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Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik
Published by Balai Besar Bahan dan Barang Teknik
ISSN : 20894767     EISSN : 27159116     DOI : 10.37209/jtbbt
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik is a peer-reviewed and open access scientific journal. This journal is published by Center for Material and Technical Product (B4T) since 2011. Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik is published twice a year, in June and December. Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik publishes research results, conceptual ideas, and application of theory with a focus on technology of material and technical product. The scope of this journal are: Material Engineering, Energy Diversification, and Technology for Industry 4.0.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Material (semua kategori) - Elektronik, Optik dan Materi Magnetik
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (2014)" : 6 Documents clear
Rekayasa Ulang Dongkrak Rel Kereta Api Kapasitas 10 Ton Surasno Surasno; Budi Tjahjohartoto
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Center for Material and Technical Product

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (421.433 KB) | DOI: 10.37209/jtbbt.v4i2.49

Abstract

Mechanical rail jack with capacity of 10 tons and high leverage of 50-10 cm which is used by PT. KAI have a relatively short lifetime and easily damaged. On the damage rail jack or that does not function has been done failure analysis, which showed that the rails jack damaged or malfunction caused by a broken (chipped) on the lifting gear rack that corrosion initiated at inside parts of the frame, bushing, gear rack lifter, pinion shaft, and the main spline. This component becomes thin, the contact area on the teeth become loose and receive dynamic cyclic load then fracture occurs. To improve the quality of rail jack, reengineering was done by replacing the material specifications of components, especially components that have contact areas such as lifting gear rack, gear, pinion shaft, the main spline, bushing and pedestal. Steel metal materials for the components of the rail jack were selected from tool steel AISI 4043 (DIN 1.6511-34NiCrMo6), DIN 1.2510 (100MnCrW4) and common carbon steel (St. 37 and St. 42) with appropriate heat treatment. Furthermore, modification was made on lifting angle of gear-rack from 5 degree to 20 degree. The the pressure test on 5 and 10 ton loads show good results, no changes in shape and meet the technical requirements of the PT. KAI. Dongkrak rel mekanik daya angkat 10 ton dan tinggi ungkit 5–10 cm yang digunakan oleh PT. KAI life time-nya relatif pendek dan cepat rusak. Dari failure analysis yang telah dilakukan terhadap dongkrak yang rusak,menunjukkan bahwa rusak atau tidak berfungsinya dongkrak rel disebabkan oleh patah (gompal) pada gigi rack pengangkat yang diawali korosi pada rangka bagian dalam, bushing, gigi rack pengangkat, poros pinion, dan spline utama. Komponen ini menipis, bidang kontak gigi menjadi longgar dan menerima beban dinamik siklik sehingga terjadilah patah. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas dongkrak rel telah dilakukan rekayasa ulang dengan mengganti spesifikasi bahan komponen terutama komponen yang mempunyai bidang kontak seperti gigi rack pengangkat, roda gigi, poros pinion, spline utama, bushing dan tumpuan. Bahan logam baja untuk komponen dongkrak rel dipilih dari baja perkakas AISI 4043 (DIN 1.6511-34NiCrMo6), DIN 1.2510 (100MnCrW4) dan baja karbon umum (St. 37 dan St. 42) dengan heat treatment yang tepat. Selanjutnya melakukan modifikasi desain sudut gigi rack pengangkat dari 5 derajat menjadi 20 derajat. Hasil uji tekan beban 5 dan 10 ton menunjukkan hasil yang baik, tidak terjadi perubahan bentuk dan memenuhi persyaratan teknis PT. KAI.
Analisis Sambungan Las pada Bahan Copper-Nickel dan Nickel-Chromium Iron Alloys dengan Proses GTAW A Yudia Bakti; Surasno Surasno
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Center for Material and Technical Product

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (375.851 KB) | DOI: 10.37209/jtbbt.v4i2.50

