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Monitoring Water Quality Using Biotic Indices of Benthic Macroinvertebrates along Surfaces Water Ecosystems in Some Tourism Areas in East Java, Indonesia Retno Wimbaningrum; Serafinah Indriyani; Catur Retnaningdyah; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The research aimed to monitor surface water quality by using water quality index NSF-WQI and accurate biotic index of benthic macroinvertebrate. This study was conducted in September to November 2012 in some water tourism destinations in three regencies, i.e. Jember (three sites), Pasuruan (one site), and Malang (one site), East Java, Indonesia. Each site consisted of three stations (upstream, middlestream and downstream). Reference upstream and middlestream were located in the Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP) Jember. Water quality and benthic macroinvertebrates sampling were conducted in each site. While physical-chemical data consisted of TDS, DO, pH, NO3-N, TP and temperature were analyzed to determine the NSF-WQI index. Macrozoobenthic data were analyzed to determine three diversity indices and 11 biotic indices. Results showed that based on parameter of DO, TP, NO3-N, TDS and pH, water quality in downstreams were generally lower than upstreams. Upstream to middlestreams of two sites in Jember were good to excellent based on NSF-WQI water quality and biotic indices. Therefore, the water were qualified as drinking water resources and also served as safe recreational water. The accurate biotic indices to surface water quality in this study were % EPT, ASPT, HBI, FBI and % Gastropodes.Keywords: biotic indices, benthic macroinvertebrates, water quality index, water tourisms destination

Effect of Cell Density and Benzyl Amino Purine on the Growth of Somatic Embryo of Citrus Mandarin Batu 55 (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) in Liquid Culture Nawafila Februyani; Wahyu Widoretno; Serafinah Indriyani
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Citrus mandarin Batu 55 (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) is one of Indonesian fruits commodities that have high economic value and consumers demand. The propagation of citrus mandarin by plant tissue culture generally was carried out on solid medium. The liquid culture system could increase cell multiplication therefore it became alternative method of plant propagation through somatic embryogenesis. The effect of initial cell density and Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) concentration in liquid media were investigated. The initial cells density and right concentration of BAP given in media can increase cell proliferation of somatic embryo in liquid culture. Globular somatic embryo were cultured on Murashige and Tucker media with initial cell density 4, 6, 8 and 10 mgL-1 and BAP 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mgL-1. Growth evaluation of somatic embryo were obtained by weighing fresh and dry weight every 2 weeks for 8 weeks for initial cell density treatment and 6 weeks of BAP treatment. The result of the research showed that cell density affect the growth of somatic embryo of citrus mandarin. Somatic embryo with low cell density showed slower growth compared than high cell density. Peak growth occured in 6th cultured with cell density 10 mgL-1. In addition to cell density, the growth of somatic embryo in liquid culture was affected by BAP. The growth of somatic embryo on the media containing BAP showed better results than without BAP. The highest BAP concentration on media showed fresh and dry weight of somatic embryo increased. In this research, growth of somatic embryo is not optimal yet because fresh and dry weights of somatic embryo still increase with high concentration 0.75 mgL-1 of BAP.Keywords: Benzyl Amino Purine, cell density, citrus mandarin, liquid medium, somatic embryo.

Water and Chlorophyll Content and Leaf Anatomy of Patchouli Planlet (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Resulted by Shoot-tip Culture Experience Hyperhydricity after Treatment of Modification Ammonium nitrate or Macro salt Concentration on MS medium (Murashige Skoog) Aisyah Rahmawati Zen; Wahyu Widoretno; Serafinah Indriyani
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Hyperhydricity is a symptom of abnormal morphological and physiological function which inhibits the regeneration of plantlets. In general, the main symptom of hyperhydricity is a change in the condition of the plantlets which looks clear (Glassy) as a result of low levels of chlorophyll, the high water content in the plantlets, and the abnormal anatomical structure of the leaves. Hyperhydricity can be controlled by reducing cytokinin concentration, increasing gelling agent concentration, and reducing ammonium nitrate and macro salt concentration on medium. Objective of this research was to reduce hyperhydricity in shoot tip culture of patchouli by modification of ammonium nitrate and macro salt concentration on MS medium. The various treatment concentrations of ammonium nitrate were 0 mg.L-1 (0), 41.25 mg.L-1 (¼ concentration), 825 mg.L-1 (½ concentration), 1650 mg.L-1 (1 concentration) and macro salt MS with 0, ¼ MS, ½ MS, MS with 5 replications. Hyperhydricity on patchouli shoots could be lowered, as indicated by the decrease in water content from 96% to 90-91%, the increase in total chlorophyll content, and the increased number of palisade cells and stomata on the leaf treatment outcome. The concentration treatment of ammonium nitrate showed better results than the concentration of macros salt in increasing the total chlorophyll content, but it did not differ significantly in lowering water levels and increasing the number of palisade cells and stomata. ¼x concentration treatment of ammonium nitrate could increase chlorophyll content of 0.16 to 0.97 mg.g-1, but MS with 1x concentration showed the best result in the increase of number of palisade cells and stomata of the leaves. Keywords: Ammonium nitrate, Hyperhydricity, Macro Salt, Shoot-tip culture.

