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PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERTUKARAN SOSIAL (STUDI KASUS PADA PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA SUMBERARUM 2019 KECAMATAN KEREK KABUPATEN TUBAN) Ciptono Ciptono; Sugeng Pujileksono
JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL dan ILMU POLITIK Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (428.546 KB) | DOI: 10.30742/juispol.v1i1.1562

Abstract

The election of village heads (pilkades) is one of the manifestations of democracy in the village. Pilkades allows every eligible villager to have the right to choose who will lead their village. In practice, the 2019 Pilkades in Sumberarum cannot be separated from various forms of social exchange. The social exchange in question is the exchange between the candidate for the village head and the voters. The aims of this study were (1) to identify the type of social exchange in the Pilkades, (2) to find the elements of social exchange in the Pilkades, (2) to identify the arena of social exchange in the Pilkades, and (3) to identify patterns of social exchange in the Pilkades. This study uses a qualitative approach with case study research methods. The results showed that the social exchange between the candidate for the village head and the voters used the arena of mlawang, jajang, mayoran and dispatch. The types of exchange that occurred included direct exchanges and indirect exchanges. Indirect social exchange, involving botoh, elder figures, village officials and heads of community organizations. In the process of social exchange, it is unavoidable that there is an element of power. The power of the village head candidate comes from material resources, while the power of the voter comes from the ‘vote’ owned by the voters. It is this difference in sources of power that requires both parties to negotiate. This is what causes symmetrical and asymmetrical exchange patterns. The general norm that applies is that voters determine their choice and support for the village head candidate who is considered to provide the most material and non-material rewards.Keywords: power, social exchange, pilkades, exchange pattern, exchange type.
Pendampingan Kader Desa Dalam Pemetaan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Masalah Sosial untuk Asesmen Komunitas: Pemetaan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Sugeng Pujileksono; Mohammad Suud; Chriestine Lucia Mamuaya; Yudi Harianto Cipta Utama; Sari Dewi Poerwati
Jurnal Pengabdian Tri Bhakti Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Pengabdian Tri Bhakti
Publisher : Lembaga Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Langlangbuana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36555/tribhakti.v4i1.2015

Abstract

Setiap masyarakat memiliki pengetahuan yang berbeda-beda tentang kondisi, situasi, masalah, kebutuhan, dan kehidupan sosialnya. Namun sayangnya, tidak semua masyarakat memahami pengetahuan tentang masalah, kebutuhan, dan kehidupan sosialnya. Pembangunan dari atas ke bawah, yang kurang memperhatikan pembangunan manusia seutuhnya, menyebabkan masyarakat kurang memiliki kepekaan dalam memetakan dan merumuskan pengetahuannya. Kegiatan PKM (Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat) ini bertujuan untuk memberikan keterampilan kepada kader desa dalam melakukan pemetaan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang masalah sosial, melakukan asesmen komunitas, dan menyusun perancanaan. Kegiatan utamanya adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada kader desa. Sasaran PKM ini adalah kader desa yang aktif di organisasi sosial kemasyarakatan, yaitu PKK, Posyandu, Kepemudaan (Karang Taruna), dan Majlis Taklim di Desa Pengampon. Tahapan kegiatan PKM ini meliputi persiapan, pelaksanaan, refleksi dan evaluasi. Metode PKM meliputi curah pendapat, diskusi, wawancara, dan keterlibatan pada kegiatan komunitas. Luaran kegiatan ini adalah 1) kader desa memiliki keterampilan dalam melakukan pemetaaan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang masalah sosial, 2) kader desa mampu melakukan asesmen kebutuhan komunitas, dan 3) kemampuan menyusun perencanaan partisipatif di tingkat lokal. Hasil PKM ini meliputi: kader desa dapat melakukan pemetaan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang masalah sosial; kader desa dapat melakukan asesmen kebutuhan komunitas, dan; dan membuat perencanaan partisipatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah di desanya.
A Shift of Typology the Nuro’ulama’ KE PA PE’SSE’AN: Voter Typology Study of Madura Pandalungan Society in the 2019 Simultaneous Elections in Bondowoso Regency Darsono Darsono; Sugeng Pujileksono; Hairul Anam; Abd Syakur
Journal of Social Work and Science Education Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): Journal of Social Work and Science Education
Publisher : Yayasan Karinosseff Muda Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52690/jswse.v4i3.456

Abstract

Democracy which is synonymous with the exercise of power from the people, by the people, and for the people is realized by electing representatives of the people through general elections for members of the DPR, DPD, President and Vice President, and Provincial and Regency/City DPRD. For political purposes, it is known that there are typologies or characteristics of voters and these typologies are important in winning election contests. This study aims to identify the typological characteristics of the Madurese Pandalungan voters in the 2019 simultaneous elections in Bondowoso Regency as well as to obtain scientific information on the factors that influence them. The method used in this research is descriptive. The results of this study found that (1) The typology of Madurese Pandalungan voters in the 2019 simultaneous elections in Bondowoso Regency consisted of (a) typology of penter voters, (b) typology of nuro’ ulama’ voters, (c) typology of focal voters, (d) typology of ta’ro’nuro’ voters, and (e) typology of pa pe’sse’an. The domination of the nuro’ulama’ typology is greater, but there is a shift in typology from the nuro’ulama’ typology to the pa pe’sse’an voter typology. (2) The typology is influenced by factors (a) voter characteristics with variables of socio-cultural conditions and value systems, educational and economic factors, and kinship or family factors, (b) mass media factors, (c) characteristics of political parties and legislative candidates, and (d) amae’n pe’sse’ factors.