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Pena Tajam Patriot Muda: Peran Intelektual Burhanudin Mohamad Diah pada Masa Revolusi (1945-1949) Muhammad Miqdad Rojab Munigar; Andi Suwirta; Wildan Insan Fauzi
FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Vol 11, No 1 (2022): Pembelajaran Sejarah di tengah Pandemi bagian 2
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan APPS (Asosiasi Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/factum.v11i1.44614

This study is aims to explain Burhanudin Mohamad Diah (B.M. Diah) regarding his role, views, ideas, impact and responses toward his ideas during the Indonesia Revolusition in 1945 – 1949. This article is using historical method which consists of several steps, including: source search (heuristic), source criticism (internal and eksternal), interpretation and historigraphy. The result of this study indicating that during B.M. Diah’s journey as a journalist and politician, he gained a lot of experience while in school. During Indonesia revolution B.M. Diah has consistently expressed his four views and ideas through editorial header on Merdeka daily using alias Dr. Clenik. The four involved, the first is people unitarism that 100% independence within the framework of uniti is the will of the people. The second is the skepticism of the political manipulation carried bu the Ducth. Third, nationalism and identity crisis becoming phenomenom in Indonesia at the time. Fourth, there are also latent socialist in Indonesia B.M. Diah view’s, who was similar to the Partai Nasional Indonesia, had a fairly large impact on Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat, and B.M. Diah had a bear various responeses as a consequence of his political activities and publications.

Kromo Tani Melawan: Haji Misbach dan Aksi Protes Kaum Tani Surakarta Tahun 1919 Muhammad Bagus Saefiyansyah Putra; Andi Suwirta
FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Vol 11, No 2 (2022): Materi Sejarah untuk Pembelajaran Sejarah
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan APPS (Asosiasi Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/factum.v11i2.13456

This writing examines the role of Haji Misbach and its relation to the peasant's protest in Surakarta in 1919. Between 1918-1919 Haji Misbach was an active member of NIP (Nationaal Indische Partij), also called Insulinde or Sarekat Hindia, along with Tjipro Mangoenkoesoemo and Soewardi Soerjaningrat. He also represented Nyonya Vogel as a leader of the NIP branch in Surakarta. Haji Misbach as a propagandist of NIP had a significant role in the emergence of peasant protests in Surakarta around May 1919. He organized peasants in Surakarta into the krings, under NIP, based on the villages where the peasants lived. Therefore Misbach's intention in organizing the peasants was to unify them, peasants, to struggle against the oppression from the capitalist and colonial government. He not only organized, but he also reminded it is readers about how essential unity was. Besides, through Islam Bergerak, toward the peasant's protest in Surakarta, it published a caricature that clearly illustrates the power relation between the capitalist to the oppressed peasants. When it came out, the accusation of Misbach was inevitable. Even though they did not directly give orders to the peasants to protest, the organization of the peasants and propaganda efforts toward the protest had considerable influence. So this article, which illustrates the relationship between the action and propaganda of Haji Misbach to the peasant protest in Surakarta, would support the Author's past writing in his thesis At the Department of History Education in the Indonesia University of Education.

Perlawanan Kwee Kek Beng dalam Rubrik Hindia And Holland Dan Djamblang Kotjok Pada Surat Kabar Sin Po (1923-1960) Jihan Jauhar Nafisah; Andi Suwirta
FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Pembelajaran Sejarah ditengah Pandemi
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan APPS (Asosiasi Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/factum.v10i2.38973

This article aims to describe the aspirations of the figure Kwee Kek Beng who is known as an opinion maker in the history of the press movement in Indonesia in 1923-1960. The problem that will be studied in this article is: "How is Kwee Kek Beng's effort in advancing the Sin Po newspaper, especially in Advancing the Sin Po Newspaper with Articles / Rubrics?" In the writing process, the writer uses historical methods in the form of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography with an interdisciplinary approach. Based on the research results, in the process of developing the press movement in Indonesia, Kwee Kek Beng managed to become an opinion maker in Indonesia through his various controversial writings. Evidence of this is the exposure of Kwee Kek Beng to a press offense, the banning of the Sin Po newspaper. In his writings, Kwee Kek Beng conveyed various aspirations and concerns of the people towards the government, especially in the years 1923-1960. This shows the importance of the role of the mass media in an effort to voice the voice of the people as part of a means of resistance against colonialism.

Khalifah Mu’awiyah bin Abu Sufyan : Peletak Dasar Pemerintahan Islam Monarki 661 - 680 M Abdul Aziz Nashiruddin; andi suwirta
FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Vol 9, No 1 (2020): Model-Model Pembelajaran Sejarah
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan APPS (Asosiasi Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/factum.v9i1.23085

This study entitled “Mu’awiyah bin Abu Sufyan who became the pioneer of Monarchical Islamic government in the period 661-680 AD”. The issue background was because Mu’awiyah bin Abu Sufyan became the prominent pioneer in changing the Islamic government to a monarchic system that had never been applied in the Islamic Caliphate before. The main problem raised is “Why did Mu’awiyah change the Islamic caliphate to a monarchical system?” The method used is a historical research method by conducting four steps of research namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of the study can be explained including before there was a change in the Islamic government system to the monarchy. During the reign of Khulafaur Rashidun, the government system adopted by the Islamic caliphate was based on democracy. Mu’awiyah as the caliph subsequently faced many problems, from disputes between companion of prophet Muhammad SAW to wars that occurred due to internal problems, and decided to change the system of government to a monarchy. In the early days of Mu’awiyah’s leadership, he formed a governmental order to rebuild the Islamic caliphate from the destruction of internal conflict. Mu’awiyah’s leadership was more or less twenty years, in contrast to the previous caliphs Mu’awiyah handed over the power of the caliphate to Yazid bin Mu’awiyah. Determination of the crown prince impacted the caliphates thereafter, which changed the caliphate of Islam with a democratic system of monarchy.

Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi Mempertahankan Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia tahun 1945-1947 Andhika Aditya; Andi Suwirta
FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Kearifan Lokal dan Pembelajaran Sejarah
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan APPS (Asosiasi Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/factum.v12i1.23501

Artikel ini berjudul “Peranan Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi Dalam Mempertahankan Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945-1947”. Penelitian ini akan menjelaskan mengenai peran Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang peranan Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi dalam memperthankan kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia pada tahun 1945-1947, dari pembentukan, perkembangan, hingga peleburan dengan TNI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode historis seperti pencarian sumber, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Konsep-konsep dan landasan teori yang digunakan yaitu Laskar Rakyat, Revolusi Indonesia dan Teori Konflik. Penulis menggunakan teknik penelitian studi literature dan wawancara. Temuan dalam artikel ini adalah, pada tahun 1945 dibentuk Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi oleh Angkut Abu Gozali dan K.H. Noer Ali di Tambun, pembentukan tersebut merupakan tindak lanjut dari para alumni pendidikan Laskar Hizbullah yang dilakukan di Cibarusah dari bulan Februari hingga Mei 1945. Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi mempunyai struktur Angkut Abu Gozali (Komandan Resimen IV Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi), H. Usman Lemahabang (Komandan Batalyon I Lemahabang), Abdullah Syair (Komandan Batalyon II Pondok Ungu, dan Kiai Noer Ali (Komandan Batalyon III Ujung Malang), masing-masing batalyon membawahi beberapa kompi. Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi beranggotakan para pemuda yang memiliki latarbelakang santri dan jawara. Dari tahun 1945-1947, di Bekasi banyak terjadi beberapa pertempuran yang melibatkan Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi menghadapi serangan pasukan Sekutu. Hal tersebut memperlihatkan bahawa Laskar Hizbullah Bekasi merupakan salah satu badan perjuangan kelaskaran yang berperan penting dalam mempertahankan kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia tahun 1945-1947.

TEUNGKU MUHAMMAD DAUD BEUREUEH DAN REVOLUSI DI ACEH (1945-1950) Bambang Satriya; Andi Suwirta; Ayi Budi Santosa
FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Vol 7, No 1 (2018): Sejarah Lokal dan Pembelajaran di Sekolah
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan APPS (Asosiasi Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/factum.v7i1.11925

This research was distributed by attractions of authors to Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh the leader with big influence when the revolution happened in Aceh. The main issues studied in this research is “How was Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh’s role in defending the independence of Indonesian Republic in Aceh 1945-1950?”. This study uses historical method which includes four steps: 1) Heuristics, 2) Criticism, 3) Interpretation, 4) Historiography. Based on the result, the political and socio-economic conditions in Aceh after the independence of Indonesian Republic was unstable. The role of Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh in Peristiwa Cumbok gave the awareness to local government to give more attention in this horizontal conflict and he instructing to mobilize the troops to attack the uleebalang clan in Pidie. He also stopped the Tentara Perjuangan Rakyat (TPR) movement who headed by Husin Al Mujahid. As the Military Governor of Aceh, Langkat, and Tanah Karo, Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh can merged the paramilitary organizations into TNI organization, he also the inisiator who collected the cost to buy an airplane for Indonesian government, and he can stopped the Sayid Ali movement. Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh rejected the merging of Aceh into the Sumatera Utara Province and this case made his disappointed to the center government and also Soekarno.

KIPRAH SUDHARMONO DALAM SEJARAH GOLONGAN KARYA (1983-1988) Adisthy Regina; Andi Suwirta
FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Sejarah Dunia dan Peran Tokoh
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan APPS (Asosiasi Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/factum.v7i2.15600

The main problem discussed in this study, “how was the role of Sudharmono in leading the Golongan Karya (1983-1988)”. The research method used was the historical method including heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Based on result’s study, Sudharmono was Soeharto’s right-hand man in New Order’s era. This proven with the candidacy of Sudharmono as Golkar Chairman from 1983-1988, that was directly elected by Soeharto. Sudharmono was a figure who contributed to Golkar’s progress in the New Order (1983-1988). Sudharmono was a Chairman from civilian,however, he could take Golkar to maximum advancement. These advancements were made because Sudharmono had taken formal and non-formal education with tremendously well. His great accomplishments made Sudharmono become a figurewho could work more. Sudharmono has made Golkar better through his policy called Tri Sukses Golkar, such as Sukses Konsolidasi, Sukses Repelita IV and Sukses Pemilu 1987, as well as General Assembly of MPR 1988. The policy that made by Sudharmonohave connectedness because if consolidation succeeded, it would affect success for other policy namely Repelita and the General Election of 1987. A great victory of Golkar in General Election of 1987, had succeeded made Sudharmono became the Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia in 1988. This accomplishment became a threat to Soeharto because he could replace him from the presidency position. To prevent such action, Soeharto forbade Sudharmono to proposed back to became Golkar’s Chairman for 1988-1993 period.

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