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INDONESIA
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
Published by Kementerian Perdagangan
ISSN : 19799187     EISSN : 25282751     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
First published in 2007, Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan (BILP) is a scientific journal published by the Trade Analysis dan Development Agency (Badan Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Perdagangan - BPPP), Ministry of Trade, Republic of Indonesia. This bulletin is expected to be a media of dissemination and analysis of research results to be used as references for academics, practitioners, policy-makers, and the general public. In collaboration with professional associations, The Indonesian Society of Agricultural Economics (Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia - PERHEPI), BILP publishes research reports and analysis of trade sector and/or sector-related trade which have not been published in any other journals/scholarly publications, either in Bahasa Indonesia or English. Publishing twice a year in July and December, this Bulletin is directly disseminated to stakeholders both in print and online.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 7 No 2 (2013)" : 7 Documents clear
PENGARUH VARIABEL EKONOMI DAN NON EKONOMI TERHADAP IMPOR INDONESIA DARI ASEAN+6 MELALUI MODA TRANSPORTASI LAUT Astari Ayuwangi; . Widyastutik
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (435.071 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.115

Abstract

Selama periode tahun 2007-2011 impor Indonesia dari negara-negara ASEAN+6 didominasi oleh impor bahan baku dan bahan penolong. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dominannya impor Indonesia yang dimaksud, khususnya impor Indonesia yang diangkut melalui moda transportasi laut, merupakan tema utama tulisan ini. Variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam analisis dengan menggunakan model gravity meliputi variabel ekonomi, yakni GDP per kapita ASEAN+6, GDP per kapita Indonesia, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, dan variabel non-ekonomi, yakni kualitas pelabuhan, stabilitas politik dan efektivitas pemerintahan Indonesia. Hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan gravity model menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang secara signifikan berpengaruh positif pada impor Indonesia adalah GDP per kapita Indonesia dan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia. Sedangkan variabel jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, stabilitas politik dan efektivitas pemerintahan Indonesia secara signifikan berpengaruhnegatif. During 2007-2011, the Indonesia’s imports from the ASEAN+6 countries were dominated by the raw materials. The factors that influence volumes of the Indonesia’s imports, expecially which transported by sea transport mode, become the main topic of this research. The variables of the gravity model used in this research are economic variables, i.e. per capita GDP of ASEAN+6, Indonesia’s per capita GDP, economic distance, and real exchange rate, as well as non-economic variables such as Indonesia’s quality of sea port, political stability and government effectiveness. Estimation using the gravity model shows that the variables of Indonesia’s per capita GDP and Indonesia’s quality of sea ports significantly have positive influence on Indonesia’s imports, while the variables of economic distance, real exchange rate, political stability and government effectiveness significantly have negative influence. 
KINERJA EKSPOR MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT INDONESIA Tuti Ermawati; Yeni Saptia
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (499.27 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.104

Abstract

Kajian ini menganalisis kinerja ekspor Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) Indonesia diantara negara-negara produsen kelapa sawit, dan kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO Indonesia ke beberapa negara tujuan ekspor utama. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah indeks Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Constant Market Share (CMS). Berdasarkan hasil analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO Indonesia lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Malaysia dan Thailand, tetapi sama dengan Colombia. Sementara hasil dari analisis CMS, kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO cenderung menurun dibandingkan dengan pertumbuhan ekspor seluruh produk dunia. Disamping itu, parameter dari efek komposisi produk, efek distribusi pasar maupun efek daya saing, masih banyak yang bernilai negatif. Beberapa hal yang perlu dilakukan oleh pemerintah dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan kinerja ekspor baik CPO maupun PKO adalah kebijakan yang mendukung pengembangan ekspor CPO maupun PKO dengan mempertimbangkan daya saing hilirisasi industri sawit, peningkatan kualitas CPO dan PKO yang sesuai dengan standar negara yang menjadi tujuan ekspor. The study analyzes the export performance of Indonesia’s Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) among palm oil producers and the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports in some major importing countries. The analytical methods used in this study are are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS) indices. Based on RCA analysis, the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports are lower than those of Malaysia and Thailand, but it is still similar to to Colombia. Meanwhile, the CMS analysis shows that the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports tend to decrease compared to export growth of all the world products. In spite of these performances, the parameters from the effect of product composition, market distribution and competitiveness are still negative. Several ways that the government should perform to increase the competitiveness and performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports are supporting policy to the development of CPO and PKO exports by considering the competitiveness of downstreaming palm oil industries, and improving the quality of them in compliance with the standard applied by the export destination countries.
PENGARUH NON TARIFF MEASURES ASEAN TERHADAP ARUS PERDAGANGAN SEKTOR ELEKTRONIKA INDONESIA N. Fridhowati; A. Asmara
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.116

