S. Wulandari, S.
Department of Animal Science, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jl. Mastrip, PO BOX 164 Jember

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EFFECT OF FERMENTED CACAO POD SUPPLEMENTATION ON SHEEP RUMEN MICROBIAL FERMENTATION Wulandari, S.; Agus, A.; Cahyanto, M. N.; Utomo, R.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 3 (2014): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.3.167-174

Abstract

The objective of this research was to improve beneficial value of cacao pod as sheep feedingredients comprising up to 50% total feed. This research was conducted in two stages. Stage 1 wascacao pod fermentation. Completely randomized design with 3x3 factorial patterns was used in thisstage, in which factor I was microbial inoculum dosage of 0%, 0.05% and 0.1% and factor II wasincubation period of 0, 3 and 6 days. Result demonstrated that six-day fermentation with 0.05%microbial inoculum could lower cacao NDF, ADF and theobromine. The optimum inoculum dosage andfermentation time from stage 1 was applied to stage 2. Stage 2 was rumen microbial fermentation test.This research administrated 3x3 of latin square design. In period I sheep were fed with CF0 (nonfermentedcomplete feed), in period II sheep were given CF 1 (complete feed containing fermentedcacao pod) and in period III sheep were given CF2 (fermented complete feed based cacao pod). Resultdemonstrated that pH value of sheep microbial liquid in treatment of CF0, CF1 and CF2 was in normalpH range and did not affect volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia. In conclusion, supplementing up to 50% of feed with complete feed containing fermented or non-fermented cacao pod did not affect theprocess of rumen microbial fermentation.
Markov Analysis of Water Discharge as an Indicator of Surface Water Security of the Bandung Basin Wulandari, S.; Sabar, A.; Setiadi, T.; Kurniawan, B.
Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia Vol 10, No 4 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan IPA Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (FMIPA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpii.v10i4.28974

Abstract

Water security is the fulfillment of access to adequate and sustainable water needs (quantity and quality) for the growth of human and ecosystem life and the ability to reduce risks associated with water. By knowing the water security of an area, efforts to conserve, utilize, control destructive force, develop information systems and participate in the community can be assessed to what extent and how the management has been carried out. The purpose of this research is to formulate the amount of water availability per capita (quantity) of surface water and to determine the quantity of the worst water quality at a critical time (the worst quantity) to be used as a reference in determining the amount of water resistance for development. The only observed water quality was the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) organic pollutant value in the dry year in the dry season using the Markov Chain Method. Water security in the Bandung Basin is currently classified as bad (rare) because the water availability index figures only indicate 174 m3 per capita per year (quantity). Meanwhile, data on the quality value of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) pollutants in dry years (R5) of 129 mg/l and very dry years (R10) of 112 mg/l which has also exceeded the class I quality standard of PP No. 22/2021 ( 2 mg/l) regarding water quality management and pollution control which is designated for raw water needs drinking water. Changing water use patterns and promoting effective implementation of integrated water resources management are essential strategies for increasing water security in Indonesia.