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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Baiq Ghassani Kayla
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Journal : Jurnal Biologi Tropis

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Cholangiocarcinoma: Risk Factors, Diagnostic Tools, and Current Treatment Options Adli Putra Nugraha; Baiq Ghassani Kayla; Febbi Anggy; Ni Made Utami Wulandari; Wina Arsylia Fakar; Philip Habib
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 4 (2023): October - December
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i4.5741

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma is a disease caused by the differentiation of cells in the bile epithelium or liver parenchyma into malignant cells called cholangiocytes. This literature review presents the current risk factors, diagnostic tools, and treatment choices of cholangiocarcinoma. Publication about the current risk factors, diagnostic tools, and treatment choices of cholangiocarcinoma were collected from the Pubmed database until August 25, 2022. The keywords of the research were “cholangiocarcinoma”, “risk factor”, “diagnostic”, and “treatment”. Cholangiocarcinoma has many risk factors, from choledochal cysts, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, to asbestos exposure. The diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma is difficult and requires the combined interpretation of different diagnostic modalities. Examinations that can be done for the diagnosis and staging of cholangiocarcinoma are MRI and CT. However, if the diagnosis remains uncertain, endoscopic examination and tissue sampling may be performed. After the diagnosis, there are several treatments, namely surgical therapy (surgical excision of bile duct tumors), endoscopic therapy (endoscopic biliary dilatation), radiological therapy (percutaneous transhepatic palliative biliary dilatation), chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy. Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignancy of cells in the biliary epithelium or liver parenchyma (cholangiocytes) that has many risk factors. The diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma is difficult and requires a combined interpretation of the different diagnostic modalities, including MRI, CT, endoscopy, and tissue sampling. After the diagnosis, there are several treatments, namely surgical therapy, endoscopy, radiology therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy.
Giant Cell Tumor: Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestation Adinda Ilsa Maulida; Ali Ramzi; Amrullah Muliawan H; Baiq Ghassani Kayla; Clara Nadila; Dinda Salsabila; Febbi Anggy; Herodya Lajunee Fesmia; Jihan Alifa Rahma; Trisna Ayu Kurnia Putri; Wina Aryslia Fakar; Zulfa Hasyimiyyah Ihtisyam; Nurhidayati Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i4b.5831

Abstract

A giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) as known as a benign bone tumor (neoplasm) is aggressive locally and frequently recurs, and it is characterized by the growth of mononuclear stromal cells and datia cells that resemble osteoclasts. GCTB has varying incidence rates and has been shown to have high mortality. GCTB patients have several treatment options, but the majority of patients still experience recurrence and even metastasis to other organs. This literature review aims to explain more deeply about Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) starting from the definition, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment options so that patients get a better prognosis. This literature review was conducted using the keywords "Giant Cell Tumor AND pathogenesis AND clinical manifestation" from PubMed dan Google Scholar. The results of the literature review carried out are that the molecular and biological pathogenesis of GCTB consists of 4 processes, namely tumorigenesis of neoplastic mononuclear stromal cells, generation of reactive multinucleated giant cells, bone resorption/migration, and bone matrix remodeling for angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis. Besides, the histological picture of GCTB contains "reactive" osteoclasts such as multinucleated giant cells (Giant Cells/GC), round cells such as macrophages and spindle stromal cells such as "neoplastic" fibroblasts (mononuclear stromal cells/SC) which are important findings in establishing the diagnosis. In conclusion, staging and management are very important to produce a better prognosis and reduce recurrence rates in GCTB patients.
Co-Authors Adinda Ilsa Maulida Adli Putra Nugraha Ali Ramzi Amrullah Muliawan H Clara Nadila Dinda Salsabila Febbi Anggy Herodya Lajunee Fesmia Jihan Alifa Rahma Ni Made Utami Wulandari Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Philip Habib Trisna Ayu Kurnia Putri Wina Arsylia Fakar Wina Aryslia Fakar Zulfa Hasyimiyyah Ihtisyam