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Indonesian Aquaculture Journal

iaj
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Published by Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan RI

ISSN : 02150883 EISSN : 25026577 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Indonesian Aquaculture Journal is a peer-reviewed and open access journal based in Indonesia that globally/internationally accepts and publishes scientific articles in the field of aquaculture. The journal is hosted and managed by the Center for Fisheries Research, Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries and serving as a scientific platform to share research information in and contribute to the development of various disciplines of aquaculture including genetics, reproduction, nutrition and feed, fish health and diseases, engineering, and environmental assessment.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)" : 10 Documents clear

EFFECT OF SALINITY, TEMPERATURE, AND FOOD VALUE OF FOUR MICROALGAE TO OYSTER, Crassostrea iredalei LARVAL GROWTH Achmad Sudradjat
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Published accounts of Crassostrea iredalei are only of its distribution in the Philippines. In Indonesia, this species is known to occur on the coast of South Sulawesi as well as in Banten. The purposes of the present studies were to investigate effect of salinity, temperature and food value of four microalgae to C. iredalei larval growth. Fine filtration of water was carried out using Sartorius capsule filter cartridge (1.2 ìm and 0.2 ìm) and sterilization was achieved by passing the water through an ultraviolet light unit. Low-salinity water was prepared by diluting filtered seawater with distilled water. High-salinity water was made by adding synthetic sea salts. All cultures were kept in constant temperature baths. Experiments of 8-days (for temperature and salinity trials) and 10-days (for diet trial) duration were duplicated in 500 mL glass beakers with larval density of 104 per liter. Seawater was changed every 48 h. The algae, Isochrysis galbana, I. galbana clone T-ISO, and Pavlova lutheri were added to the glass beakers at a rate of 100 cells/ìL; cell density of Chaetoceros calsitrans was 250 cells/ìl at the start of the experiment and after every water change. Using thermostat chambers, 5 temperatures were tested, ranging from 14o to 34o in 5 steps. Four salinities were used, they ranged from 10 to 35‰ in 5‰ steps. For environmental condition trial, I. galbana as food was used. In diet trials, 4 species of algae were tested e.g. I. galbana, I. galbana T-ISO, P. lutheri, C. calcitrans and a mixture of algae, T-ISO/C. calcitrans. The optimum salinity range for growth of larvae was recorded at 20‰—30‰ at which the mean shell length was 85.1—87.7 ìm. The highest survival rate was recorded at salinity of 25‰—30‰, it was 91.6%—92.7%. There were significant differences in larval growth between temperature treatments. The optimum temperature for larval growth was at 24°C—29°C, with survival rate of 91.6%—93.0%. P. lutheri and I. galbana proved to be of equal value as diet for larval growth, with survival rates of 89.4%—90.6%. The best algal food was I. galbana clone T-ISO, which resulted in mean shell length 107.7 ìm and survival rate 86.7%.

Observation on gonad maturation of the first generation (F1) of humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis Tridjoko Tridjoko; Eri Setiadi; Suko Ismi; Fris Johnny
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

The purpose of this experiment was to know gonad maturation and spawning frequency of the first generation in humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis. This experiment had two groups of feed types (A and B). Both groups were put in circular concrete tanks with water volume of 75 m3 each. Each tank was stocked 40 fishes with body weight of 500—1,000 g/fish and total length of 28—38 cm. Group (A) was fed with trash fish, squid, and vitamin mix, while group (B) was fed with artificial diet. Both groups were fed once a day, in the morning. The water was exchange continuously, of 300%—500% per day. The result showed the fish spawn after 31 months rearing. During the experiment, the range of water temperature and salinity were 28.4°C—31.7°C and 30.2—34.4 ppt, respectively.

MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF Napoleon WRASSE, Cheilinus undulatus LARVAE Jhon Harianto Hutapea; Bejo Slamet
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

To improve the survival rate, napoleon wrasse larval rearing trial was conducted at Research Institute for Mariculture, Gondol-Bali in 2003. The trial aims at assessing initial feed for larvae, food habit, and morphological development from early larval stage to juvenile. The results showed that chicken egg yolk could be applied as initial feed and followed by rotifer, Artemia and mysid (Mesophodopsis sp.). Three swimming behavior of larvae were observed, drifting, free swimming and hiding on the substrate as larvae develop. Digestive system development, simple tube like, transition stage and coiled where digestive system could be distinguished between stomach, intestine and rectum.

