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INDONESIA
JURNAL PANGAN
Published by Perusahaan Umum Badan Urusan Logistik
ISSN : 08520607     EISSN : 25276239     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Social Sciences
PANGAN merupakan sebuah jurnal ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Pusat Riset dan Perencanaan Strategis Perum BULOG, terbit secara berkala tiga kali dalam setahun pada bulan April, Agustus, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN" : 7 Documents clear
Reviu Jenis, Aspek Perlindungan dan Migrasi Bahan Kemasan dalam Pengemasan Minyak Nabati (Review of Types, Protection Aspects, and Migration of Packaging Materials in Packaging of Vegetable Oil) Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v29i3.475

Abstract

ABSTRAK Pengemasan minyak nabati dan produknya seperti minyak goreng, minyak untuk salad, margarin, dan shortening bertujuan untuk melindungi minyak agar dapat menjangkau konsumen secara aman, sehat, dan tanpa mengurangi kualitasnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengulas jenis bahan kemasan untuk minyak nabati, aspek perlindungan bahan kemasan terhadap mutu minyak, dan migrasi bahan kemasan ke dalam produk minyak. Bahan kemasan yang umum digunakan untuk mengemas minyak nabati dan produknya adalah kaca, baja, pelat timah, dan bahan plastik seperti polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) dan high density polyethylene (HDPE). Bahan-bahan kemasan tersebut memiliki keunggulan dan kelemahan dalam pengemasan minyak nabati yang tergantung pada fungsinya agar mutu minyak stabil selama distribusi dan penyimpanan. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi stabilitas minyak dalam kemasan meliputi faktor internal (komposisi asam lemak dan komponen minor pada minyak nabati) dan faktor eskternal (oksigen, cahaya, suhu, dan waktu penyimpanan). Pemilihan bahan kemasan juga harus mempertimbangkan keamanan minyak dari kontaminan akibat migrasi dari bahan kemasan. Migrasi bahan kemasan dipengaruhi oleh jenis minyak, di mana migrasi total bahan kemasan sedikit lebih tinggi pada minyak yang mengandung asam lemak rantai pendek dan asam lemak tidak jenuh pada jumlah tinggi. kata kunci: kemasan, migrasi, minyak nabati, mutu, plastik ABSTRACT The packaging of vegetable oils and their products such as cooking oil, salad oil, margarine, and shortening aims to protect the oil from reaching consumers safely, healthily, and without reducing its quality. This article reviews the packaging materials types for vegetable oils, protection aspects of packaging material to oil quality, and packaging materials migration into oil products. Packaging materials commonly used to package vegetable oils are glass, steel, tin plates, and plastics such as polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Packaging materials have advantages and disadvantages in the packaging of vegetable oils depend on their functions, so the oil stable during distribution and storage. Factors that influence the package’s oil stability cover internal factors (fatty acid composition and minor components of vegetable oils) and external factors (oxygen, light, temperature, and storage time). Packaging material elections must also consider oil safety from contaminants due to packaging material migration. Packaging materials migration is also influenced by the type of oil, where packaging materials total migration is slightly higher in oils containing short-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids at high amounts. keywords: packaging, migration, vegetable oil, quality, plastic  
Dampak Penggunaan Alat dan Mesin Pertanian Pada Program Upaya Khusus (UPSUS) Terhadap Kinerja Sistem Produksi Padi Di Kabupaten Tegal (The Impact of the Utilization of Agricultural Equipment and Machinery on Rice Production in Tegal Regency) Franciscus Rudi Prasetyo Hantoro.
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v29i3.482

