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INDONESIA
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology)
Published by Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia
ISSN : 16930339     EISSN : 25798634     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32491
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Aims and Scope Aims: Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) aims to publish original research results on fishes (pisces) in fresh, brackish and sea waters including biology, physiology, and ecology, and their application in the fields of fishing, aquaculture, fisheries management, and conservation. Scope: This journal publishes high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects Aquaculture, Fish biodiversity, Fisheries management, Fish diseases, Fishery biotecnology, Moleculer genetics, Fish health management, Fish biodiversity.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 21 No 1 (2021): February 2021" : 6 Documents clear
Prevalence of endoparasites and histopathological evaluation of intestine in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) from aquaculture pond in Janti, Polanharjo District, Klaten Regency Putri Aji Sutarni; Elisa Herawati; Agung Budiharjo
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2021): February 2021
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v21i1.547

Abstract

Parasitic disease in aquaculture brings a great challenge to fish production. Appropriate control measure and treatment can be carried out if farmers are equipped with sufficient information on the existence of infection and its consequences on fish health. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of endoparasites in the intestine of Nile tilapia (Oreochrois niloticus) and any histological changes associated with the infection. Forty fishes were collected using purposive sampling technique at two location of aquaculture ponds in Janti village from September to December 2019. Each sampling size consisted of 10% of the total fish population in the pond. Identification of parasites was performed based on their morphology according to the standard method. Three genera of nematodes were found from fishes cultured at aquaculture ponds from local farmers, but not from that of PBIAT (Hatchery and Freshwater Fish Aquaculture). The endoparasites were identified as Cichlidogyrus sp., Acanthocephalus sp., and Ceratomyxa sp. with prevalence of 25% and intensity of 1.2%. Histological sections of the intestine of fish infected with these parasites showed alteration in the mucosa layers, such as edema and extension of the mucosa. Information on the presence of endoparasites and its effect on nile tilapia culture is important for fish farmers because it can be used as reference to control fish parasites effectively. Abstrak Penyakit ikan yang disebabkan oleh parasit menjadi tantangan besar bagi produksi ikan. Langkah pengendalian dan metode pengobatan yang tepat dapat dilakukan apabila pembudidaya ikan memiliki informasi yang cukup mengenai adanya infeksi parasit dan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung prevalensi endoparasit pada intestinum ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dan mengetahui perubahan histologis yang berasosiasi dengan infeksi tersebut. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 40 ikan dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling di dua lokasi kolam budidaya di Desa Janti pada bulan September-Desember 2019. Jumlah ikan yang diambil merupakan 10% dari total populasi ikan di tiap kolam. Identifikasi parasit dilakukan berdasarkan morfologinya sesuai dengan metode standar. Tiga genera nematoda ditemukan pada sampel ikan yang dibudidayakan di kolam budidaya warga, sedangkan sampel ikan dari kolam Perbenihan dan Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar (PBIAT) tidak mengandung parasit. Endoparasit yang teridentifikasi yaitu Cichlidogyrus sp., Acanthocephalus sp., dan Ceratomyxa sp. dengan prevalensi sebesar 25% dan intensitas sebesar 1,2%. Jaringan intestinum ikan yang terinfeksi parasit menunjukkan adanya perubahan pada lapisan mukosa berupa edema dan perluasan tunika mukosa. Informasi tentang keberadaan endoparasit dan pengaruhnya pada ikan nila sangat penting bagi para pembudidaya ikan karena dapat menjadi acuan untuk pengendalian parasit secara efektif.
Effect of fermented rice bran concentration using Lactobacillus sp in artificial feed on growth performance and enzyme activity of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Surianti Surianti; Fitratul Muaddama; Wahyudi Wahyudi; Sri Wahyuni Firman
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2021): February 2021
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v21i1.548

