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INDONESIA
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Petugas Pengelola Obat dengan Tingkat Ketersediaan Obat Di Puskesmas Kota Malang
Published by Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2461114X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan petugas pengelola obat dengan tingkat ketersediaan obat di beberapa Puskesmas Kota Malang. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan observasional analitik cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel responden adalah dengan total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pengetahuan petugas pengelola obat dan lembar pengumpul data tingkat ketersediaan yang dilihat dari data LPLPO
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Farmasi
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (2019)" : 10 Documents clear
Probiotic Usage in Food Allergy Atopic Dermatitis Children. A Literature Review wijaya, dhani -
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Food allergy is a health problem that commonly occurs among children. One of the clinical manifestations of food allergy is atopic dermatitis. Food allergies are pathological reaction involving the immune system. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is related to the immune system. The immune system is affected by intestinal microbes. Probiotics are substances that can regulate the immune system for the digestive tract, particularly in the intestines. Probiotics have a therapeutic effect on several illnesses, specifically those related to the immune system. The aim of this review is to discuss knowledge related to the usage of probiotics for the therapy of atopic dermatitis caused by food allergies in children. This literature review focused on the mechanism of actions of probiotics in children with atopic dermatitis caused by food allergy. 
HUBUNGAN DOSIS DAN LAMA TERAPI METOTREKSAT TERHADAP KEJADIAN EFEK SAMPING PADA PASIEN ARTRITIS REUMATOID Achmad, Anisyah
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Artritis Reumatoid merupakan penyakit autoimun ditandai peradangan sinovium kronis. Metotreksat terapi lini pertama pengobatan Artritis Reumatoid. Pengobatan metotreksat dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan dosis dan lama terapi metotreksat terhadap kejadian efek samping. Desain studi yang digunakan analitik deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan metode cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Poli Reumatologi Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang dan dinyatakan layak etik. Sebanyak 55 pasien sesuai kriteria inklusi yaitu usia > 20 tahun, laki–laki atau perempuan, diagnosa Artritis Rheumatoid, menggunakan metotreksat oral tunggal minimal 3 bulan, tanpa komplikasi penyakit Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, dan kanker serta setuju menandatangani informed consent. Kejadian efek samping didapatkan melalui wawancara pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dosis rata-rata = 10 mg, dosis kumulatif rata-rata 987,4 mg, dan lama terapi rata-rata 103 minggu atau 26 bulan. Efek samping yang terjadi adalah mual 21 orang (38%), anemia 10 orang (18%), ruam merah 7 orang (17%), sakit kepala 6 orang (14%), sariawan 5 orang (12%), nyeri perut 3 orang (7%), mulut kering 3 orang (7%), diare 2 orang (5%), leukopenia 1 orang (2%), trombositopenia (0%) dan peningkatan enzim liver (0%). Uji statistik memberikan hasil terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara dosis kumulatif dan lama terapi terhadap efek samping leukopenia (p=0,010 dan p=0,006), serta antara lama terapi dengan kejadian sakit kepala (p=0,036) sedangkan efek samping lain tidak mempunyai hubungan signifikan. Kesimpulannya semakin meningkat dosis kumulatif maka kejadian leukopenia meningkat, dan semakin meningkat lama terapi maka kejadian leukopenia dan sakit kepala juga meningkat.Kata kunci: metotreksat, artritis reumatoid, efek samping, dosis, lama terapi
Effectiveness And Side Effects Of Alogliptin In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Article Review Sinurat, Robert Tjayadi. S
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group metabolic disorders caused by multiple aetiology, characterized by hyperglycaemia with disorders of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The clinical diagnosis of diabetes might manifest as polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss, and is confirmed by measurement of abnormal hyperglycaemia. In type 2 diabetes progressive loss of b-cell insulin secretion often causes insulin resistance. Insulin resistance manifestations include increased lipolysis and free fatty acid production, increased hepatic glucose production, and decreased glucose intake to skeletal muscle. Alogliptin is an oral antidiabetic drug from class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for therapy in T2DM patients. Alogliptin can be used as monotherapy or combined with other anti diabetic agents such as metformin, sulfonylureas (glyburide), pioglitazone, and insulin. Based on several studies alogliptin shows low risk of the occurrence of side effects, such as hypoglycemia, edema, weight gain, RA, joint pain and cardiovascular events. The purpose of this review is to update clinical information about the effectiveness and side effects of alogliptin as diabetic therapy in T2DM patients.