Abstract

ABSTRAK Salah satu implementasi Program Upaya Khusus (UPSUS) Peningkatan Produksi Padi Jagung Kedelai (Pajale) untuk mencapai swasembada pangan yaitu melalui pemberian bantuan alat dan mesin pertanian (alsintan) yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi, produktivitas, dan Indeks Pertanaman (IP) padi. Bantuan alsintan pada program UPSUS diberikan berdasarkan atas asas pemerataan. Penggunaan alsintan pada berbagai agroekosistem memiliki dampak hasil yang berbeda. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan dampak penggunaan alat dan mesin pertanian program UPSUS terhadap produksi, produktivitas, dan indeks pertanaman padi di agroekosistem dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi di Kabupaten Tegal. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei dan penarikan sampel dilakukan teknik stratified random sampling. Pemilihan lokasi secara purposive. Lokasi pengambilan sampel yaitu Kecamatan Warureja untuk mewakili dataran rendah dan Kecamatan Bojong untuk mewakili dataran tinggi. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan alsintan telah meningkatkan produksi, produktivitas dan IP padi pada agroekosistem dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi di Kabupaten Tegal. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam peningkatan produksi dan produktivitas padi di dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi. Perbedaan yang signifikan dari penggunaan alsintan bantuan ditemukan pada peningkatan IP padi yang hanya di daerah dataran tinggi. Secara umum penggunaan alsintan bantuan berdampak positif terhadap peningkatan produksi, produktivitas, dan IP padi di Kabupaten Tegal. kata kunci: alsintan, produksi, produktivitas, indeks pertanaman, program UPSUS. ABSTRACT One of the Special Effort Program (UPSUS) is to increase rice, corn, and soybeans (Pajale) to achieve food self-sufficiency, namely agricultural equipment and machinery assistance is expected to increase production, productivity, and rice planting indexes.  Agricultural equipment and machinery assistance in the special effort program is provided based on the principle of equity. The use of agricultural equipment and machinery in different agroecosystems has different yield impacts. This study is aimed to analyze the differences in the impact of the utilization of agricultural equipment and machinery in  the great Effort Program on production, productivity, and rice planting index in lowland and upland agroecosystems in Tegal Regency. This research method used survey methods, and sampling was done by using the stratified random sampling technique. The research location was selected purposively. The sampling locations were Warureja Sub District to represent the lowlands and Bojong Sub District to represent the highlands. The data were  using the Kruskal Wallis Test. The analysis results showed that the utilization of agricultural tools and machinery hadincreased the production, productivity, and planting index between lowland and upland agroecosystems in Tegal Regency. There are no significant differences in rice production and productivity after the utilization of agricultural equipment and machinery in the lowland and highland areas. A significant difference in the use of assisted agricultural equipment and machinery was n the increase in the rice planting index, which only occurred in upland areas.  In general, the use of assisted agricultural equipment and machinery has a positive impact on increasing rice production, productivity, and the rice planting index in Tegal Regency. keywords: agricultural equipment and machinery, production, productivity, planting index, great effort programs.    
Pengembangan Formula Sereal Sarapan Berbasis Beras Hitam Pecah Kulit, Kacang Merah dan Wijen (Development of Breakfast Cereal Formula Based on Unpolished Black Rice, Red Beans and Sesame) Slamet Budijanto
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v29i3.490