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the dose of fermented rice bran using Lactobacillus sp. on growth performance and enzyme activity in tilapia. This research was conducted in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The test animal used was tilapia larvae measuring 1.17 g. The maintenance container is a tarp pool with a size of 1 m x 1 m x 1 m filled with fresh water as much as 85 L. The study was designed using a completely randomized design consisting of four treatments and three replications, thus there were 12 experimental units. The treatment was determined based on the dose of fermented rice bran using Lactobacillus sp. which differ, namely 0, 10, 15 and 20%. The test feed was given to tilapia larvae, which were stocked with 20 fish per container for 60 days of rearing. The specific growth rate data of tilapia were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and enzyme activity was analysed descriptively based on the viability of tilapia. The results showed that tilapia fed with 20% fermented rice bran had a significant effect on the specific growth rate, protease and amylase enzyme activity. The optimal dosage of fermented rice bran using Lactobacillus sp. is 15-20%. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh dosis dedak padi terfermentasi menggunakan Lactobacillus sp. terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan aktivitas enzim pada ikan nila. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah larva ikan nila berukuran 1,17 g. Wadah pemeliharaan adalah kolam terpal dengan ukuran 1 m x 1 m x 1 m yang diisi air tawar sebanyak 85 L. Penelitian didesain dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri atas empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, dengan demikian terdapat 12 satuan percobaan. Perlakuan ditentukan berdasarkan dosis dedak padi terfermentasi menggunakan Lactobacillusp. yang berbeda yaitu 0, 10, 15 dan 20 %. Pakan uji diberikan pada larva ikan nila yang ditebar 20 ekor setiap wadah selama 60 hari pemeliharaan. Data laju pertumbuhan spesifik ikan nila yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan aktivitas enzim dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan kelayakan hidup ikan nila. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan nila yang diberi pakan dengan kandungan dedak padi terfermentasi 20% memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap laju pertumbuhan spesifik, aktivitas enzim protease dan amilase. Dosis dedak padi terfermentasi menggunakan Lactobacillus sp. yang optimal yaitu 15-20%.
Effect of periodic feed retrictions and refeeding on compensatory growth and blood physiology of of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Adam Robisalmi; Kartiawati Alipin; Bambang Gunadi
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2021): February 2021
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v21i1.549

Abstract

Red tilapia is a one of the economically important fish species. In order to increase growth and feed efficiency, feed restriction strategies can be carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of periodic (weekly) restriction of feed on compensatory growth and physiological responses of red tilapia during the enlargement phase. The activity was carried out at the Fish Breeding Research Center for 4 months. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) 4 treatments with 3 replications, namely control (fish were fed daily), 1 (1 fasting day a week), 2 (2 fasting days a week), and 3 (3 fasting days a week). Fish rearing was conducted on the concrete tub measuring 2 x 1 x 0.8 m3 with a stocking density of 10 fish m-2. During the maintenance period of 120 days the fish were fed satiation twice a day. The results showed significant differences (P <0.05) in the value of weight growth, specific growth rate, daily growth and feed conversion ratio between control and other treatments, but not significantly different from treatment S1. The highest survival value was indicated by S1 treatment. The blood faal values of fish that were given feed restrictions consisting of red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin showed that there was not significantly different than control fish (P> 0.05), which was at normal values. Restriction of feed to 1 day a week showed partial compensatory growth with better feed efficiency than fish fed daily. Abstrak Ikan nila merah merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Peningkatan pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan dapat dilakukan dengan strategi pembatasan pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh pembatasan dan pemberian pakan kembali secara berkala (setiap minggu) terhadap pertumbuhan kompensatori dan kondisi fisiologis ikan nila merah selama fase pembesaran. Kegiatan dilakukan di Balai Riset Pemuliaan Ikan selama 4 bulan. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap 4 perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan yaitu kontrol (ikan diberi pakan setiap hari), 1 (1 hari puasa dalam seminggu), 2 (2 hari puasa dalam seminggu), dan 3 (3 hari puasa dalam seminggu). Pemeliharaan dilakukan pada bak beton ukuran 2 x 1 x 0,8 m3 dengan padat tebar 10 ekor m-2. Selama masa pemeliharan 120 hari ikan diberi pakan secara satiasi dua kali sehari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada nilai pertumbuhan bobot, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, pertumbuhan harian dan nisbah konversi pakan antara kontrol dengan perlakuan lainnya, namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan 1. Adapun nilai sintasan tertinggi ditunjukkan perlakuan 1. Nilai faal darah ikan yang diberi pembatasan pakan terdiri sel darah merah, sel darah putih, hematokrit dan hemoglobin menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan ikan kontrol (P>0,05) yaitu berada pada nilai normal. Pembatasan pakan 1 hari dalam seminggu menunjukkan pertumbuhan kompensatori parsial dengan efisiensi pakan yang lebih baik dibanding ikan yang diberi pakan setiap hari.
Length-weight relationship of bigeye scad, Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793): Regular vs hierarchical bayesian methods BG Hutubessy; VPY Likumahuwa; JW Mosse
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2021): February 2021
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v21i1.550

Abstract

Fisheries management or conservation requires information on length-weight relationship (LWR) for the fishing regulation and biomass estimation. This study aims to assess LWR estimation using two methods, regular and Bayesian hierarchical approached for big-eye Scad (Selar crumenophthalmus). Samples of big eye Scad were collected at several fish landings around Ambon Island from March to August 2020. Length-weight relationship measurement to obtain the parameters of W = a*Lb was tested using generalized linear model and t-test. The parameter b for monthly sampling was not significantly different (F = 0.77, df = 70, P = 0.89) and showed isometric growth b=3 (t = -1.13, df = 4, P = 0.32). Regular measurement resulted parameter log10(a) = -1.99 (±SD = 1.06) dan b = 3.06 (±SD = 0.084). Bayesian method produced parameter log10(a) = -2.07 (±SD = 0.2365) dan parameter b = 3.21 (±SD = 0.1497). Weight measurement from HB approach was significantly higher than the regular method (t = 1.65; df = 405; P <0.0001), and might produce over-estimated of weight from length data. Discrepancy of these methods was overcome by combining all information of LWR to obtain the best estimation on LWR parameters. Abstrak Pengelolaan perikanan atau konservasi memerlukan informasi tentang bobot ikan untuk estimasi biomassa dan regulasi penangkapan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan hubungan panjang-bobot hasil pendekatan hirarki bayesian dengan pengukuran regresi langsung ikan selar bentong, Selar crumenophthalmus. Ikan selar bentong dikoleksi dari lima tempat pendaratan ikan di Pulau Ambon dari bulan Maret hingga Agustus 2020. Pengukuran panjang total dan bobot ikan selar bentong bertujuan untuk memperoleh hubungan panjang-bobot dengan formulasi W = a*Lb. Uji general linear model dipakai untuk menguji parameter b (kemiringan) pada bulan pengamatan yang berbeda. Uji-t satu sampel dipakai untuk menguji pertumbuhan isometrik (b=3). Hasil penghitungan hubungan panjang-bobot berdasarkan pengukuran langsung dibandingkan dengan hasil estimasi dengan pendekatan bayesian dan diuji dengan uji-t. Nilai parameter b dari pengamatan langsung tidak berbeda untuk bulan pengamatan (F = 0,77, df = 70, P = 0,89) dan ikan selar memiliki pola pertumbuhan isometrik, b=3 (t = -1,13, df = 4, P = 0,32). Pengukuran regresi langsung memperoleh parameter log10(a) = -1,99 (±sb = 1,06) dan b = 3,06 (±sb = 0,084). Metode Bayesian menghasilkan parameter log10(a) = -2,07 (±sb = 0,2365) dan parameter b = 3,21 (±sb = 0,1497). Estimasi bobot dengan pendekatan bayesian terlalu tinggi (t = 1,65; df = 405; P < 0,0001), memungkinkan timbulnya bias pada pendugaan biomassa. Hasil ini berarti metode bayesian adalah over estimasi, sehingga perlu banyak data dan info yang digabung untuk menekan bias dalam mengestimasi hubungan panjang-bobot dan biomassa.
Genetic characteristic of giant featherback, Chitala lopis (Bleeker, 1851) from Lampung and Kalimantan using COI Gene Alam Putra Persada; Dedy Duryadi Solihin; Ridwan Affandi
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2021): February 2021
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v21i1.551