Effect of Benzyl Adenine Concentration on Callus Induction of Geranium Plants (Pelargonium graveolens L'Her) from Petiole and Leaf Explants Moch Faizul Huda; Serafinah Indriyani; Wahyu Widoretno
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Geranium plant (Pelargonium graveolens L'Her) is one of the geranium oil producing plants that has many benefits. Callus culture is a technique that can be used to plant multiplication and increase production of secondary metabolites. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of Benzyl Adenine on the formation of geranium callus from petiole and leaf explants. Callus induction was carried out by culturing petiole and leaf explants on MS medium + 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA + Benzyl Adenine (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2 mg.L-1). Callus morphological parameters, percentage of callus formation, and time of first callus formation were observed. The formation of geranium callus influenced by the explant type and the concentration of Benzyl Adenine. In the 2nd week, the geranium callus was initiated, light green colored with a compact callus texture. At 4th week, the percentage of callus formation containing NAA 0.1 mg.L-1 of petiole and leaf explants was 20% and 8%, whereas the percentage of callus formation on medium containing 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA combined with 0.5-2 mg.L-1 Benzyl Adenine of petiole and leaf explants was 52-80% and 24-52%. The best percentage of callus formation was found on the culture medium containing 1 mg.L-1 Benzyl Adenine, equaled 80% of petiole explants, and 52% of leaf explants. Keywords: BA, Callus, Leaf, Petiole, Pelargonium graveolens L'Her.

Monitoring Water Quality Using Biotic Indices of Benthic Macroinvertebrates along Surfaces Water Ecosystems in Some Tourism Areas in East Java, Indonesia Retno Wimbaningrum; Serafinah Indriyani; Catur Retnaningdyah; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jitode.2016.004.02.06

The research aimed to monitor surface water quality by using water quality index NSF-WQI and accurate biotic index of benthic macroinvertebrate. This study was conducted in September to November 2012 in some water tourism destinations in three regencies, i.e. Jember (three sites), Pasuruan (one site), and Malang (one site), East Java, Indonesia. Each site consisted of three stations (upstream, middlestream and downstream). Reference upstream and middlestream were located in the Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP) Jember. Water quality and benthic macroinvertebrates sampling were conducted in each site. While physical-chemical data consisted of TDS, DO, pH, NO3-N, TP and temperature were analyzed to determine the NSF-WQI index. Macrozoobenthic data were analyzed to determine three diversity indices and 11 biotic indices. Results showed that based on parameter of DO, TP, NO3-N, TDS and pH, water quality in downstreams were generally lower than upstreams. Upstream to middlestreams of two sites in Jember were good to excellent based on NSF-WQI water quality and biotic indices. Therefore, the water were qualified as drinking water resources and also served as safe recreational water. The accurate biotic indices to surface water quality in this study were % EPT, ASPT, HBI, FBI and % Gastropodes.Keywords: biotic indices, benthic macroinvertebrates, water quality index, water tourisms destination

The Effect of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) on The In Vitro Shoot Regeneration of Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides [L.] Nash) Wahyu Widoretno; Serafinah Indriyani
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 10 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2020.010.03.01

Production of vetiver in Indonesia is low, and its oil quality is not in line with market demand due to the low quality of plant raw materials. In vitro mutagenesis using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) has the potential to produce superior vetiver variants. This study aimed to determine the effect of EMS on the growth and shoot formation of in vitro vetiver plants. In vitro mutagenesis was performed by culturing in vitro shoots on MS medium containing EMS with various concentrations (0.02; 0.04; 0.06; 0.08; 0.1%) for 4 weeks. The results showed that the addition of 0.02-0.1% EMS to the medium affected on in vitro shoot growth and the ability to form new shoots. EMS increased the percentage of dead explants and decreased the average number of shoots, the number of shoots formed per explant, and the shoot fresh weight. The higher the EMS concentration in the medium, the smaller the percentage of survived explants and the lower ability to form new shoots with the average number of shoots formed less. The percentage of survived explants on the medium without the addition of EMS and on the medium with the addition of EMS with low concentrations of 0.02 and 0.04% reached 100% with an average number of shoots formed ranging from 8.5-10 shoots/explant. Meanwhile, the percentage of survived explants on medium with the addition of EMS with a high concentration of 0.08-0.1% was only 12.5-25% with an average number of shoots formed was less than 2 shoots/explant.Keywords: EMS, in vitro shoots, Vetiveria zizanioides.

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