Abstract

ABSTRAK Beras hitam (Oryza sativa L.) pecah kulit mengandung senyawa fenolik yang memiliki potensi antioksidan. Kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi, sedangkan wijen (Sesamum indicum L.) banyak disukai karena aromanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan formula sereal sarapan terbaik dengan bahan baku beras hitam pecah kulit, kacang merah, dan wijen. Formula terbaik dipilih berdasarkan sifat fisik dan uji hedonik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor kombinasi kacang merah (0 persen; 5 persen; 10 persen) (b/b) dan wijen (0 persen; 5 persen; 10 persen) (b/b) terhadap sifat fisik sereal sarapan (derajat pengembangan, indeks penyerapan air, indeks kelarutan air, kekerasan, kerenyahan) dan uji hedonik. Formula sereal sarapan terbaik dihasilkan pada penambahan 5 persen tepung kacang merah dan 10 persen wijen. Sereal sarapan terbaik memiliki rata-rata total senyawa fenolik sebesar 0,177 mg GAE/g. Kandungan proksimat sereal sarapan antara lain kadar air sebesar 7,79 persen (bb), kadar abu sebesar 2,15 persen (bb), kadar protein sebesar 10,21 persen (bb), kadar lemak sebesar 2,15 persen (bb), dan kadar karbohidrat sebesar 77,70 persen (bb). Penambahan tepung kacang merah meningkatkan jumlah protein pada sereal sarapan. Sereal sarapan termasuk produk sereal sarapan rendah lemak.   kata kunci: beras hitam, fenol, kacang merah, sereal sarapan, wijen. ABSTRACT Unpolished black rice (Oryza sativa L) contains phenolic compounds and fiber, which have antioxidant potential. Red beans (Phaseolus vulgarises L) have high protein content, while sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) has high popularity due to its good odor. This study aimed to develop breakfast cereals from dehulled black rice, red beans, and sesame seed based on their physical properties and the hedonic test. The experimental design applied was the completely randomized design, i.e. combination of red beans addition (0 percent; 5 percent; 10 percent, ww) and sesame seed (0 percent; 5 percent; 10 percent, ww) toward expansion index, water absorption index, water solubility index, hardness, crispness, and hedonic score. The best breakfast cereal formula was shown by adding 5 percent red beans and 10 percent sesame seeds. Cereal had an average of total phenolic compounds 0,177 mg GAE/g. The proximate content of cereals included 7,79 percent moisture content (ww), 2,15 percent ash content (ww), 10,21 percent protein content (ww), 2,15 percent fat content (ww), and 77,70 percent carbohydrate content (ww). The addition of red beans flour increased the amount of protein in cereals. The final cereal product made could be categorized as a low-fat cereal.  keywords: black rice, cereals, phenol, red beans, sesame
Produktivitas Tumpangsari Kedelai dengan Jagung pada Akhir Musim Hujan di Lahan Kering Beriklim Kering (Productivity of Soybean Intercropping with Maize at the End of Rainy Season in Dry Land with Dry Climate ) Afandi Kristiono; Siti Muzaiyanah; Dian Adi Anggraeni Elisabeth; Arief Harsono
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v29i3.495

Abstract

ABSTRAK Luas panen kedelai di Indonesia pada 2017 hanya mencapai 355.799 ha dengan produksi 538.728 ton. Untuk mencapai swasembada, luas panen tersebut harus dapat ditingkatkan menjadi 1,2 juta ha dengan produktivitas 1,6 ton/ha. Peningkatan luas panen kedelai dapat dilakukan pada lahan kering dan iklim kering yang pemanfaatannya belum maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produktivitas dan kelayakan teknis paket teknologi budidaya kedelai tumpang sari dengan jagung di lahan kering beriklim kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim hujan (MH) 2017/2018 di Kecamatan Tegaldlimo, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur pada zona iklim D3 (3–4 bulan basah/tahun) dengan jenis tanah vertisol, mengikuti pola tanam padi gogo – jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cara tanam tumpang sari kedelai dengan jagung baris ganda setelah panen padi gogo, mampu memberikan hasil biji jagung kering 2,03 ton/ha dan kedelai 1,50 ton/ha. Cara tanam ini lebih menguntungkan daripada tanam jagung atau kedelai monokultur yang berturut-turut memberikan hasil 3,50 ton/ha dan 1,85 ton/ha biji kering. Hasil kedelai dan jagung pada saat penelitian tidak maksimal karena selama pertumbuhan curah hujan hanya 194 mm, sehingga tanaman terutama jagung mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Keuntungan usahatani kedelai monokultur, jagung monokultur, dan kedelai tumpang sari dengan jagung berturut-turut adalah Rp8.633.500,00; Rp5.039.400,00; dan Rp11.090.600,00 per ha. Tumpang sari kedelai dengan jagung mampu memanfaatkan lahan lebih efisien dengan Nilai Kesetaraan Lahan (NKL) 1,39. kata kunci: jagung, kedelai, lahan kering beriklim kering, tumpang sari ABSTRACT Soybean harvested area in Indonesia in 2017 only reached 356,799 ha with a total production of 538,728 tons. To achieve self-sufficiency, the harvested area must be increased to 1.2 million ha with a productivity of 1.6 tons/ha. To increase the harvested area, soybean can be developed in a dry land with dry climate that has not been utilized optimally. The study aimed to evaluate the productivity and technical feasibility of soybean intercropping with maize in a dry land with a dry climate. The study was conducted in the rainy season of 2017/2018 at Tegaldlimo Sub-district, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province in the D3 climate zone (3–4 wet months/year) at vertisol soil using the cropping pattern of upland rice-maize.The results indicated that soybean is intercropping with maize in a double row after upland rice harvesting was able to provide the dry seeds yield of maize 2.03 tons/ha and soybean 1.50 tons/ha. This planting method was more profitable compared to maize monoculture yielding 3.50 tons/ha or soybean monoculture yielding 1.85 tons/ha dry seeds yield. The yields of soybean and maize in the study were not optimal due to low precipitation to only 194 mm during the plant growth, so the crops, particularly the maize experienced drought stress. The benefits of soybean monoculture, maize monoculture, and soybean intercropping with maize farming were 8,633,500 IDR, 5,039,400 IDR, and 11,090,600 IDR per ha, respectively. The soybean intercropping with maize was also able to utilize land more efficiently with a Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) of 1.39. keywords: maize, soybean, dry land with dry climate, intercropping
Daya Saing dan Proteksi Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap Kedelai Domestik di Kabupaten Grobogan, Jawa Tengah (The Competitiveness and Government Policies Protection to Domestic Soybeans in Grobogan Regency, Central Java) Chanifah chanifah; Dewi Sahara; Joko Triastono
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v29i3.505