Evaluasi Biaya Pengobatan Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Rawat Jalan dengan Terapi Insulin di RSUP X di Jakarta Periode Januari 2016-Desember 2017 Anggriani, Yusi
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT 2) merupakan suatu penyakit kronik metabolik yang salah satu terapinya adalah dengan menggunakan insulin. Setiap jenis insulin tentu memiliki besaran biaya dan efektivitasnya masing-masing. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui proporsi biaya insulin terhadap total biaya pengobatan, proporsi biaya insulin terhadap biaya obat total, dan kesesuaian tarif pengobatan dengan paket Indonesian Case Based Group (INA-CBGs) pada pasien DMT 2 rawat jalan di RSUP X di Jakarta. Penelitian merupakan observasional deskriptif dengan seri waktu (longitudinal time series) dengan pengamatan pada Januari 2016-Desember 2017 di RSUP X di Jakarta. Data rekam medik yang diperoleh dari Instalasi Rekam Medik dan Pusat Data Informasi (IRMPDI), dan rincian biaya pengobatan (dokumen/kuitansi) yang diperoleh dari bagian keuangan RSUP X di Jakarta. Sampel penelitian pasien DMT 2 rawat jalan pengguna insulin yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa biaya laboratorium mengambil proporsi biaya paling besar pda pengobatan tujuh hari (paket INA-CBGs). Sedangkan pada total pengobatan 30 hari proporsi biaya obat dan insulin menjadi komponen biaya terbesar. Biaya insulin terhadap total biaya pengobatan selama 30 hari mencapai 61%, sedangkan proporsi biaya insulin terhadap biaya obat total mencapai 88%. Kesesuaian biaya riil rumah sakit dengan tariff klaim INA-CBGs masih rendah. Pada tahun 2017, terdapat periode rumah sakit mengalami kekurangan tarif untuk pelayanan pengobatan DMT 2 paket tujuh hari. Secara keseluruhan selama periode dua tahun proporsi biaya riil dibanding dengan biaya paket Ina-CBGs sebesar 91%.
Side Effects of Antipsychotics on Schizophrenia Patient : A Literature Review Wilianto, Yufita Ratnasari
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that is charactherized by distracted mind, behavioral changes, including delusions and hallucinations. The  incidence of schizophrenia is 1.25% of the 2.47% of the population with psychotic disorders. Pharmacological therapy given to schizophrenia patient is an antipsychotics that works on the brain neurotransmitters including dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate. Atypical antipsychotics agents are first-line therapy for schizophrenia, whereas typical antipsychotics are used as second line when there is no improvement. However antipsychotics agents have frequent risk of side effects such as weight gain and extrapyramidal symptoms. Other reported side effects include increased prolactin levels (sexual dysfunction and menstrual irregularity), cardiovascular system (hypotension and prolonged QT interval), and lipid changes (elevated triglyceride and cholesterol). Consequences of these side effect can lead to poor adherence of patient, disease progressiveness and increase of physical morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this article is to provide a concise review of schizophrenia and discusses the side effects of atypical and typically  antipsychotics based in literature review.
The Anti-Inflammatory Benefit of Statins for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Review Article Dewi, Yunita Kristiana
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive, minimally reversible airflow limitation and systemic inflammation. Over the last 5 years, there have been  abundant studies proving the benefit of statin in COPD as an anti-inflammatory agent. So far, statin is mostly utilized in cardiology due to its effects of cholesterol reduction, immune system modulation, and anti oxidant. In point of fact, the effects of statin have proven to be advantageous when administered to COPD patients. The aim of this review is to examine the pharmacological mechanism of statins as anti-inflammatory drugs so that they can be considered as therapy in COPD.
