Mutiara Rachmat Putri
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SUHU PERMUKAAN DAN KANDUNGAN PANAS LAUT PERAIRAN INDONESIA DALAM SATU ABAD TERAKHIR Mutiara Rachmat Putri; Iwan Pramesti Anwar; Ayi Tarya; Idris Mandang
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v23i2.841

Abstract

Histori kenaikan suhu permukaan laut (SPL) telah terjadi sejak revolusi industri dunia. Secara alamiah kejadian letusan gunung yang dahsyat dapat pula mempengaruhi suhu air laut hingga kedalaman laut tertentu. Suhu air laut ini sangat mempengaruhi kandungan panas laut, yang berperan penting dalam mengatur kondisi iklim yang terjadi di bumi. Kandungan panas laut di Perairan Indonesia dihitung menggunakan data temperatur berdasarkan data Met Office Hadley Observation “EN 4.1.1” yang merupakan hasil model numerik dan asimilasi data pengamatan, dengan resolusi ruang 1o x 1o dan rentang waktu bulanan dari tahun 1901-2015 atau selama 115 tahun. Kandungan panas laut dihitung di kedalaman 0-100 m dan total kedalaman perairan Indonesia. Kandungan panas laut permukaan di Indonesia dari tahun 1901-2015 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2x1014 J, namun sebaliknya di kedalaman total turun sebesar -2x1014 J. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan iklim dari interaksi laut udara di permukaan laut, yang ditunjukkan pula adanya trend kenaikan SPL dalam kurun waktu 115 tahun. Pengaruh dari Samudra Pasifik yang masuk melalui Sistem Arus Laut Indonesia diperkirakan menjadi penggerak utama kenaikan kandungan panas laut di Indonesia. Selama indeks Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) memiliki fase positif menyebabkan turunnya kandungan panas di Perairan Indonesia dan sebaliknya fase negatif PDO menyebabkan naiknya kandungan panas laut rata-rata.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE 2018 KRAKATAU TSUNAMI GENERATED BY FLANK COLLAPSE AND ASESSMENT OF TSUNAMI HEIGHT IN PANDEGLANG REGENCY Hamzah Latief; KHOLILLAH YUDICIA ISNAENI; MUTIARA RACHMAT PUTRI; HAEKAL YUSRIL FAIZIN; HANIF DIASTOMO; Iwan Pramesti Anwar
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

This study aims to reconstruct the tsunami event on December 22, 2018, due to the eruption of Mount Anak Krakatau which caused flank collapse generated an underwater landslide. Then this landslide caused a tsunami that impacted along the coast of the Sunda Strait, especially on the coast of Pandeglang Regency. Based on satellite imagery, it is known that the source of the landslide came from the southwestern part of Anak Krakatau's wall moving down the former caldera wall of the 1883 Krakatau volcanic eruption. The mount grew again and was known as Mount Anak Krakatau and appeared above sea level in 1929 and continued to grow. Subsequently, several eruptions spewed sediment deposits that had accumulated on the edges and foot of the mount. These sediments increased and become unstable, causing flank collapse and triggering underwater landslides. Several simulation scenarios have been carried out, in order to obtain the best model that can represent the 2018 Anak Krakatoa Tsunami with landslide parameters, namely: the volume of the landslide is 0.276 km3, the duration of propagation is 410 seconds, the inclination angle is 8.2°, and the length of the landslide trajectory is 3435 meters. The waveform generated as a tsunami source is in the form of wave peaks in the direction of the slide and wave valleys on the back of the slide. Furthermore, this wave propagated to all directions however mostly focused towards the southwest i.e. Panaitan Island and Pandeglang Regency. Tsunami simulations show that the tsunami reached: Panaitan Island and Pandeglang Regency at 58-60 minutes, Kota Agung (Lampung) at 42 minutes, and Ciwandan (Banten) at 46 minutes after the landslide with a tsunami height of 5.01m, 0.9 m and 0.7 m respectively, with a maximum tsunami wave height of 18.6 m on Panaitan Island. Furthermore, it is known that there are 5 areas in Pandeglang Regency that fall into the high tsunami hazard category with a tsunami height of more than 3 m, namely Panaitan Island, Ujungkulon District, Sumur, Panimbang, and Labuhan. By knowing the distribution tsunami height and estimate time arrival of the tsunami in the affected area, as well as the inundation area accurately, an early warning system and mitigation efforts can be planned such as spatial planning and other efforts