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Clara Nadila
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Journal : Jurnal Biologi Tropis

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Gallbladder Empyema: A Dreadly Complication of Acute Cholecystitis Dinda Puspita Sari; Elvienna Shaffiranisa; Amrullah Muliawan Hamdin; Clara Nadila; Philip Habib
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i1.5783

Abstract

Gallbladder empyema is a severe form of acute cholecystitis with additional suppuration with an incidence rate of 6.3%-26.6% and a mortality rate 3%. If not treated promptly, gallbladder empyema can cause complications. Therefore, in this literature review we will discuss gallbladder empyema in more depth and the immediate treatment that must be carried out to avoid complications in patients. In this literature review Schoolar, we conducted a search on the PubMed and Sciencedirect database    using    the search keyword “gallbladder empyema”, “empyema”, and “gallbladder”. Gallbladder empyema can occur due to bile that cannot be excreted from the gallbladder will cause infection from microorganisms so that the gallbladder becomes full of exudative material in the form of pus, causing acute inflammation. Diagnosis of gallbladder empyema can be done using Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography Scan (CT Scan). Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) is a procedure for the initial management of gallbladder empyema before laparoscopic cholecystectomy. If gallbladder empyema is treated immediately, the prognosis is good. If not treated promptly, gallbladder empyema can lead to peritonitis, and bacteremia leading to a rapid systemic inflammatory response, shock, and sepsis.
Giant Cell Tumor: Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestation Adinda Ilsa Maulida; Ali Ramzi; Amrullah Muliawan H; Baiq Ghassani Kayla; Clara Nadila; Dinda Salsabila; Febbi Anggy; Herodya Lajunee Fesmia; Jihan Alifa Rahma; Trisna Ayu Kurnia Putri; Wina Aryslia Fakar; Zulfa Hasyimiyyah Ihtisyam; Nurhidayati Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i4b.5831

Abstract

A giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) as known as a benign bone tumor (neoplasm) is aggressive locally and frequently recurs, and it is characterized by the growth of mononuclear stromal cells and datia cells that resemble osteoclasts. GCTB has varying incidence rates and has been shown to have high mortality. GCTB patients have several treatment options, but the majority of patients still experience recurrence and even metastasis to other organs. This literature review aims to explain more deeply about Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) starting from the definition, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment options so that patients get a better prognosis. This literature review was conducted using the keywords "Giant Cell Tumor AND pathogenesis AND clinical manifestation" from PubMed dan Google Scholar. The results of the literature review carried out are that the molecular and biological pathogenesis of GCTB consists of 4 processes, namely tumorigenesis of neoplastic mononuclear stromal cells, generation of reactive multinucleated giant cells, bone resorption/migration, and bone matrix remodeling for angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis. Besides, the histological picture of GCTB contains "reactive" osteoclasts such as multinucleated giant cells (Giant Cells/GC), round cells such as macrophages and spindle stromal cells such as "neoplastic" fibroblasts (mononuclear stromal cells/SC) which are important findings in establishing the diagnosis. In conclusion, staging and management are very important to produce a better prognosis and reduce recurrence rates in GCTB patients.
Precocious Puberty: Etiology and Current Treatment Jihan Alifa Rahma; Adinda Ilsa Maulida; Alma Dyah Perwita; Baiq Ayu Rahmawati; Clara Nadila; Herodya Lajunee Fesmia; Ni Made Utami Wulandari; Zhayyin Palna Rial Novsyaini; Indana Eva Ajmala
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i1.5926

Abstract

Precocious puberty also known as premature puberty is an abnormal pubertal development that can affect a child's growth and development. The clinical manifestations of precocious puberty are generally diverse and based on etiology are classified into central precocious puberty (GnRH dependent) and peripheral precocious puberty (GnRH independent). The main concern with precocious puberty is that precocious puberty can be a clinical symptom of an underlying serious disease such as a brain tumor, adrenal or gonadal tumor and others. Early identification of etiology plays an important role in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. This literature review aims to determine the etiology and current management of precocious puberty. This literature review uses the keywords "Precocious Puberty AND etiology AND treatment" through the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Google Scholar databases. This article uses 11 articles that were used as references in its preparation. In conclusion, it is necessary to know the etiology of precocious puberty using imaging examinations for optimal management and excluding malignant abnormalities. The current treatment for central precocious puberty is GnRH agonists (gold-standard) and surgery in cases of intracranial lesions and peripheral precocious puberty using a combination of androgen antagonists (spironolactone) and aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole, testolactone) and surgery is indicated for gonadal and adrenal tumors. The role of parents is very important in early detection of precocious puberty, because the earlier the therapy, the better the prognosis.
Co-Authors Adinda Ilsa Maulida Ali Ramzi Alma Dyah Perwita Amrullah Muliawan H Amrullah Muliawan Hamdin Baiq Ayu Rahmawati Baiq Ghassani Kayla Dinda Puspita Sari Dinda Salsabila Elvienna Shaffiranisa Febbi Anggy Herodya Lajunee Fesmia Indana Eva Ajmala Jihan Alifa Rahma Ni Made Utami Wulandari Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Philip Habib Trisna Ayu Kurnia Putri Wina Aryslia Fakar Zhayyin Palna Rial Novsyaini Zulfa Hasyimiyyah Ihtisyam