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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 42 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020" : 42 Documents clear
Plant Diversity and Composition of Three Different Altitudes in Sikka Forest Area - East Nusa Tenggara Fiqa, Abban Putri; Oktavia, Gebby Agnessya Esa
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23565

Abstract

East Nusa Tenggara located in the Wallacea area that has many endemic species. However, the existence of germplasm diversity in this area has been threatened due to landscape changes and deforestation. The research was conducted to identify floristic composition in Sikka forest area. This research also aimed to compare that plant composition in Sikka forest area on each of the different altitudes, including their diversity richness and environmental factors. Two sampling methods were used, which are Point-Centered Quarter (PCQ) method that applied for trees and nested sampling method 5x5 m2 for sapling and 2x2 m2 for ground cover. Measured parameters were Relative Density (RD), Relative Frequency (RF), Relative Coverage/dominance (RC), Important Value Index (IVI), Diversity Index (H'), and Jaccard Similarity Index (J’). Research results showed that the diversity index of each region was relatively low. Plant composition of tree, sapling, and groundcover in three different altitudes was quite different. This result indicates that the plant composition in the Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara is very diverse. The temperature and relative humidity in each altitude area observed was significantly different. One of the endemic species of Flores Island, Eucalyptus urophylla, was only found at 500-700 m asl. There are very limited research on the vegetation diversity held in Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. This research can be the basic for further research in order to explore the potential diversity of flora in this area.
Pests and Diseases Associated with Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) Cultivation at Farmers’ Levels in the Central Region of Benin Bouraïma, Amoussatou; Sikirou, Rachidatou; Zocli, Bruno; Ezin, Vincent; Etchiha Afoha, Sètondji Alban Paterne; Gnancadja, Léopold Simplice; Adjanonhoun, Adolphe; Hell, Kerstin
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23771

Abstract

Roots and tubers are one of the most important crops that provide food security in West Africa. Thus, Pachyrhisus erosus with its various potentials, is planned to be introduced in Benin to improve the nutritional quality of the population. Prior to that, this study aimed at assessing pests and disease of P. erosus in the agroecological conditions in the central parts of Benin. Conducted at experimental field in Savè during two consecutive years, experiments were laid in a completely randomized block design with 4 replications and three treatments including EC 533 and EC Kew cultivars of P. erosus and cowpea variety named Kpodji-Guèguè. Results showed that the major pests collected from P. erosus namely Ootheca mutabilis, Medythia quaterna, Piezotrachelus varium, Megalurothrips sjostedti and Brevipalpus phoenis were not so far reported in it. Compared to cowpea, pest’s infestation and their damages were lower on P. erosus. Infestation severity on leaves and the percentage of perforated green pods ranged from 0.7% to 3% against 0.8% to 88.9% and from 12.5% to 16% against 57.2% to 64% respectively on P. erosus and cowpea. Cercospora disease caused by Cercospora canescens and yam bean leaf blight caused by an unknown fungus were observed. Cercospora disease affected cowpea and P. erosus while yam bean leaf blight affected only P. erosus. This study provides additional data on pests and diseases associated with P. erosus worldwide and alerts farmers regarding their management.
Genetic Parameters of Agronomic Traits in Sweetpotato Accessions Rahajeng, Wiwit; Restuono, Joko; Indriani, Febria Cahya; Purwono, Purwono
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23780

Abstract

Germplasm as a source of genes in sweetpotato breeding requires information on appearance and genetic parameters. The objectives of this research were to determine the performance and genetic parameters of sweet potato accessions. The research was conducted at Kendalpayak Research Station, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The materials used were thirty sweet potato accessions from Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) germplasm collection. The research was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two replications. The variables observed included: the vines length, the weight of vines, the number and weight of the saleable root per plot, the number and weight of the non-saleable root per plot, the number and weight of root per plant, the root yield, the harvest index, and the dry matter content. The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference among the tested genotypes in almost all traits observed except on weight of non-saleable root. PCV estimation was higher than GCV estimation for all the observed characters. The weight of the saleable root per plot, the weight of root per plant, and the root yield that showed a wide range of PCV and GCV as well as high broad-sense heritability indicated that these traits had additive gene effect and more reliable for effective selection. The broad GCV in a population is effective for selection to obtain the superior variety.
The Dynamics of Annonaceae Plants Collection and Its Conservation Efforts in Purwodadi Botanic Garden Lestari, Dewi Ayu; Masrum, Ahmad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23324