Abstract

Welding joint of copper-nickel to Nickel-chromium Iron Alloys had been problem in penetration and mechanical properties. In order to get a good quality of welding, welding design of copper-nickel to Nickel-chromium Iron Alloys using heat input 2145 to 4680 J/cm. The results are good welding joint penetration to wide bevel and vertical joint. Namely, the structure of welding joint area has no imperfection and mechanical properties of welded metal are better than the base metal. That’s are tensile strength 46.56 kg/mm2, elongation 31.25%, reduction of area 33.10%, and fracture area  in fusion line weld of Copper-Nickel has no defect. Besides, bending test result has showed no crack. In addition, the hardness values are variably shown such as 128,3-137,9 VHN in the HAZ Copper-Nickel, 177-195 VHN on Weld Metal, and 195-210 VHN on HAZ of Nickel-Chromium. Based on the results above, the welding of Copper-Nickel to Nickel-Chromium Iron Alloys Steel could be applied in joining heat exchanger equipment in industries. Sambungan las dissimilar material Copper-Nickel terhadap baja Nickel-Chromium Iron Alloys mempunyai permasalahan pada penetrasi dan sifat mekanis. Telah dilakukan rancangan pengelasan bahan Copper-Nickel terhadap Nickel-Chromium Iron Alloys dengan parameter Heat input (2145 s.d 4680) J/cm untuk menghasilkan sambungan las yang baik tanpa cacat-cacat las. Hasil pengelasan menunjukkan penetrasi logam las pada sisi bevel dan arah vertical baik, struktur makroskopis penampang sambungan las tidak terdapat cacat-cacat las, sifat-sifat mekanis: kuat tarik 46,56 kg/mm2, nilai regang 31,25%, reduksi penampang 33,10%, dan putus di fusionline las Copper-Nickel tidak terdapat cacat las. Hasil uji lengkung tidak retak. Nilai kekerasan di HAZ Copper-Nickel cenderung beragam (128,3-137,9)VHN, di logam las (Weld Metal) pada rentang kekerasan 177-195 VHN, dan HAZ Nickel-Chomium berkisar 195-210 VHN. Pada dua bahan ini struktur mikro terjadi struktur dendritic dan epitaxial di sekitar fusion line. Sambungan las Copper-Nickel terhadap baja Nickel-Chromium Iron Alloys telah menunjukkan hasil pengelasan GTAW yang baik dan dapat digunakan pada pemakaian sambungan las peralatan penukar panas di industri.
Kondisi Terkini Regulasi EMC dan Kesesuaian Produk di Indonesia I Inayaturohman; D Hamdani; D Darwanto
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Center for Material and Technical Product

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (235.786 KB) | DOI: 10.37209/jtbbt.v4i2.51

Abstract

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) can be considered as the ability of the electromagnetic apparatus to function satisfactorily without interfering the others or being interfered by the others. Nowadays, the conformity of electromagnetic products to corresponding EMC standards becomes of importance in order to cope with the mandatory requirements prescribed by the global market. The EMC conformity becomes the main part of quality assurance and safety of products. This paper presents the state-of-the-art EMC conformity of products in Indonesia from regulation and technical point of view. We conducted survey on the quo-vadis of EMC regulation in the country by communicating with some governmental bodies. At the same time, we investigates the EMC conformity of some productsi.e. televisiom and refrigerator in domestic market by conducting EMC testing on them including emission and immunity test. From our investigation it is realized that regulations on EMC are not established yet because the responsible authorities are not assigned yet. Therefore EMC conformity is not mandatory yet for products manufactured or imported for domestic market. However, it is planned that the mandatory would come into power in earliest 2015. Moreover, EMC testing showed that the products under testing are mostly not conforming to EMC standards. Those products did not meet, either one of emission/immunity requirement or both. This fact emphasizes the need of establishing mandatory EMC regulation as well as responsible authorities. Kompatibilitas elektromagnetik (EMC) dapat dianggap kemampuan suatu peralatan yang tetap dapat berfungsi secara baik pada lingkungan Elektromagnetik tanpa mengganggu atau diganggu oleh peralatan lain. Saat ini, kesesuaian produk elektromagnetik terhadap standar EMC menjadi penting untuk mengatasi persyaratan wajib yang ditentukan oleh pasar global. Kesesuaian produk terhadap EMC menjadi bagian utama dari jaminan mutu dan keamanan produk-produk berkualitas.Makalah ini menyajikan kondisi saat ini (state-of-the-art). Kesesuaian EMC suatu produk di Indonesia terhadap peraturan dan sudut pandang teknis. Kami melakukan survei mengenai peraturan EMC di Indonesia dengan berkomunikasi dengan beberapa badan pemerintah. Pada saat yang sama, kami menyelidiki kesesuaian EMC beberapa produk seperti televisi dan refrigerator di pasar domestik dengan melakukan pengujian EMC untuk beberapa parameter emisi dan imunity.Dari hasil investigasi kami, perlu disadari bahwa peraturan EMC yang belum ada, dikarenakan kementerian yang bertanggung jawab belum mewajibkan. Oleh karena itu kesesuaian produk terhadap EMC masih belum wajib baik produk yang diproduksi atau diimpor untuk pasar domestik. Namun, direncanakan pemberlakuan wajib paling cepat pada tahun 2015. Selain itu, pengujian EMC menunjukkan bahwa produk yang diuji sebagian besar tidak sesuai dengan standar EMC. Produk-produk tersebut tidak memenuhi, salah satu dari emisi atau persyaratan imunitas atau bahkan keduanya. Fakta ini menekankan perlunya segera membuat peraturan EMC serta lembaga yang bertanggung jawab.
Pengaruh Kitosan terhadap Kristalinitas dan Morfologi Partikel Lithium Titanat Bharata Dewanto; Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita; Ahmad Nuruddin; Abdul Halim Daulay; Susanto Sigit Rahardi
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Center for Material and Technical Product

