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irpan_ muna_rahmat
Universitas Islam Makassar

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Aktivitas Antihipertensi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Sitti Fauziah Noer; Nur Alfiah Irfayanti; irpan_ muna_rahmat
Media Farmasi Vol 19 No 2 (2023): Media Farmasi
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi Poltekkes kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/mf.v19i2.121

Abstract

The avocado leaf plant may lower blood pressure due to its content of flavonoid compounds. These compounds prevent the enzymatic conversion from angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This study aims to assess the antihypertensive activity of ethanol extract from avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) on white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The powder of avocado leaf simplicia was extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. Fifteen white rats were divided into 5 groups, each consisting of 3 rats. Blood pressure measurements were taken before induction, and then the rats were induced with 2% NaCl and 11.07 mg/kgBB prednisone. Blood pressure was measured after induction using the tail-cuff auto-pickup method and a non-invasive device (CODA). The research results were statistically analyzed using a completely randomized design (CRD). The average reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the groups was as follows: dose 125 mg/kgBB (28.01/29.79%); dose 250 mg/kgBB (41.06/38.22%); dose 375 mg/kgBB (48.47/41.12%); positive control (40.97/28.65%), and negative control (5.76/2.8%). Ethanol extract from avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) at 250 mg/kgBB and 375 mg/kgBB of rat body weight showed antihypertensive activity that was not significantly different from the positive control, captopril. However, at a dose of 125 mg/kgBB, there was a significant difference from the positive control and a highly significant difference from the negative control CMC 1%. For diastolic blood pressure, the extract had antihypertensive activity that was not significantly different from the positive control captopril, but there was a significant difference from the negative control CMC 1%. Tanaman alpukat dapat memiliki efek menurunkan tekanan darah karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Senyawa ini bekerja dengan cara mencegah pengubahan enzimatis dari angiotensin I menjadi angiotensin II. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antihipertensi ekstrak etanol daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) pada tikus putih (Rattus novergicus). Serbuk simplisia daun alpukat diekstraksi secara maserasi dengan menggunakan etanol 70%. Sebanyak 15 ekor tikus putih dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, dengan tiap kelompok terdiri atas 3 ekor tikus. Pengukuran tekanan darah dilakukan sebelum induksi, kemudian tikus diinduksi dengan NaCl 2% dan prednison 11,07 mg/kgBB. Tekanan darah diukur setelah induksi menggunakan metode tail-cuff auto-pickup dan alat non-invasive (CODA). Hasil penelitian dianalisis secara statistik dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik pada kelompok dosis 125 mg/kgBB (28,01/29,79%); dosis 250 mg/kgBB (41,06/38,22%); dosis 375 mg/kgBB (48,47/41,12%); kontrol positif (40,97/28,65%), dan kontrol negatif (5,76/2,8%). Ekstrak etanol daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) pada dosis 250 mg/kgBB dan 375 mg/kg BB tikus menunjukkan aktivitas menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol positif captopril. Sementara pada dosis 125 mg/kgBB, terdapat perbedaan nyata dengan kontrol positif dan perbedaan sangat nyata dengan kontrol negatif CMC 1%. Untuk tekanan darah diastolik, ekstrak ini memiliki aktivitas menurunkan tekanan darah yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol positif captopril, namun terdapat perbedaan nyata dengan kontrol negatif CMC 1%.