RAPD FINGERPRINTING OF THREE SPECIES OF GROUPER (Epinephelus spp.) FROM MAKASSAR STRAIT, SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA Andi Parenrengi
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Grouper belonging to the epinepheline serranid family has promising aquaculture potential for food and ornamental fish production. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was employed in this study to determine the genetic variability and species differentiation of groupers from genus Epinephelus (E. areolatus, E. merra, and E. suillus). Groupers (N=52) were collected from Makassar Strait, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Of 34-screened RAPD primers, ten primers (OPA-02, OPA-06, OPA-08, OPA-10, OPA-15, OPA-16, OPA-17, OPA-18, OPA-19, and CA-05) were selected to generate the RAPD fingerprinting of groupers. Results indicated that the ten primers revealed different RAPD profile among three species. Similarity index obtained by pairwise comparison was 0.62 ± 0.07 for E. areolatus, 0.58 ± 0.11 for E. merra and 0.80 ± 0.11 for E. suillus. Polymorphism and genotype number detected were 51.3% ± 8.7% and 3.8 ± 0.6 in E. areolatus; 56.8% ± 14.6% and 4.1 ± 1.1 in E. merra; and 60.2% ± 11.8% and 3.8 ± 0.9 in E. suillus, respectively. Genetic distance level of individuals ranges from 0.19—0.42, 0.14—0.50, and 0.02—0.30 for E. areolatus, E. merra, and E. suillus, respectively. The genetic distance between E. merra and E. areolatus (D=0.52) was closer compared with E. merra and E. suillus (D=0.67). A total of 33 RAPD markers differentiating the three species of groupers were detected. The study presents the RAPD technique as the useful genetic marker for assessment of genetic diversity and species differentiation in groupers.

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF FISH CULTURE IN ABANDONED SAND MINING POOL Bambang Gunadi; Lukas Dharma; Ikhsan Khasani; Yosmaniar Yosmaniar; Lies Setijaningsih
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

One of main problems in freshwater aquaculture development in Indonesia, especially in Java, is unavailability of developing zone. It is important to find an underutilized area that meets for industrial scale freshwater aquaculture, i.e. sufficient water supply, wide area, and located in one area or zone. The abandoned mining (sand, tin, etc.) pools distributed along the country might be the potential area for freshwater aquaculture business. For example, there are at least 13 water pools with total surface area of 250 ha at 15 km side of Citarum River in Karawang District (West Java Province). This study was conducted to obtain preliminary data about the prospect and potency of fish culture (tilapia, clariid catfish, and ‘patin’ catfish) in abandoned sand-mining pools in Karawang District. Mini floating net cages of 1 x 1 x 1.5 m3 size were used for culturing fish, i.e. patin catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and clariid catfish (Clarias gariepinus), separately. Patin catfish were stocked at a size of 2 g with a density of 300 fish per cage, tilapia were stocked at a size of 6 g with a density of 400 fish per cage, while the clariid catfish were stocked at a size of 1.4 g with a density of 980 fish per cage. A floating commercial feed (30%—32% protein, 3%—5% fat) was used at a daily rate of 9% biomass weight at the beginning and reduced gradually to 3% at the final culture period. Observed data showed that patin catfish grew from the initial size of 2.08 g to the final size 299.59 g in 5 months, nile tilapia grew from individual initial size of 5.92 g to the final size of 247.12 g in 14 weeks, and clariid catfish grew from initial size of 1.39 g to the final size of 73.10 g in 8 weeks. These three species were technically prospective for aquaculture development in the abandoned sand-mining pools.

FEEDING INCIDENCE, GROWTH AND SURVIVAL RATE IN THE EARLY STAGE OF THE RED-SPOTTED GROUPER, Epinephelus akaara, IN RELATION TO TANK COLOR Eri Setiadi
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

The red-spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara, is one of marine fish species targeted for mariculture in Japan. The artificial mass seedling production of these species has been largely successful. However, the survival is still unstable. The effect of tank colors on the feeding incidence, feeding proportion, growth and survival rates in the early stage of the red-spotted grouper were examined. The results showed the feeding incidence, feeding proportion, growth, and survival rates at different tank colors were highly significantly different (P<0.001). Post hoc multiple comparisons based on Tukey’s test showed significant differences (P<0.05) regarding feeding incidence between yellow (70.45%) compared to white (55.83%), black (48.42%), green (41.67%), blue (35.17%), and red (32.50%). The highest feeding proportion (number of rotifer in the stomach/larvae) was found at yellow (5.62), followed by white (2.47), black (1.97), green (1.92), blue (1.71), and red (1.28). The specific growth rate showed significant differences (P<0.05) were found at yellow (2.14%) and white (1.84%) compared to black (1.46%), green (1.20%), blue (1.15%), and red (1.13%). The survival rate at yellow color (1.22%) was the highest, followed by white (1.09%), black (0.79%), green (0.57%), blue (0.38%), and red (0.37%). Yellow was suitable as tank wall color for rearing of red-spotted grouper larvae.

STUDY ON FRY PERFORMANCE OF BLACK TIGER SHRIMP Penaeus monodon WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS MORPHOLOGY AND RNA/DNA RATIO ANALYSIS Haryanti Haryanti; Ketut Mahardika; Sari Budi Moria; I Gusti Ngurah Permana
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Standard method to asses the performance of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) fry was needed for successful shrimp culture. The main purpose of this study was to determine standard method fry performance of P. monodon assesment based on its morphology and molecular RNA/DNA ratio analysis. Samples of P. monodon fry were collected from hatcheries in Bali, six hatcheries in East Java, three hatcheries in Central Java and six hatcheries in South Sulawesi. Each hatchery gave 25 appropriate sizes of fry samples taken from same tank culture. RNA/DNA ratio value was obtained from gene-quant measurement. Result of this study shown that morphology performance of shrimp fry correlated with RNA/DNA ratio. RNA/DNA ratio of shrimp fry from Bali hatcheries were obtained of 0.7121. Shrimp fry from hatcheries in East Java showed RNA/DNA value ranged between 0.2823-1.2132, while shrimp fry from hatcheries in Central Java and South Sulawesi ranged between 1.1810-17478 and 0.1798-0.5116 respectively.