Abstract

ABSTRAK Kedelai domestik lebih aman dikonsumsi dibandingkan kedelai transgenik, serta memiliki kadar protein lebih tinggi dibanding kedelai impor. Pengembangan kedelai domestik masih prospektif, namun daya saing kedelai domestik terhadap kedelai impor semakin berat akibat melimpahnya kedelai impor. Kebijakan pemerintah berupa input-output diharapkan mampu melindungi kedelai domestik agar mampu berdaya saing. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis daya saing kedelai domestik serta tingkat proteksi kebijakan pemerintah terhadap kedelai domestik di Kabupaten Grobogan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di sentra produksi kedelai, yaitu Desa Panunggalan, Kecamatan Pulokulon, Kabupaten Grobogan. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui survei terhadap 30 petani kedelai pada bulan April 2019. Data primer adalah data usahatani kedelai yang ditanam pada awal musim hujan tahun 2017/2018. Data dianalisis menggunakan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani kedelai domestik di Kabupaten Grobogan terbukti memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif dengan nilai PCR 0,88 dan DRCR 0,92. Kebijakan pemerintah terhadap output, input dan output-input pada usahatani kedelai domestik bersifat memproteksi kedelai domestik dan menguntungkan petani sehingga petani memperoleh surplus lebih tinggi. Kebijakan pemerintah berupa subsidi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing kedelai domestik menjadi lebih kuat. kata kunci: Daya Saing, Kedelai, PAM Analisis. ABSTRACT Domestic soybeans are safer to consume than transgenic soybeans and have higher protein content than imported soybeans. Domestic soybean development is still prospective, but domestic soybeans' competitiveness is getting more massive due to the abundance of imported soybeans. Government policy in the form of input-output is expected to protect domestic soybeans from being competitive. This research analyzes the competitiveness and level of protection of government policies on domestic soybeans in Grobogan Regency. The research was conducted in soybean production centers, which is Panunggalan Village, Pulokulon District, Grobogan Regency. The research data was obtained through a survey of 30 soybean farmers in April 2019. Primary data is data on soybean farming planted at the beginning of the 2017/2018 rainy season. Data analyzed using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The results indicate that domestic soybean farming in Grobogan Regency is proven to have comparative and competitive advantages with PCR values 0.88 and DRCR 0.92. Government policy on output, input, and output-input of domestic soybean farming protects domestic soybeans and benefits farmers to get a higher surplus. Government policy in the form of subsidies is expected to strengthen the competitiveness of domestic soybeans. keywords: competitiveness, soybean, PAM analysis.
Identifikasi Pengaruh Dosis Pemupukan Trichokompos terhadap Fase Awal Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Ungu Antioksidan (Identification of the Trichocompost Fertilizer Dose Effect on the Early Growth of Purple Corn Anthocyanins) Andi Ayu Nurnawati
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v29i3.524

