah kasus di Timor-Timur, yang telah mendorong dunia internasional agar dibentuk peradilan internasional (international tribunal) bagi para pelakunya. Desakan untuk adanya peradilan internasional khususnya bagi pelanggaran HAM yang berat yang terjadi di Timor-Timur semakin menguat bahkan Komisi Tinggi PBB mengeluarkan ketentuan agar mengungkapkan kemungkinan terjadinya pelanggaran HAM berat di Timor-Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat penegakan pelanggaran HAM di Timor Timur dalam hukum politik Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dari kasus Timor Timur banyak para terdakwa yang menjadi konstitusi atau undang-undang sebagai tameng hukum. Disisi lain, proses pengadilan yang lambat bahkan tertunda merupakan hasil dari faktor-faktor perangkat dan sistem hukum yang tidak dibangun secara serius, sehingga membuktikan bahwa saat itu pemerinta bekerja bukan berdasarkan kesadara, namun karena menguat atau melemahnya tekanan publik.Abstract: The essence of Human Rights (HAM) is an effort to maintain the safety of human existence as a whole through a balance between individual interests and public interests. One of the cases of gross human rights violations in Indonesia is the case in East Timor, which has prompted the international community to establish an international tribunal for the perpetrators. The urge for an international tribunal, especially for the gross human rights violations that occurred in East Timor, is getting stronger and even the UN High Commission has issued a provision to disclose the possibility of serious human rights violations in East Timor. The purpose of this study is to examine the enforcement of human rights violations in East Timor in Indonesian political law. The results of this study indicate that in the East Timor case, many of the defendants became the constitution or laws as legal shields. On the other hand, the slow and even delayed judicial process was the result of factors and the legal system that was not developed seriously, thus proving that at that time the government worked not based on awareness, but because of the strengthening or weakening of public pressure
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PENYIDIK POLRI DALAM PENGUNGKAPAN TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK PEMBELIAN TERSELUBUNG Kumbul Kusdwidjanto Sudjadi; Surajiman Surajiman
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): AGUSTUS
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (412.641 KB)

Abstract

In disclosing narcotics crime cases, Polri investigators have various techniques and one of them is to carry out investigative actions with the technique of buying narcotics in disguise (undercover buy). This is also regulated in Article 75 letter (j) of Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning narcotics which states that in the context of conducting an investigation, investigators are given the authority to carry out covert purchase investigation techniques and delivery under supervision. This covert buying technique allows investigators to directly enter the narcotics distribution network and investigators can play a role as part of the narcotics distribution network. In practice, this hidden buying technique must be done carefully, because it is risky and can endanger the life safety of investigators who go undercover, and even threaten their families. The approach used in this study is an empirical juridical approach. The data used are secondary data and primary data. All data and materials obtained from the research results were compiled and analyzed qualitatively, and presented in a qualitative descriptive form. From the results of the research and discussion, it was concluded that Polri investigators in carrying out covert purchasing techniques in an effort to eradicate narcotics crimes basically received legal protection from the state through the provisions contained in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. In addition, protection for the implementation of covert purchasing techniques is also basically protected by Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police. In the implementation of covert purchasing techniques for the disclosure of narcotics crime cases, of course it is not easy and many obstacles and obstacles are faced, both internally and externally. Internally, starting from the inadequate capabilities and skills of human resources, budget support is not fully supported, facilities and infrastructure are not supported, to the methods used in the implementation of covert purchases are not carried out optimally and leaks often occur. Meanwhile externally, such as the existence of legal regulations that require arresting witnesses, in this case Polri investigators, to be present at court hearings, community participation that is pessimistic, ignorant, does not dare to report, there is terror against the families of Polri investigators and also leaks in the implementation of activities due to networks and support. a stronger budget for narcotics crime network syndicates in Indonesia.
PERANAN FILSAFAT HUKUM DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN Muh. Rizal R. Dekol; Surajiman Perkasa
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): FEBRUARI
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

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Abstract

This paper intends to deepen the study of the role of Legal Philosophy in realizing justice. However, if there is a question of fairness, it cannot be determined what steps are used to determine whether something is fair or not. Various answers about justice are usually never or rarely satisfactory, so they continue to be debated, so it can be concluded that various formulations of justice are relative statements. This problem ultimately encourages many people to take shortcuts by leaving the formulation or justice to legislators and judges who will formulate it based on their own considerations.
FILSAFAT ISLAM NUSANTARA DAN MANIFESTASI KEARIFAN LOKAL Andre Saputra; Surajiman Perkasa
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): MEI
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

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Islam Nusantara is a model of thinking, understanding and practicing Islamic teachings packaged through considerations of culture or traditions that developed in the Southeast Asian region (but this study is limited to Indonesia). Thus reflecting a methodological nuanced Islamic identity. When this identity was socialized among Muslims, especially its thoughts, it was responded with controversial responses: there were those who rejected the Nusantara Islamic identity because there was only one Islam, namely Islam taught by the Prophet. On the other hand, many Islamic thinkers accept the archipelago's Islamic identity. For them, there is only one Islam that is substantively correct, but its expressions are very diverse, including Islam Nusantara. This Islam is displayed (thought, understood and practiced) through a cultural approach. The result gave birth to models of thought, understanding and practice of Islamic teachings that are friendly, moderate, inclusive, tolerant, peace-loving, harmonious and respect diversity. This kind of Islamic diversity occurs because of the encounter of Islam with local culture, especially Java, which is commonly called cultural acculturation. Indonesian Islam should be an example of such a way of Islam. This soothing Islamic model needs to be published internationally and is expected to be able to abort the world's perception that Islam is full of violence.
HUBUNGAN FILSAFAT ILMU DENGAN FILSAFAT HUKUM DAN DAMPAK KEMAJUAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI Musa Musa; Surajiman Surajiman
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): MEI
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

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On the one hand, the philosophy of science can be used as a basis for making legal theory. In this case, legal theory is deliberately designed to be more applicable and able to answer questions of justice in society. Philosophy of science can be the basis for contemplation or thinking strictly, in depth about considering the values behind legal phenomena as can be observed by human senses regarding human actions and social habits. Considering that the object of the philosophy of science is knowledge, the problems or questions discussed by the philosophy of science are related to the benefits of knowledge itself.
Co-Authors Andre Saputra Krismanko Padang Kumbul Kusdwidjanto Sudjadi Muh. Rizal R. Dekol Musa Musa Ozi Saputra Wahyu Wibowo Yusuf Setyadi