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ALQALAM
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten
ISSN : 14103222     EISSN : 2620598X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Education Social Sciences
ALQALAM (e-ISSN: 2620-598X; p-ISSN: 1410-3222) is a journal published by the Center for Research and Community Service of UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten-INDONESIA. ALQALAM is an academic journal published twice a year (every six months). ALQALAM had been accreditated by Ministry of Education and Culture No. 80/DIKTI/Kep./2012, 13 Desember 2012. This journal focuses on specific themes of Islamic Studies.
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Search results for , issue " Vol 24 No 1 (2007): January - April 2007" : 1 Documents clear
KEDUDUKAN, DASAR-DASAR DAN ELEMEN-ELEMEN MAGI ORANG BANTEN Bahrul Ulumi, Helmy Faizi
ALQALAM Vol 24 No 1 (2007): January - April 2007
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Service of UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten-Serang City-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1657.811 KB) | DOI: 10.32678/alqalam.v24i1.1656

Abstract

Tulisan ini berusaha membedah magi orang Banten dari aspek kedudukannya dalam masyarakat, pendasaran-pendasarannya, dan elemen-elemen yang ada di dalamnya. Data diperoleh melalui dua cara, yaitu studi lapangan (kasus) di Kecamatan Ciomas Serang dan studi kepustakaan. Untuk elemen-elemen magi, penulis mendasarkan pembedahan pada teori dari Marcel Mauss dalam bukunya A General Theory of Magic.Bagi masyarakat Banten, agama dan magi adalah satu kesatuan. Agama berfungsi sebagai pedoman hidup abstrak untuk tujuan keakhiratan, sedangkan magi beifungsi untuk aspek-aspek kehidupan yang praktis, fungsional dan kongkrit. Keterkaitan ini melahirkan ajaran sareat-hakekat. Sareat adalah usaha yang dilakukan manusia dengan menggunakan kekuatan dirinya dan (atau) kekuatan magi. Hakekat adalah kepasrahan kepada keputusan Tuhan, apakah sareat seorang manusia itu dikabulkan atau tidak. Dasar magi orang Banten adalah agama Islam dan tradisi loka. Elemen-elemen magi terdiri dari pelaku magi, ritus, dan representasi. Pelaku magi yang utama di Banten disebut Kiyai Hikmah. Ia berperan sebagai produsen magi dan pemilik otoritas magi (pemilik ijazah). Kondisi ritus magi terkait dengan waktu, tempat, material, alat dan kondisi kejiwaan. Ritus non verbalnya lebih bersifat simbolis (symbolic rites, holy actions) daripada simpatetis. Ritus verbal terdiri dari mantera (wirid) yang diucapkan, mantera yang ditulis, naktu, al-jafr (ilmu tentang makna dan nilai magis huruf). Representasi personal yang sering digunakan adalah Tuhan (Gusti Allah), Jin, khodam, dan ruh orang-orang suci dan leluhur.

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