Abstract

DNA barcoding based on partial Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in the mitochondrial has widely used in species identification and biodiversity studies. COI gene application is expected to obtain genetic characteristic, genetic variations and phylogeny of giant featherback. The aim of this research was to analyze genetic diversity of giant featherback Chitala lopis in Lampung and Kalimantan. To analyse genetic distance, Kimura two parameter (K2P) model was performed where to determine nucleotide variation & polymorphism and also reconstructed of phylogenetic tree was used MEGA 7.0 software. Total nine individuals were obtained from three populations, i.e. Lampung, West Kalimantan and South Kalimantan. The results showed that giant featherback has 689 bp conserve, 18 bp variation, 13 bp parsimony-informative, and 2 bp singleton sites from 707 bp COI partial gene. The average within-species, in-group, and out-group based on K2P distances were 1.24%, 1.43% & 1.58% (AP008922.1; KM213054.1), and 13.00% respectively. The Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) was obtaining from 13 SNP sites. West Kalimantan samples have two SNP (471 and 528 site). The South Kalimantan samples showed more specific nucleotides with nine SNP (120, 129, 144, 201, 306, 324, 474, 615 and 644). Based on genetic distance, the biggest difference was in the South Kalimantan sample (1.58%) compared with Lampung and West Kalimantan. The results of the K2P neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree reconstruction show that the South Kalimantan samples are in a different group. The West Kalimantan sample shows that it is closely related to the Lampung. Abstrak Barkoding DNA berdasarkan gen parsial Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) mitokondria telah banyak digunakan pada identifikasi spesies dan studi biodiversitas. Penggunaan gen COI mampu memperoleh karakteristik genetik, variasi genetik, dan filogeni. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keragaman genetik spesies ikan belida Chitala lopis asal Lampung dan Kalimantan. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu menghitung jarak genetik dengan model Kimura two parameter (K2P), melihat variasi nukleotida, polimorfisme dan merekonstruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan software MEGA 7.0. Sebanyak sembilan individu ikan belida dikoleksi dari tiga populasi yaitu: Lampung, Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Selatan. Hasil analisis urutan nukleotida yang didapat menunjukkan 689 pb situs konservatif, 18 pb situs variasi, 13 pb situs parsimoni, dan 2 pb situs singleton dari 707 pb gen parsial COI. Jarak rata-rata intraspesies, ingroup, outgroup berdasarkan K2P adalah 1,24%, 1,43% & 1,58% (Kode akses Genbank: AP008922.1; KM213054.1), 13,00%. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) yang diperoleh sebanyak 13 situs. Sampel Kalimantan Barat memiliki dua SNP pada situs (471 dan 528). Kalimantan Selatan memiliki sembilan SNP (situs ke 120, 129, 144, 201, 306, 324, 474, 615 dan 644). Berdasarkan jarak genetik, perbedaan terbesar terletak pada sampel Kalimantan Selatan (1,58%) dibandingkan dengan Lampung dan Kalimantan Barat. Hasil rekonstruksi pohon filogenetik K2P neighbor-joining, menunjukkan bahwa sampel Kalimantan Selatan berada pada grup yang berbeda. Sampel Kalimantan Barat menunjukkan kekerabatan lebih dekat dengan grup Lampung.
Population diversity of striped snakehead, Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) from Bekasi, West Java and Barito Kuala, South Kalimantan using Cytochrome B gene Gita Kusuma Rahayu; Dedy Duryadi Solihin; Nurlisa A Butet
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2021): February 2021
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v21i1.552

Abstract

Channa striata or striped snakehead is one of species from family Channidae that widely distributed from India, Southern China to Southeast Asia including Indonesia. It is a commercially important freshwater fish because of its taste and health benefits. High demand of this species trigger many efforts to increase its production, one of them is genetic monitoring. This study used complete Cytochrome b gene sequence of mtDNA for determining genetic variation in wild population of C. striata. C. striata samples (n=31) from two different locations in Indonesia were amplified and analyzed using MEGA ver 7.0. Sequences of 1140 bp complete cyt b gene revealed the presence of 2 haplotypes with 1137 bp conserved sites and 3 bp variable sites (0,26%). Overlapping haplotype was observed in samples from Bekasi, however there were only one haplotype in samples from South Borneo. Interspecies genetic were analysed with species from Genebank and showed that C. striata from Indonesia has close genetic relationships with C. striata from Borneo-Indonesia (MN057164.1) with genetic distance 0%. This study also revealed that C. striata from Indonesia were phylogenetically distinct with C. striata from China with 9,2%K2P genetic distance. Complete cyt b gene has been proven for assessing phylogenetic relationships and population diversity of C. striata in Indonesia. Abstrak Channa striata atau ikan gabus haruan adalah salah spesies dari famili Channidae yang tersebar luas mulai dari India, Cina bagian selatan hingga Asia Tenggara termasuk Indonesia. Hewan ini dikenal sebagai jenis ikan air tawar yang bernilai ekonomis karena rasa dan manfaat kesehatannya. Permintaan yang tinggi akan spesies ini mendorong upaya peningkatkan produksinya salah satunya dari segi pengawasan genetiknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan sekuen utuh gen Cytochrome b (cyt b) pada DNA mitokondria untuk menentukan variasi genetik populasi liar C. striata. Sampel C. striata (n=31) Indonesia asal dua lokasi berbeda berhasil diamplifikasi dan dianalisis menggunakan MEGA ver 7.0. Sekuen utuh gen cyt b sepanjang 1140 bp yang didapat menunjukkan adanya 2 haplotipe dengan 1137 bp situs konservatif dan 3 bp situs bervariasi (0,26%). Haplotipe yang tumpang tindih ditemukan pada sampel asal Bekasi, dan hanya ada satu haplotipe pada sampel asal Kalimantan Selatan. Analisis genetik interspesies dengan spesies dari Genebank menunjukkan sampel C. striata memiliki kedekatan genetik dengan C. striata (MN057164.1) asal Kalimantan-Indonesia dengan jarak genetik 0%. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa C. striata dengan C. striata asal Cina dengan rata-rata jarak genetik 9,2%. Gen cyt b utuh mampu menjelaskan kekerabatan filogenetik dan memberikan informasi keragaman populasi C. striata asal Indonesia.

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