Uji Efek Antibakteri Ekstrak Air Bunga Nagasari (Mesua ferrea L.) terhadap Isolat Klinis Escherichia coli Resisten Siprofloksasin Jauhari, Ahmad
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Kasus resistensi Escherichia coli terhadap siprofloksasin pada ISK cukup tinggi sehingga mendorong pengembangan antibakteri alternatif. Nagasari telah digunakan secara tradisional untuk mengobati gangguan saluran kemih dan terbukti memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak air bunga nagasari terhadap isolat klinis Escherichia coli resisten siprofloksasin secara in vitro berdasarkan nilai KHM. Ekstrak air bunga nagasari yang diperoleh melalui proses perebusan diencerkan dengan konsentrasi (µg/mL): 512, 409, 327, 261, dan 208.  Kontrol positif dan negatif yang digunakan berturut-turut yaitu sefotaksim 3 mg/mL dan aquades proinjeksi. Nilai KHM ditentukan dengan metode difusi sumuran berdasarkan diameter zona hambat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak air memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli sensitif siprofloksasin dengan nilai KHM 327 µg/mL, namun pada Escherichia coli resisten siprofloksasin tidak menunjukkan efek antibakteri.
Probiotic Usage as Therapy on Diabetes Mellitus Type II. A Literature Review Murti, Lendy Nugroho Wisnu
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

A B S T R A C TBackground: Type 2 diabetes has turned into a worldwide medical issue. Probiotic as the microorganisms in the intestinal tract has the potential impact to anticipate the improvement of insulin opposition and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This literature review focused on the effects, mechanism of action and potential utilization of probiotic in type 2 diabetes. Results: As therapy in type 2 diabetes, probiotic ready to bring down fasting glucose, HbA1C and HOMA-IR percentage or increment insulin levels. Dicussion: The impact of the probiotic agent acquired on type 2 diabetes through the decrease of lipopolisacharide (LPS), increased  short chain fatty acids (SCFA), inhibition of immune response and oxidative stress, increased  glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), secretion of insulinotropic polypeptides, or increased activity of  glucose transporter-4 (GLUT 4). Conclusion: Probiotic can be a choice to keep up insulin sensitivity and anticipate the beginning of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI SENYAWA ARTEMISININ DAN TURUNANNYA DENGAN KONSEP BIOTEKNOLOGI khasanah, uswatun -
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Artemisinin is a sesquiterpen lactone that was isolated from the Artemisia annua. Artemisinin was used as antimalarial since 1980, when chloroquine resistance case occurred. The demand of artemisinin as antiamalarial was not accompanied by an increase in artemisinin production. Until now, artemisinin production is obtained through isolation process of genus Artemisia. Various studies have been carried out to meet the needs of artemisinin as antimalarial drug. Some studies used biotechnology technic for example plant tissue culture, genetic engineering to modulate artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, and the addition of organic fertilizer in A.annua agriculture. Some researches added compounds which play a role  in the biosynthesis of artemisinin in A.annua cell culture, e.g mevalonic acid, sodium acetate and casein. In addition, the production of artemisinin derivatives is also carried out through biotechnology techniques using hair root culture from certain plants. Production of artemisinin is also increased by adding organic fertilizers, such as NaCl, potassium phosphate, and ammonium nitrate. Several studies also produce transgenic plants by inserting genes that encode terpenoid precursor compounds, farnesil pyrophosphate.
The Effect of Pharmaceutical Care in the Management of Drug Related Problems in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Andriani, Reza
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

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Abstract

Drug related problems often occur in hospitalized geriatric patients, due to polypharmacy, multiple comorbidities, decreased organ function, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes due to aging which can increase the risk of drug side effects and medication errors. The purpose of this study is to describe the Drug Related Problems (DRPs) and the characteristics of pharmaceutical care interventions in the geriatric ward of Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. This study was conducted using retrospective data from primary sources in the form of DRPs, recorded in the Clinical Pharmacy Activity Report in the geriatric ward during the period of March to April 2017. The DRPs category follows the PCNE Classification scheme for Drug-Related Problems V5.01. 54 DRPs were found from 141 prescriptions reviewed for 150 patients. The reported DRPs include drug selection (29); duration of administration (12); interaction (10); dose (2) and adverse drug reactions (1). From the DRPs, a series of pharmaceutical care interventions for were done by pharmacists in the form of recommendations to the Physician. 54 recommendations were given and 46 of them were approved by the physician. The conclusion of this study shows the importance of the involvement of Pharmacists as caregivers in optimizing the pharmacotherapy of geriatric patients, and ensuring an effective, safe and efficient drug therapy.

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