Abstract

ABSTRAK Jagung ungu merupakan salah satu dari beberapa varian warna jagung pulut yang belum begitu dikenal oleh masyarakat namun kaya akan manfaat. Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk trichokompos terhadap variabel pengamatan diantaranya persentase tumbuh tanaman, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun pada fase awal pertumbuhan tanaman jagung ungu. Persentase tumbuh tanaman diamati pada 7 hari setelah tanam kemudian tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun diamati pada 14 hari setelah tanam. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan dosis pupuk trichokompos (0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, 25 ton/ha, 30 ton/ha dan 35 ton/ha) yang diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Analisis data menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ (Uji Lanjut Tukey), apabila diperoleh hasil yang berpengaruh beda nyata pada perlakuan yang diujikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis pupuk trichokompos berpengaruh nyata pada variabel pengamatan jumlah daun di mana dosis pupuk trichokompos 25 ton/ha menunjukkan nilai tertinggi. kata kunci: jagung ungu, trichokompos, pertumbuhan awal ABSTRACT Purple corn is one of several colour variants of pulut corn that is not well known by the public but it has many benefits. This study was aimed to determine the effect of trichocompost fertilizer dosage on the observed variables, that were the percentage of plant growth, plant height, number of leaves, and leaf area in the early stages of purple corn plants' growth. Percentage of plant growth at 7 days after planting then plant height, number of leaves and leaf area were observed at 14 days after planting. The research method used a randomized block design with 5 doses of trichocompost fertilizer (0 tons/ha, 20 tons/ha, 25 tons/ha, 30 tons/ha, and 35 tons/ha) with five replications. The results showed that the dosage treatment of trichocompost had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the number of leaves where the trichocompost fertilizer dose of 25 tons/ha  showed the highest one. keywords: purple corn, trichocompost, early growth.
Reposisi BULOG dalam Rencana Pembentukan Badan Pangan Nasional (Repositioning of BULOG in The Formation Plan of National Food Agency ) Sonya Mamoriska
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 29 No. 3 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v29i3.528