Abstract

Tulisan ini menyajikan gambaran mengenai perdagangan elektronika Indonesia dan menganalisis dampak Non Tariff Measure (NTMs) ASEAN terhadap perdagangan sektor elektronika Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan Inventory dengan menghitung coverage ratio dan pendekatan ekonometrik dengan model cross sectional gravity. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan NTMs ASEAN tidak mempengaruhi arus perdagangan elektronika Indonesia. Jika NTMs dikelompokkan menjadi core dan non core measures, ternyata peningkatan core measures akan menurunkan perdagangan sektor elektronika, dan sebaliknya peningkatan non core measures akan meningkatkan perdagangan sektor tersebut. Dengan demikian, kebijakan yang perlu dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk mengantisipasi meningkatnya penerapan NTMs ASEAN adalah pengembangan industri elektronika dengan mengutamakan kualitas, disain dan inovasi produk. Penyediaan fasilitas uji laboratorium bagi pengujian standar juga perlu diperluas untuk meningkatkan daya saing produk. As tariffs have fallen following the establishment of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1948, attention has progressively shifted towards non-tariff measures (NTMs). Pervasive NTMs in the ASEAN region will impact on regional trade and make it more difficult for establishing the ASEAN Economic Community by 2015. Electronics sector, which is a potential sector in Indonesia, will be one of the sectors affected by the implementation of NTMs. This article provides a brief of Indonesian electronics trade and implementation of NTMs in ASEAN. It analyzes the impact of ASEAN’s NTMs on Indonesian electronics trade flows. Two approaches are used to estimate the cross sectional gravity model; the inventory approach and the econometric approach. This article shows that the overall ASEAN’s NTMs do not affect Indonesian electronics trade flows. However, if NTMs are disaggregated into core and non-core measures, it finds that an increase in the core measures would reduce Indonesian electronics trade flows, while a rise in the noncore measures would increase the Indonesia electronics trade flows. It recommends that Government should develop electronics industry by focusing on quality, design and product innovation. In addition, to increase Indonesian export competitiveness Government should also provide testing laboratorium with cheaper administration cost.
THE IMPACTS OF FINAL DEMAND OF INDONESIA’S EXPORTED PRODUCTS ON DOMESTIC INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT Aditya P Alhayat
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (637.477 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.111

Abstract

Statistik perdagangan internasional dapat menyebabkan interpretasi yang kurang lengkap tentang pentingnya perdagangan internasional, terkait dengan sistem pencatatannya dan semakin meningkatnya globalisasi proses produksi barang. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi sejauh mana perekonomian Indonesia bergantung pada permintaan akhir di suatu pasar ekspor tertentu dan dampaknya terhadap penciptaan pendapatan dan lapangan kerja ketika terjadi fragmentasi produksi global. Analisis ini menggunakan pendekatan global value chain dan Tabel Input-Output Dunia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah dan lapangan kerja sebagai akibat dari pemenuhan permintaan akhir di negara maju lebih tinggi daripada yang dihasilkan dari pemenuhan permintaan akhir di negara berkembang. Peningkatan integrasi produksi di wilayah yang sama (Asia Timur atau ASEAN) dapat menjadi strategi yang efektif untuk mempengaruhi peningkatan pendapatan dan kesempatan kerja di Indonesia secara langsung dan tidak langsung.The conventional trade statistics may lead to an incomplete interpretation on the importance of international trade, due to its recording system and the increasing globalization of production process. The global value chain approach and the World Input Output Table were employed. This paper aims to estimate the extent to which Indonesia’s economy relies on the final demand of the particular export market in term of generating incomes and employment when the fragmentation of global production exists. The results show that value added and employments induced by final demand in advanced economies are higher than those generated by final demand in developing economies. Enhancing production integration within the same region (East Asia or ASEAN) can be an effective strategy to induce higher Indonesia’s income and employment directly and indirectly.
DAMPAK PENURUNAN EKSPOR TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA Tri Wibowo
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (521.423 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.112