Abstract

Plant species of Annonaceae family were collected in Purwodadi Botanic Garden (PBG) needs ex-situ conservation efforts to prevent threat of extinction. Annonaceae plants collection in PBG have experienced dynamics over the past of 12 years which affect to diversity and conservation efforts. This study aimed to determine the dynamics or development of Annonaceae plants collection in PBG for the past of 12 years and how their conservation efforts. The methods were used are primary and secondary data collections from Registration Unit, measurement of stem diameter, plant height, branch-free stem height (BFS) of Annonaceae plants collection and microclimatic data (temperature, humidity, soil pH and light intensity) in each block of Annonaceae plants collection. Data were analyzed descriptively and by Principal Component Analysis using the statistical program PAST 4.0. The Annonaceae plant collections in PBG have fluctuated in the number of plants, genera, species, specimens and unidentified species with the addition of 28, 10, 6, 58, and 7 plants respectively. There were also 81 times of species identity changes. Annonaceae plant collections in PBG was able to well adapt and develop based on the average of stem diameter and BFS, with humidity and light intensity became the most influential environmental factors for plant growth. The management of Annonaceae plant collections in PBG consisted of the maintenance activities and studies to support the conservation. By regulating and manipulating of humidity and light intensity in Annonaceae plant collections, plant growth will increase and well maintenance. Management efforts can be planned and developed properly by knowing the dynamics of plant collections.
Ethnobotanical Study on Plants Used by Local People in Dusun Beleq, Gumantar Village, North Lombok Regency Jannaturrayyan, Sawmi; Sukenti, Kurniasih; Rohyani, Immy Suci; Dao, Sukiman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23807

Abstract

The traditional use of plants by people in Indonesia has been done since centuries ago. However, there are still many regions that do not already have proper documentation on this matter. This ethnobotany research aimed to analyze the forms of plant utilization and local wisdom in plant management by the indigenous people of Dusun Beleq, Gumantar Village, Kayangan District, North Lombok Regency. This research is a descriptive exploratory survey. Data collection was done by means of observation, interviews, documentation and literature study. Selection of informants was using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed descriptively based on observations, interviews and ICS (Index of Cultural Significance) calculations.There were 10 kinds of plant utilization involving 86 species from 36 families. The plants were used as food, medicine, ritual plants, firewood, fodder plants, construction materials, handicrafts, aromatic plants, dyes and natural pesticides. Most of the plant species was used as food (41 species) with rice (Oryza sativa) as a plant with the highest ICS value among all plants in all categories (74 species). Local wisdom in term of natural resources utilization was reflected in community efforts in forest preservation, plants conservation, plants cultivation and harvesting. The novelty of this study is the revealment of local knowledge in plants utilization possessed by people in traditional village. This results of this study are expected to support the preservation of biological and cultural resources.
Agronomic Performance of Soybean Genotypes in Lowland Paddy Fields under Zero-tillage Condition Adie, Mochammad Muchlish; Krisnawati, Ayda; Iswanto, Rudi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23263

Abstract

In Indonesia, soybean is mostly cultivated in lowland following the yearly planting pattern of paddy – paddy – soybean under zero-tillage condition. The research aim was to evaluate the agronomic performance of several soybean genotypes in lowland paddy fields under zero-tillage condition. A total of 12 soybean genotypes, including the check varieties of Wilis and Anjasmoro, were evaluated in lowland after rice planting in three locations (Klaten, Pasuruan, and Tabanan). A randomized block design with four replications was used in each location. The soybean yield is a complex character which determined by interrelated agronomic characters. The averages seed yield in Klaten, Pasuruan, and Tabanan were 2.97 t/ha, 3.02 t/ha, and 2.68 t/ha, respectively. Two genotypes produced equal yield with Anjasmoro, i.e. AT12-1062 (3.01 t/ha) and AT12-1037 (3.0 t/ha). Anjasmoro variety had the highest 100 seed weight (15.40 g), and only AT12-1035 showed the equal seed weight. The average days to maturity of 12 genotypes was 83 days. In addition to Anjasmoro variety, soybean genotypes AT12-1062 and AT12-1037 (medium maturity and medium seed size) as the new findings form this study were potential to be developed at lowland paddy fields under zero-tillage condition. The availability of the soybean genotypes adaptive to lowland paddy field under zero tillage condition is important to optimize the soybean productivity as well as the income of farmers in Indonesia.
Adaptations of Three Cash Crops to Climate Change Sudiana, Eming; Yani, Edy; Prayoga, Lucky; Darsono, Darsono; Riwidiharso, Edy; Santoso, Slamet
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23489

