Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health
Vol. 11 No. 3 (2022): JAFH Vol. 11 No. 3 September 2022

Combination of Nigella sativa and Phyllanthus niruri as An Immunostimulant for The Prevention of White Spot Disease in Litopenaeus vannamei

Wida Lesmanawati (1 Technology and Management of Apllied Aquaculture Hatchery, College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, Jl. Kumbang 14, Bogor, West Java 16151 2 Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Medicine, IPB University, Jl. L)
Wasmen Manalu (Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Medicine, IPB University, Jl. Lingkar Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia)
Min Rahminiwati (Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Medicine, IPB University, Jl. Lingkar Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia)
Muhammad Agus Suprayudi (Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Lingkar Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia)
Sri Nuryati (Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Jl. Lingkar Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
02 Sep 2022

Abstract

Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a very important commodity, which accounts for almost 70% of the total world shrimp production. However, this production is still threatened by disease attacks, one of which is caused by white spot disease (WSD). Herbs are widely used as immunostimulants as an effort to prevent diseases. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) and stone breaker (Phyllanthus niruri) have long been known as excellent immunostimulants in human. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of N. sativa and its combination with P. niruri as an immunostimulant in L. vannamei for preventing WSD. Tested shrimp (±3.0 g) were treated by N. sativa (N), P. niruri (P) and the combination of both (1N:1P, 2/3N:1/3P, 3/4N:1/4P, 1/3N:2/3, 3/5N:2/5P, 1/4N: 3/4P, 2/5N:3/5P) through feed for 28 days. They were then infected by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and observed for 7 days. The parameters observed included immune response and production performance.  N. sativa was able to reduce the mortality of test shrimp infected with WSSV, with an RPS value of 71%. N. sativa can be combined with P. niruri in the right composition (1/2N:1/2P and 2/3N:1/3P), while the other combinations are antagonistic. The administration of the best treatments in this study, relatively did not affect the value of total hemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst activity, hemolymph clotting time and production performance of tested shrimp.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JAFH

Publisher

Subject

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Description

The Journal of Aquaculture And Fish Health (JAFH) has an objective to publish and provide high-quality scientific contributions to the field of fisheries. These contributions came from innovative researches that encourage science and technology development in the field of fisheries and marine ...