Abstract

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penurunan ekspor terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja dengan menggunakan analisis multiplier tenaga kerja dari tabel input-output. Hasil analisis secara sektoral menunjukkan bahwa pada saat terjadi penurunan ekspor di sektor industri sebesar 4,9% dan sektor pertambangan sebesar 9,6% akan berdampak terhadap hilangnya kesempatan kerja, meskipun terjadi kenaikan ekspor di sektor pertanian sebesar 8%. Pangsa kesempatan kerja di sektor pertanian pada periode 2006–2008 sebesar 41,2%, mengalami penurunan menjadi 38% pada periode 2009–2011. Kondisi ini mengindikasikan bahwa telah terjadi pergeseran tenaga kerja sektor pertanian ke non pertanian, khususnya industri dan jasa. Peningkatan teknologi di sektor pertanian akan meningkatkan produktivitas, daya tarik sektor tersebut, dan mengurangi tingginya migrasi tenaga kerja sektor pertanian ke sektor lain. This article aims to figure out the impact of decreasing export against employment opportunity by using labor multiplier analysis from input-output table. Sectoral analysis shows that decreasing export in industrial sector creates a large loss of employment opportunities not only in the respective sector, but also in other sectors such as agriculture and trade. From the period of 2011 to 2012, an 8% decreased in agricultural exports together with a 9.6% and a 4.9% decreased in mining and industrial sectors respectively, created unemployment. Labor market share in agricultural sector in the period of 2006-2008 was 41.2% and then it decreased to 38% in the period of 2009 - 2011. This indicates that there was a shift of labor from agricultural to non-agricultural sectors, especially industry and services. The advancement of technology in agricultural sector could increase the productivity, attractiveness, and reduce the shift of workers from agricultural sector to the others.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM RESI GUDANG (SRG) PADA KOMODITI JAGUNG: STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN TUBAN, PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR Nurlia Listiani; Bagas Haryotejo
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (478.08 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.113

Abstract

Studi ini bertujuan mengkaji berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi petani dalam memanfaatkan Sistem Resi Gudang dan menganalisis manfaat penerapan SRG di Kabupaten Tuban. Metode yang digunakan adalah model Decision Matrix Analysis dan Metode Value Tree Objective. Hasil analisis DMA menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama pemanfaatan SRG adalah ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana gudang. Manfaat terbesar yang diperoleh petani adalah keuntungan dari adanya selisih harga jual saat panen dengan paska panen. Namun demikian, belum semua petani bersedia menggunakan SRG. Oleh karena itu, penerapan SRG perlu (1) sosialisasi, edukasi, dan succes story agar dapat diikuti oleh para petani; (2) lembaga seperti koperasi untuk menampung hasil panen; (3) dryer khusus untuk komoditas jagung. This study aims to examine the various factors influencing the farmers in using the warehouse receipt system and to analyze the benefits and costs in applying SRG for corn in Tuban, East Java province. Decision Matrix Analysis model is used to analyze the main factors that control farmers to use the warehouse receipt system, while Value Tree Objective is used to analyze the benefit and cost from using the warehouse receipt system. Based on the DMA model, the main factor influencing the farmers in using the warehouse system is the availability of facilities and infrastructures that support the warehouse. The biggest benefit from using warehouse receipt system is a gain coming from the price difference between sale during harvest time and post harvest. However, there are still many farmers who are reluctant to use the system. In order to encourage farmers, the implementation of SRG needs (1) socialization, education, and presenting success story; (2) the establishment of an institution like cooperative to load the harvest; (3) provision of special drier for corn.
FASILITAS BEBAS BEA MASUK BAGI LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DAN MANFAATNYA BAGI INDONESIA Adrian Lubis
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (513.888 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.114

Abstract

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji manfaat pemberian fasilitas bebas bea masuk bagi negara penerima yang dikelompokkan ke dalam LDC dan manfaatnya bagi Indonesia sebagai negara pemberi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan, Indeks Intra Industry Trade, Uji Beda dan Model Keseimbangan Umum GTAP. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas bantuan akses pasar tersebut tidak merugikan industri nasional dan merupakan sumber alternatif untuk memperoleh bahan baku. Hal tersebut akan semakin kuat jika Indonesia memanfaatkan fleksibilitas sebagai negara berkembang yang tidak diwajibkan untuk menghapus bea masuk seluruh pos tarif yang dikenakan kepada negara-negara LDC. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya fasilitasi tersebut harus diikuti dengan pemberlakuan surat keterangan asal yang ketat untuk meminimalkan kemungkinan penyelundupan dari negara bukan anggota LDC. This study is conducted to investigate the benefits of the duty-free facility for the Least Developed Countries (LDC) as receivers and the benefits for Indonesia as a donor. The methods of analysis used in this study are Trade Specialization Index, Index of Intra Industry Trade, Differential Test and General Equilibrium Model of GTAP. The study found that the duty-free facility is not detrimental to the national industry and as an alternative source of obtaining raw materials. It will be stronger if Indonesia utilizing the flexibility as developing country with no obligation to remove all import duties charged to LDC countries. However, in practice, such kind of facilitation should be followed by the application of strict certificate of origin to minimize the possibility of smuggling from countries other than the members of the LDC.

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