Dietary Methionine Requirement for Growth of Juvenile Humpback Grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) Nyoman Adiasmara Giri; Ketut Suwirya; Muhammad Marzuqi
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

An experiment to find out amino acid methionine requirement for growth of juvenile humpback grouper has been conducted in 18 polycarbonate 100 L tanks. Each tank was equipped with flow-through water system. Twelve juveniles of humpback grouper (5.6 ± 0.7 g each) were randomly selected and stocked in each tank. Juveniles humpback grouper for the experiment were purchased from back yard hatchery in Gondol. Fish fed test diets twice everyday at satiation level for 49 days. Test diets were prepared as dry pellet with casein and fish meal as the intact protein sources, supplemented with the mixture of crystalline L-amino acids to correspond to the amino acid pattern found in the whole body protein of the juvenile humpback grouper, except methionine. Basal diet (diet-1) containing 0.86% methionine was supplied from casein and fish meal. Graded level (0.3%) of L-methionine was added to the basal diet to get the final methionine level in each test diet of 0.86%, 1.16%, 1.46%, 1.76%, 2.06%, and 2.36 %. The experiment was designed according to completely random design (CRD) with 6 treatments (methionine levels) and three replicates for each treatment. Result of the experiment showed that dietary methionine content influenced final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein retention, and body protein content of juvenile humpback grouper. Optimum dietary methionine for juvenile humpback grouper was calculated using broken line regression analysis. Optimum dietary methionine requirement for growth of juvenile humpback grouper was 1.18% (2.41% of dietary protein) and 1.16% (2.37% of dietary protein) based on weight gain data and feed efficiency, respectively.

PATTERN OF LIPID AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID CHANGES IN EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF TIGER GROUPER, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus LARVAE Muhammad Marzuqi; Ketut Suwirya; Nyoman Adiasmara Giri
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Development of early stage of larvae depends on body energy content. One of energy source in early larval stage is lipid. Lipid in eggs and early larval development stage of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) is used for energy and to maintain permeability of membrane cells. Therefore, lipid class for energy decreases and lipid class for maintaining membrane increases. Lipid quality in larvae depends on the content of essential fatty acid. Lipid from larval stage of neurula; 0, 1, 3, 4, 7, 12, 15, 17, and 20 days after hatching were observed on non polar, polar lipid, and essential fatty acid. The result of experiment showed that proportion of non polar lipid from neurula phase to three days larvae (D3) decreased from 81.9% to 36.5% and polar lipid increased from 18.1% to 63.5%. This result showed, that non polar lipid is used for energy and polar lipid for maintaining membrane of cell body. Essential fatty acid, such as EPA and DHA also decreased in non polar and polar lipid. Decreasing essential fatty acids was higher in non polar lipid than these in polar lipid.

Substitution of fishmeal with soybean meal in humpback Grouper, Cromileptes altivelis juvenile diets supplemented with phytase Rachman Syah; Usman Usman; Makmur Makmur; Taufik Ahmad
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (December 2006)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Feeding experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing fishmeal with soybean meal in diet on growth of humpback grouper. Fifteen cages of 1 x 1 x 1.2 m3 each stocked with 16 humpback grouper juveniles (61.3 ± 0.4 g/pc) were set up randomly in seawater. Fish were fed to satiation twice daily for 112 days. The control diet contained 61.9% fishmeal (63.34% crude protein). Four isonitrogenous (48% crude protein) and isocaloric (4.7 kcal/g feed) diets supplemented with commercial phytase “Rhonozyme-P” at 0.075% were formulated to contain different levels (8%, 16%, 24%, and 32%) soybean meal (43.65% crude protein) as a partial replacement for fishmeal. These diets contained total phosphorus levels between 3.6—4.5 (±0.4) % and 0.7—1.5 (±0.04) % available phosphorus. Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal (8 to 32% replacement) was not significantly different (P>0.05) to the control diet on daily growth rate (DGR), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and daily food consumption (DFC). However, the dietary levels of soybean meal significantly affected (P<0.05) whole body protein and phosphorus retention (Table 1). These data suggest that addition of phytase in diets could improve protein and phosphorus availability and reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loading in the environment. Phytase can therefore play an important role in formulating eco-friendly feed for humpback grouper. Based on P loading, supplementation of phytase enable up to 24% fishmeal replacement with soybean meal.

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Contact Name
Ofan Bosman

Contact Email
Ofan Bosman

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Journal Mail Official
iaj.puslitbangkan@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota adm. jakarta pusat,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA