Santoso, Shella Permatasari
Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya

Published : 3 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 3 Documents
Search

Pemanfaatan kulit singkong sebagai bahan baku pembuatan Natrium Karbosimetil Selulosa Shella Permatasari Santoso; Niko Sanjaya; Aning Ayucitra
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2012.11.3.1

Abstract

The use of cassava peels as raw material for Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose productionCassava peels are abundantly available and may be used as an lowcost cellulose source (80-85% cellulose per weight cassava peel). the study was to evaluate the effect of the concentration of sodium hydroxide, sodium chloroacetate, and temperature reaction on the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium-CMC) characteristics i.e. yield, purity, and degree of substitution in sodium-CMC preparation.  Sodium-CMC functional group was determined using FTIR spectrophotometer. Cassava peels was dried and grounded to 50 mesh. Lignin was eliminated from cassava peel by extraction of grounded cassava peel with 10% NaOH at 35 °C for 5 h. Cassava peel free lignin was then re-extracted using 10% of acetic acid and sodium chloride at 75 °C for 1 h, thus cellulose free hemicellulose was obtained. Alkalization at 30 °C for 90 min was performed by adding sodium hydroxyde at 10-40% to cellulose using isopropyl alcohol solvent. Following this, etherification was conducted by adding sodium chloroacetate of 1-5 g at 50-80 °C for 6 h. As result, the highest purity of sodium-CMC (96.20%) was obtained from alkalization using 20% of sodium hydroxide and etherification using 3 g sodium chloroacetate at 70 °C. Sodium-CMC yield was 22% and degree of substitution 0.705.Keywords: cassava peel, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium-CMC, etherification AbstrakKulit singkong merupakan sumber selulosa yang berlimpah dan murah, dengan kadar selulosa 80-85% dari berat kulit singkong. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan selulosa dalam kulit singkong sebagai bahan baku pembuatan natrium karboksimetil selulosa (Na-CMC), mempelajari pengaruh natrium hidroksida, natrium kloroasetat serta suhu pada karakteristik Na-CMC seperti perolehan, kemurnian, dan derajat substitusi, serta menentukan kondisi operasi optimum untuk pembuatan Na-CMC berdasarkan kemurnian Na-CMC terbesar. Gugus fungsi Na-CMC ditentukan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra. Mula-mula, kulit singkong dikeringkan dan dihancurkan sehingga berukuran 50 mesh. Kulit singkong diekstraksi dengan NaOH 10% di suhu 35 °C selama 5 jam, untuk melarutkan lignin. Kulit singkong bebas lignin diekstrak dengan asam asetat 10% dan natrium klorida dengan pemanasan 750 °C selama 1 jam untuk melarutkan hemiselulosa sehingga didapatkan selulosa. Alkalisasi dilakukan dengan mereaksikan selulosa dengan NaOH 10-40% dengan pelarut isopropil alkohol pada suhu 30 °C selama 90 menit, dilanjutkan eterifikasi dengan natrium kloroasetat 1-5 g pada suhu 50-80 °C selama 6 jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, karakteristik Na-CMC terbaik didapatkan dari alkalisasi selulosa menggunakan NaOH 20% serta eterifikasi menggunakan 3 g natrium kloroasetat pada suhu 70 °C. Perolehan Na-CMC yang didapat adalah sebesar 22%, kemurnian 96,20%, derajat substitusi 0,705; termasuk dalam grade kedua menurut SNI 06-3736-1995.Kata kunci: kulit singkong, karboksimetil selulosa, Na-CMC, eterifikasi
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Buah Pare (Momordica Charantia) Sebagai Antibakteri dan Antifungi Rahel Primasita Panala; Stevani Noviyanti Seran; Adriana Anteng Anggorowati; Shella Permatasari Santoso
Widya Teknik Vol 21, No 1 (2022): May
Publisher : Widya Teknik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (532.025 KB) | DOI: 10.33508/wt.v21i1.2632

Abstract

Green-antibacterial is another alternatif as an antibiotic. One of the natural ingredients which has green-antibacterial properties is bitter melon (Momordica charantia). Bitter melon has compounds that function as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anti carcinogenic. This is due to bitter melon fruit has active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and phenols. In this research, bitter melon is maserated by aquadest in a various ratio weight per volume (w/v) 1:40, 1:20, 1:13,3 and 1:10 for 24 hours. Filtrate is filtered then dried for 10 hours to get the crude extract of biter melon. phytochemical test, measurement of total phenolic content (TPC), antibacterial and antifungal test. According to the result, bitter melon extract contain alkaloids, saponins and tanins with the highest value of total phenolic content measurement is the rasio of 1:10 scilicet 0,3390 g GAE/g sample. The strongest inhibition is found in ratio 1:10 with an average diameter is 14,5 ± 2,12 mm. Whilst, for the antifungal test, the inhibition zone is only found in the 1:13,3 and 1:10 ratios with an average diameters are 7±0,42 mm dan 8,65±0,071 mm.
Biosorpsi Cu(II) oleh Pseudomonas putida Lintang Elsa Valerina; Saffira Zhazhabila Maulida; Adriana Anteng Anggorowati; Shella Permatasari Santoso
Widya Teknik Vol 19, No 2 (2020): November
Publisher : Widya Teknik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (555.814 KB) | DOI: 10.33508/wt.v19i2.2631

Abstract

The one negative impact of industrial activities is the environmental pollution especially if contain heavy metals where the concentrations is exceed the Threshold Value (TLV). In this study, the biosorption of Cu (II) by Pseudomonas putida for reduce heavy metal in waste water. The biosorption with Pseudomonas putida was carried out in some initial variations of Cu (II), time adsorption, and pH. The concentration of Cu(II) after bisorption was measured using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Based on the results of the study it was found that the greater initial concentration of Cu (II) from 8.000 ppm to 12.000 ppm the percentage decrease Cu (II) concentration is getting smaller. Whereas at the same initial concentration of Cu(II) 8.000 ppm the largest percentage reduction in Cu (II) concentration occurred at pH = 6 compared to pH = 4 and 5. This matter because metallothionein in the cell wall of Pseudomonas putida will be lysed under relatively acidic conditions at pH = 4 and pH = 5, if methallotionein lysis then the absorbed Cu (II) is smaller. In determining the biosorption kinetics constanta (k), the data is getting lower along with the increase in the initial concentration of Cu (II). This is because Cu(II) ion in solution are reactive to bacterial cells, which can cause cell damage result death bacteria. Based on the results measurements of Pseudomonas putida after the biosorption using FTIR it can be seen that the presence of Cu (II) is bound to the bacterial cell wall. This can be seen from the shift of absorption peak at wave number 420.45 cm-1 which indicates the presence of Cu-O groups.