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Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005" : 8 Documents clear
The efficacy of suppository versus oral ibuprofen for reducing fever in children Suhesti Handayani; Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro; Sudigdo Sastroasmoro
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.211-6

Abstract

Background Ibuprofen suppository is used to reduce fever inchildren who are unable to receive it orally. The effectiveness ofibuprofen suppository compared to that of oral ibuprofen has notbeen documented in Indonesian children.Objective The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy ofibuprofen suppository with that of oral ibuprofen for reducingfever in children.Methods This study was a randomized clinical trial without blind-ing on children aged 2-5 years with body weight of 12.5 to 16 kgwho had fever. Subjects received ibuprofen in either oral (7.5mg/kg) or suppository (125 mg) form. The temperature was mea-sured prior to ibuprofen administration, 30 minutes afterwards,and every subsequent half hour until the end of the sixth hour.Any observed adverse effects were recorded.Results Mean time needed for fever reduction was 2.72 (SD 1.1)hours in the suppository group, compared to 3.43 (SD 0.9) hoursin the oral group (P=0.004). The mean rate of fever reduction inthe suppository group was 0.90 (SD 0.4) °C/hour, while in theoral group it was 0.61 (SD 0.3) °C/hour. However, mean maxi-mum temperature lowering ability did not differ significantly [2.11(SD 0.7) °C for the suppository group and 1.99 (SD 0.7) °C, forthe oral group (P=0.489)]. There was no significant difference inmean duration of effect [220.8 (SD 83.0) hours for the supposi-tory group and 196.6 (SD 92.7) hours for the oral group (p=0.231)].Conclusions There was no significant difference between bothpreparations in maximum temperature lowering ability and dura-tion of effect. Temperature reduction was significantly fasterwith the administration of ibuprofen suppository
Child immune response and the role of nutrition Ariyanto Harsono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.187-97

Abstract

The immune function is designed to defendthe body in a safe and efficient way againsta variety of dangerous materials includingtoxins and infectious organisms. Mechanical andbiological barriers prevent the penetration ofexogenous material into the body. Only after thesebarriers have been breached and cells have beendirectly attacked does the immune system come intoplay. By a variety of mechanisms, certain immunecells can directly phagocytose and destroy manypathogens. They require the close cooperation ofsomatic cells, which both alert the immune systemthrough alarm signals and later participate in theeffector phase. This first alarm signal can be groupedtogether as “stress signals”, known as the innateimmune response.
Efficacy of 10% povidone iodine versus 70% alcohol in umbilical cord care of newborn infants Rasyidah Rasyidah; Yulizar Yulizar; Lily Emsyah; Guslihan D Tjipta; Dachrul Aldy
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.198-202

Abstract

Objective To compare the effectiveness of 10% povidone iodineto that of 70% alcohol in umbilical cord care of newborn infants.Methods This open label clinical trial was conducted in PirngadiHospital, Medan from July to September 2003. Newborn infantswho fulfilled inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to umbili-cal cord care using 10% povidone iodine or 70% alcohol. Themain outcome measures were omphalitis prevalence, microor-ganism colonization, and time to umbilical cord separation. Cultureof the umbilical cord swab was taken in the first 48-72 hoursafter birth. The umbilical cord was observed daily during hospital-ization and every other day after discharge until cord separation.Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test and indepen-dent t-test.Results There were 54 infants in the povidone iodine group and52 infants in the alcohol group. Omphalitis was absent in bothgroups. Fourteen percent of subjects in the povidone iodine groupshowed no microorganism growth, compared to 7% in the alco-hol group. Staphylococcus aureus colonization was found in10% of subjects in the povidone iodine group and 23% of sub-jects in the alcohol group. The prevalence of Escherichia colicolonization was 41% and 47% in the povidone iodine and alco-hol groups, respectively. There was no statistically significantdifference between both groups in bacterial colonization (P=0.135).Mean time to umbilical cord separation was 6.44 days in thepovidone iodine group and 6.13 days in the alcohol group(P=0.431).Conclusion These results suggest that 10% povidone iodineand 70% alcohol are equally effective in umbilical cord care ofnewborn infants
The Epilepsies of Rett Syndrome in Indonesia E. S. Herini; Sunartini H; I. Mangunatmadja; Purboyo S; Hardiono D. Pusponegoro
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.203-6