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (421.665 KB) | DOI: 10.37209/jtbbt.v4i2.46

Abstract

Battery consists of cathode, anode, and electrolyte. Spinel Lithium Titanate, known as Li4Ti5O12spinel is an alternative material for anode substituting carbon due to its ability to generate large current for high-discharged battery. It can be applied for the electric car battery.A commonly used battery synthesis method is High Energy Ball Milling. However, that method is time consuming and require massive amount of energy. In this research, Li4Ti5O12­synthesized as an anode for lithium ion battery through sol-gel method with chitosan variable as the dispersing agent. Formed gel then calcinated with temperature of 750oC. Synthesized powder was characterized using XRD (X-ray Diffractometry) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) methods.Li4Ti5O12 was successfully synthesized with sol-gel method and chitosan as the dispersing agent. Based on the XRD characterization result, at the 750oC calcination temperature, 95–97%. Li4Ti5O12 phase was formed. Chitosan played a good role of being the dispersing agent because it was able to increase crystallinity, reduce the size of Li4Ti5O12powder particle, and reduce the particle agglomeration. Observation with SEM shows that the particle size is categorized as submicron, which size is ranged in 75–300 nm. It is potential to be used as the material for lithium battery anode that come near to theoretical capacity. Baterai terdiri dari katoda, anoda, dan elektrolit. Lithium titanat spinel atau Li4Ti5O12  spinel adalah material anoda alternatif untuk menggantikan karbon karena memiliki kemampuan untuk memberikan arus besar yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai baterai pada mobil listrik.Metode yang saat ini sering digunakan untuk pembuatan baterai adalah High Energy Ball Milling, namun energi yang dibutuhkan sangat besar dan waktu pengerjaan dengan metode ini pun cukup lama. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis serbuk Li4Ti5O12 ­sebagai anoda baterai lithium ion dengan metode sol-gel dengan variabel kitosan sebagai dispersing agent. Gel yang terbentuk dikalsinasi pada variasi suhu 750oC. Serbuk hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan metode XRD (X-ray Diffractometry) dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Pada penelitian ini telah berhasil disintesis Li4Ti5O12 dengan metode sol-gel dengan  kitosan sebagai  dispersing agent. Pada suhu kalsinasi 750oC terbentuk 95–97% fasa Li4Ti5O12 yang diketahui dari berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi XRD, kitosan berperan baik sebagai dispersing agent karena dapat meningkatkan kristalinitas, memperkecil ukuran partikel dari serbuk Li4Ti5O12, dan mengurangi aglomerasi partikel. Hasil pengamatan dengan SEM menunjukkan bahwa ukuran dari partikel tergolong pada ukuran submikron yaitu berkisar 75–300 nm yang berpotensi sebagai material anoda baterai lithium yang mendekati kapasitas secara teori.
Modifikasi Waktu Aging dan Konsentrasi Kitosan pada Enkapsulasi Mikrokapsul Silika-Chlorhexidine 2% untuk Aplikasi Drug Delivery Root Canal Treatment Denny Nurdin; Enggar Dwi Kusuma; Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Center for Material and Technical Product

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (569.832 KB) | DOI: 10.37209/jtbbt.v4i2.47