Abstract

Climate change is likely to lead to adaptations among important crop species. Elevational gradients can be used to illustrate the effects of climate change on crop adaptation patterns. The research aimed to determine adaptation patterns in crop species across an elevational (and therefore temperature and humidity) gradient. A factorial design was applied with two factors within a simple Randomized Complete Block Design, wherein the primary factor was elevation (10 – 1,000 m). Three crop species (long bean, common bean, and winged bean) were used as test species. Growth rate and flower number were used as adaptation parameters. The results indicated that these three cash crop species showed different adaptation patterns. Common bean showed the greatest vegetative growth at approximately 600 m in elevation, long bean at 400 m in elevation, and winged bean at 10 m in elevation. The results of this study indicate that the three tested agricultural crops have different adaptation patterns, and these results was the first finding to be published in Indonesia. For agriculture practices, it can be recommended that planting of these cash crops be adapted to the elevation of the planting area. 
Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Kebar Grass (Biophytum petersianum) Extract Aminudin, Aminudin; Andarwulan, Nuri; Palupi, Nurheni Sri; Arifiantini, Iis
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23820

Abstract

Kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch.) has long been known by the locals of West Papua as medicinal plant that improves fertility. The objectives of this research were to identify and determine the antioxidant activity of kebar grass crude extract through conventional method and to analyze for its antioxidant activity. Extraction method used was conventional method, performed by mixing dry kebar grass with water and boiled until the volume shrunk to 1/3 of initial volume. Analized parameters were crude extract yield, qualitative phytochemical, total phenol and antioxidant activity. Research result showed extract crude yield value of 18.32±0.01%. Qualitative phytochemical contents were dominated by flavonoid, tannin, and saponin. Total phenolic content (TPC) of crude extract was 147±1.24 mgGAE/gdw (0.688±0.01 mgGAE/gfw). Crude extract antioxidant parameter was measured as the value of inhibition, AEAC, TEAC, and IC50 where each value respectively was as followed 42.0±0.047%, 69.93±2.19 mgAE/gdw (8.30±0.26 mgAE/gfw), 65.70±1.54 mgTE/gdw (7.80±0.18 mgTE/gfw) and 0.129±0.003 mgdw (257.75±4.90 mg/L). The contribution of kebar grass TPC content to antioxidant activity is 47.38% (equal to ascorbic acid) and 44.51% (equal to trolox) which means that almost half of kebar grass crude extract’s phenolic compound act as antioxidant. The results of this research can show that the kebar grass has potential as a source of multiple antioxidants, which acts as an analogue of vitamin C and vitamin E.  The antioxidant activity of the kebar grass extract can be the scientific basis for the use of kebar grass as a medicinal plant for infertility problems (curative) and as a functional food ingredient for antioxidant sources that prevent a decrease in reproductive performance (preventive).
Effect of Drying Techniques on Nutrition Content and Gross Energy of Nuabosi Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Flour Priska, Melania; Peni, Natalia; Carvallo, Ludovicus; Wae, Veronika P. S. M.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.24184

Abstract

This reseach aimed to determine the proper cassava drying technique to produce suitable flour properties for food product applications. The method used was proximate analysis and calculation of Gross Energy (GE) value. Furthermore, the results of the study were analyzed using the Two Way ANOVA statistical test followed by the real difference test using the Tukey analysis. Results of the analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two drying techniques (α>0.05). To get good quality flour in the application of food products made from Nuabosi cassava flour is to use oven drying and sun drying techniques. The novelty of this study is that there has been no previous research on the quality of Nuabosi cassava flour using oven drying and sun drying techniques. The benefit of this research is to support the government in the food diversification program on foods made from Nuabosi cassava flour, where Nuabosi cassava is one of the leading types of food in Ende district.
Microbial Succession and Chemical Characteristics in Fermentation of Ambonese Arrack (Sopi), Traditional Beverage from Maluku Mahulette, Ferymon; Astuti, Dea Indriani
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23791

Abstract

Ambonese arrack is one of the traditional fermented beverage product in Maluku, Indonesia. The microbiological research of this beverage that is processed using coconut sap as raw material has never been done before. The research aimed to analyze the microbial succession and chemical characteristics during fermentation of Ambonese arrack. The sample of coconut sap was taken from traditional producer in Mahia village, Ambon. The dominant microbes in the fermentation of Ambonese arrack were Pichia polymorpha and Kloeckera javanica. The highest numbers of these two microbes was obtained after 15 hours fermentation (9.6 log Cfu/mL and 9.9 Cfu/mL, respectively). The sugar content decreased from 593.3 mg/L to 474.3 mg/L, whereas ethanol content increased from 0.0018 g/L to 0.0100 g/L. The pH value decreased from 4.70 to 3.10. The research has isolated indigenous microbes in Ambonese arrack fermentation which was considered as novelty. The bacteria that play a role in fermentation can be used as a starter in the fermentation of various beverage products, especially Ambonese arrack. The results of this research can improve the quality of this fermentation product in the future.

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