Abstract

ABSTRAK Selama ini peran regulator pangan di Indonesia dijalankan oleh beberapa Kementerian yang berbeda-beda, akibatnya kebijakan pangan menjadi terpilah-pilah di beberapa Kementerian/Lembaga (K/L), dan sering tumpang tindih, sehingga Perum BULOG selaku operator pangan harus berkoordinasi dan bertanggung jawab kepada banyak K/L. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan berbagai kendala dalam pelaksanaan penugasan, baik dari sisi operasional maupun sisi finansial.  Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk : (i)  memberikan gambaran terkait penugasan, peran dan kendala yang dihadapi  BULOG sebagai lembaga pangan yang diamanatkan Pemerintah dalam menjaga ketahanan pangan khususnya pada  komoditas beras; (ii) mereviu model kelembagaan pangan di negara lain ; dan (iii) Menganalisis berbagai skenario atas reposisi peran dan fungsi Perum BULOG dalam rencana pembentukan Badan Pangan Nasional di masa mendatang. Pemerintah menugaskan Perum BULOG dalam menjaga ketersediaan pangan dan stabilisasi harga pangan di tingkat konsumen dan produsen pada beberapa pangan pokok. Kendala yang dihadapi BULOG dalam pelaksanaan penugasan, baik dari segi operasional  maupun finansial, yaitu:  Pertama, BULOG harus  mengeluarkan banyak energi, waktu dan koordinasi yang intensif dan melakukan pengendalian sepanjang rantai nilai.  Kedua,  BULOG kesulitan dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan karena efektivitas stabilisasi pangan mensyaratkan pemanfaatan alur distribusi yang mapan. Ketiga,  penugasan penyerapan dan penyediaan stok kebutuhan pangan tidak didukung pendanaan dari pemerintah. Hal tersebut  akan mempersulit BULOG, karena BULOG harus menanggung beban  atas  beras PSO yang dikelolanya.  Dalam rencana pembentukan BPN, pembelajaran kunci terhadap lembaga pangan di negara lain seperti Cina, India, Filipina, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Norwegia, dan Denmark yaitu terdapat pemisahan yang jelas antara regulator dan operator dalam pelaksana bidang pangan. Regulator pangan bertanggung jawab langsung ke Presiden dan operator pangan bertanggung jawab langsung pada satu lembaga independen atau kementerian yang berada di bawah presiden dan memberikan masukan secara aktif kepada regulator. Dalam kaitan dengan itu, ada tiga opsi model pembentukan Badan Pangan Nasional (BPN): Pertama, BULOG ditransformasikan menjadi BPN. Pada opsi pertama tidak terdapat pemisahan antara regulator dan operator, dan lembaga operator hanya dapat melakukan penugasan PSO, tidak termasuk bisnis komersial. Sebagai konsekuensinya pemerintah harus menyediakan anggaran yang relatif lebih besar untuk keperluan biaya penugasan dan operasional lembaga. Kedua, transformasi BPN dari organ kementerian sedangkan BULOG tetap sebagai BUMN. Kelembagaan BULOG sebagai BUMN operator pangan tidak berubah. Ketiga, BULOG sebagai operator di bawah BPN, dengan pemisahan yang jelas antara fungsi regulator dan operator. Fungsi kelembagaan BULOG sebagai BUMN di bawah kendali BPN akan lebih diperkuat sehingga lebih mendukung upaya pencapaian target penugasan yang diberikan oleh BPN. kata kunci : BULOG, Operator, Regulator, ketahanan pangan, Badan Pangan Nasional   ABSTRACT The food regulator's role in Indonesia has been carried out by several different Ministries so far. As a result, food policies have has become fragmented in several Ministries/ Agencies. It often overlaps, so that Perum BULOG, as the food operator, must coordinate and be responsible to many Ministers/agencies. This condition causes all problems and various obstacles in implementing assignments both on operational and financial sides. This paper aims to: (i) Provide an overview of the assignments, roles, and constraints faced by BULOG as a food institution mandated by the Government in maintaining food security, especially in rice commodities; (ii) Review different models of food institutions in other countries; (iii) Analyze various scenarios for repositioning the roles and functions of Perum BULOG in the formation plan of the National Food Agency in the future. The Government has assigned Perum BULOG to maintain food availability and stabilize several staple food prices both at the consumer and producer levels. Several obstacles faced by BULOG in implementing assignments both on operational and financial sides, including first, BULOG must spend a lot of time, energy, and intensive coordination and control along the value chain. Second, BULOG has difficulties in planning and implementation due to the effectiveness of food stabilization requires the use of an established distribution channels. Third, the assignment of the required food procurement and distribution is not supported by government funding. These problems have created difficulties for BULOG since BULOG has to bear the financial consequences of public service obligation costs it manages. In the formation plan of BPN, a key lesson for food institutions in other countries such as China, India, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Norway, and Denmark is that there is a clear separation between regulators and operators in implementing the food sector. Food regulators are directly responsible to the President and food operators are directly responsible to an independent agency or ministry under the President and provide active inputs to regulators. In this regard, there are three model options for the formation of the National Food Agency (BPN). First, BULOG is transformed into BPN. In this option, there is no separation between the regulator and the operator, and the operator agency can only carry out PSO assignments, but not including commercial business. Consequently, the Government must provide a relatively larger budget for the institution's assignment and operational costs. Second, the transformation of the BPN from the ministry's organs while BULOG remains as a State Owned Enterprise. BULOG's institution as a state-owned food operator has not changed. Third, BULOG as an operator under BPN, with a clear separation between regulator and operator functions. The institutional role of BULOG as a State Owned Enterpirse under the control of BPN will be further strengthened to support further efforts to achieve the assignment targets given by BPN. keywords: BULOG, Operators, Regulators, food security, National Food Agency

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