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to evaluate various types of sei-zures, EEG findings, and last evolution of epileptic seizures foundin children with Rett Syndrome (RTT).Methods A case series of ten female subjects from Sardjito Hos-pital, Yogyakarta; Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta; andHasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung from February 2001-April 2004.Diagnosis of RTT was established using necessary and support-ive criteria by the RTT Diagnostic Criteria Work Group and epi-lepsy was diagnosed according to clinical and EEG findings.Results The age during initial diagnosis of RTT ranged from 2years 6 months - 10 years 2 months (average: 4 years 6 months).The diagnosis of epilepsy, on the other hand, was establishedfrom 2 years - 5 years 10 months (average: 3 years 8 months).All subjects (10/10) had abnormal EEG results. Eight out of tenhad epileptiform discharge; the remaining had slowing backgroundactivity. The average age of initial seizure onset was 18 months.Five were diagnosed as epileptic subjects. Febrile convulsionswere the most common initial seizure. General tonic clonic sei-zure was major type of seizure which manifested in 2 subjects.Conclusion All EEG results showed abnormality, although sei-zure did not appear. Five out of ten subjects experienced epi-lepsy
Macronutrient malabsorption in acute diarrhea: Prevalence and affecting factors Lilis D. Hendrawati; Agus Firmansyah; Darlan Darwis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.207-10

Abstract

Introduction Diarrhea remains a major problem for communityhealth in Indonesia. More than 25% of children with severe diar-rhea suffer from malabsorption syndrome.Objectives This study aimed to determine the age range of chil-dren with acute diarrhea, the prevalence of macronutrient malab-sorption, and the relationship between age and bacterial infec-tion in macronutrient malabsorption.Methods This was a cross-sectional study, subjects were chil-dren aged 0-59 months with acute diarrhea whose stools wereobtained and examined in the laboratory of GastrohepatologyDivision, Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospi-tal, Jakarta from January 2002 to December 2003.Results Children with acute diarrhea were mostly in the agerange of 0-11 months (61%). The prevalence of lactose malab-sorption was 11%, carbohydrate malabsorption was 19%, andfat malabsorption was 51%. Moreover, the age group of 0-11months had a 1.5 times greater possibility of lactose and fatmalabsorption compared to that of 12-59 months. The 12-59 monthsage group had a greater possibility of suffering carbohydratemaldigestion (70%). The group of children who did not sufferfrom bacterial infection had a higher prevalence of lactose mal-absorption (54%), carbohydrate maldigestion (65%), and fatmalabsorption (58%).Conclusions Acute diarrhea occurred more frequently in theage of 0-11 months. There was a significant correlation betweenthe age groups of 0-11 months and 12-59 months in experiencingmacronutrient malabsorption. Lactose malabsorption, carbohy-drate maldigestion, and fat malabsorption were encountered morefrequently in the group that did not have bacterial infection
Urinary tract infection among neonatal sepsis of late-onset in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Novie Amelia; Idham Amir; Partini P Trihono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.217-22

Abstract

Background Urine culture, as part of a full septic work-up forlate-onset neonatal sepsis, was not routinely done in the Neona-tal Ward at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and as of today, theprevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) among neonates withlate-onset sepsis remains unknown.Objectives To determine the prevalence and microbiological pat-terns of UTI among late-onset neonatal sepsis in CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on all neonatesdiagnosed as suspected late-onset sepsis who underwent sep-sis evaluation between 20 October 2003 – 30 April 2004. Urinespecimens were collected by bladder catheterization for cultureand urinalysis.Results UTI was found in 14.9% (7/47) neonates who under-went urine culture (male: female ratio was 5:2). Six subjectswho had UTI were preterm neonates, Klebsiella pneumoniaewas found in both blood and urine cultures of 1 subject, while theothers showed different microorganisms. Forty-five out of 47subjects, who were suspected of late-onset sepsis, had posi-tive blood cultures. All subjects with UTI had positive bacteriuriafrom Gram-stained specimen.Conclusions The prevalence of UTI among neonates with late-onset sepsis in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital was 14.9%. Themicroorganisms most frequently found in urine cultures werePseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiellapneumoniae. Urine culture, urinalysis, and urinary Gram-stainshould be performed as part of sepsis evaluation for late-onsetneonatal sepsis, especially in male and preterm neonates
Phenobarbital overdose in an eleven-year-old-girl with attempted suicide V Lily Limantara; Made Widia; Ketut Suwitra; Endah Ardjana
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.223-8

Abstract

This report describes a patient with life-threat-ening phenobarbital overdose, treated successfullywith hemodialysis, using a high-flux, high-efficiencydialyzer and high blood flow rates. The rapid fall inphenobarbital levels and the dramatic clinical re-sponse noted during the procedure supports thistechnique as an effective therapy in such patients.
Rhesus incompatibility in a four-day-old infant A A Widnyana; Retayasa Retayasa
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 5 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.5.2005.229-32

Abstract

This paper reports the first case of Rh-incom-patibility in newborns found at our hospital.

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