Abstract

The rising complexity and needs of healthcare nowadays is demanding the science and engineering to bring out the new concept of health treatment that enabled more effective drug administration. Silica, known as one of the most potential resources in Indonesia even in the whole world, can cope with poor temperature and chemical stability limitations. Silica has a good compatibility and stability which can lead it to be a promising material to encapsulate bioactive or drug and effectively deliver them to human body. The used of sodium silicate as precursorwass intended to encapsulate the active substance, in this case was chlorhexidine 2%. The encapsulation was done by Stober process. By Stober process it is possible to produce spherical and monodispersed nanoparticles with controlable particle size and drug release rate in ambient temperature. This study was purposed to generate approximately 1 µm sized microcapsules of silica containing chlorhexidine digluconate 2% encapsulated with alginate and chitosan. Microcapsules were intended to be used in medicament root canal treatment. The Stober process was modified with aging time and consentration of chitosan solution to control the size of microcapsules. Varied aging times are 72 hours, 36 hours, 24 hours, 8 hours, and 4 hours. The most suitable modified result, which was 4 hours aging time with 100-500 nm particle size then soaked in chlorhexidine 2% and combined with alginate and chitosan in ratio 6% :2% to form clustered encapsulated microcapsule under 1 µm in size. The characteristics of microcapsules were observed by scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy. The release rate of encapsulated active substance observed was forty minutes longer than the non-encapsulated, by UV-Visible spectroscopy. Perkembangan kehidupan manusia telah menuntut ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi untuk menemukan cara terbaru bagi perawatan kesehatan dan teknik penyaluran obat. Silika sebagai sumber daya mineral terbesar di Indonesia bahkan di dunia berpotensi sebagai material yg dapat menyalurkan zat aktif ke dalam tubuh tanpa batasan efektivitas karena pengaruh suhu ataupun kestabilan kimia bahan itu sendiri. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan enkapsulasi zat aktif chlorhexidine 2% melalui proses Stober agar partikel yang dihasilkan berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran yang dapat dikontrol dan terdispersi secara merata. Sodium silikat digunakan sebagai precursor. Mikrokapsul yang dihasilkan ditujukan untuk perawatan saluran akar gigi. Proses Stober dilakukan dengan variansi waktu aging dan konsentrasi kitosan sebagai dispersan untuk mengontrol ukuran partikel. Waktu aging bervariasi mulai 72 jam, 36 jam, 24 jam, 8 jam, dan 4 jam. Dari variasi waktu aging, mikrokapsul terbaik akan dilakukan impregnasi chlorhexidine 2% dan dienkapsulasi dengan 6% kitosan 2% dan 2% alginat 0,5% sehingga didapatkan mikrokapsul dengan ukuran kurang dari 1 µm. Pada hasil sintesis kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi SEM, dan FTIR. Melalui UV-Vis diketahui waktu aktifdari zat aktif bertambah 40 menit dengan enkapsulasi.
Pembuatan Komponen Aerospace Al 6082-T6511 dengan Metode One Stop Machining Menggunakan Mesin CNC Multitasking Gunawan Refiadi
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Center for Material and Technical Product

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (543.145 KB) | DOI: 10.37209/jtbbt.v4i2.52

Abstract

One Stop Machining method has advantages in terms of speed optimum process followed by the geometric characteristics of a good achievement. This study aims to prove the superiority of the method through the manufacture of aerospace components based on Al 6082 - T6511. By analyzing the process plan, oversee the machining process, and perform statistical analysis on the geometric characteristics of the product, it is known that one stop machining method can be performed on multitasking CNC machine. The processes can be performed simultaneously on this machine includes facing, drilling, counter boring, turning, and cutting. The resulting geometric characteristics meet GO categories. And they are statistically within the tolerance range of products aerospace component design with 99.8 % confidence interval. Metode One Stop Machining memiliki keunggulan dalam hal kecepatan proses yang optimum diikuti pencapaian karakteristik geometrik yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan keunggulan metode tersebut melalui pembuatan komponen aerospace berbahan Al 6082-T6511. Dengan menganalisa process plan, mengawal proses pemesinan, dan melakukan analisis statistik terhadap karakteristik geometrik produk, diketahui bahwa metode one stop machining dapat dilakukan pada mesin CNC multitasking. Adapun proses-proses yang dapat dilakukan secara simultan pada mesin ini meliputi facing, drilling, counter boring, turning, dan cutting.  Karakteristik geometrik produk yang dihasilkan memenuhi kategori GO. Dan secara statistik berada dalam jangkauan toleransi disain produk komponen aerospace dengan selang kepercayaan 99,8%.

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