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Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 23030267     EISSN : 24076082     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan (J. Sains. Kes) (e-ISSN 2407-6082, p-ISSN 2303-0267), is a national journal with ISSN and published four times a year in 2015. In 2016 the publishing frequency changed to twice a year. In 2021 the frequency increased to six times a year. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan is published online by the Faculty of Pharmacy, Mulawarman University, Samarinda City, East Kalimantan. Since 2019, the Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan has been accredited to SINTA. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan publishes manuscripts (Original research Article, review articles, and Short communication) on original work, either experimental or theoretical in the following areas: Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Microbiology, Pharmacy practice & Hospital Pharmacy, Case Study & Full clinical trials, Clinical Pharmacy, Medicine, and other related fields. The purpose of publishing the Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan is to provide scientific information about the development of science and technology in the field of Science and Health. Lingkup naskah Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan mencakup bidang ilmu: Kimia Farmasi Biologi Farmasi Farmakologi Teknologi Farmasi dan Farmasetika Farmasi Klinik dan Komunitas Kedokteran dan Bidang ilmu lain yang terkait Tujuan penerbitan Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan adalah memberikan informasi ilmiah tentang perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi bidang Farmasi dan yang terkait
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
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Aktivitas Obat Golongan SGLT-2i dan GLP-1RA serta SGLT-2i dan DPP-4i dengan atau tanpa Metfomin pada Tikus Diabetes tipe 2 dengan Model Kerusakan Sel Beta Pankreas dan Resistensi Insulin: Comparing Drug Classes SGLT-2i and GLP-1 as well as SGLT-2i and DPP-4i with or without Metfomin in Type 2 Diabetic Rats with Pancreatic Beta Cell Damage and Insulin Resistance Neng Fisheri Kurniati; Desi Sukaeningsih; Zahra Hasna Fadhilah
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.1964

Abstract

Type 2 DM occurs in approximately 90-95% of total DM cases, antihyperglycemic agents such as GLP-1RA, SGLT2i, DPP-4i, and metformin have been shown to have glycemic control benefits of the four groups which have been confirmed as single administration. in type 2 DM patients, but not yet. neither explains which drug combination has the strongest effect on lowering blood glucose levels. In this study, the effect of both with and without metformin on the blood glucose profile was examined. Animals were induced with lipomed 20% MCT/LCT 20 ml/kg BW for 14 days then continued with a double dose of 35 mg/kg BW streptozotocin. Animals were treated according to the group, negative control and positive control were given 0.5% Na-CMC, empagliflozin (1 mg/kg BW), liraglutide (0.062 mg/kg BW); linagliptin (0.5 mg/kgBW); metformin (87.8 mg/kgBW); combination 1 (0.062 mg/kgBW liraglutide and 1 mg/kgBW empagliflozin); combination 2 (0.5 mg/kgBW linagliptin and 1 mg/kgBW empagliflozin); combination 3 (liraglutide 0.062 mg/kg, empagliflozin 1 mg/kg and metformin 87.8 mg/kg); combination 4 (linagliptin 0.5 mg/kg, empagliflozin 1 mg/kg and metformin 87.8 mg/kg for 30 days. The blood glucose control profile was determined by measuring GDP, administering SGLT-2i, GLP-1RA, DPP-4i, and metformin either alone or in combination can reduce the value of GDP every week. The value of GDP in the SGLT-2i (Empagliflozin) and combination group 1 (Empagliflozin + Liraglutide) can reduce GDP significantly. In improving insulin sensitivity all groups except metformin can significantly increase KITT values. Keywords: Diabetic, empagliflozin, liraglutide, linagliptin, metformin Abstrak DM tipe 2 terjadi pada sekitar 90-95% dari total kasus DM, agen antihiperglikemik seperti GLP-1RA, SGLT2i, DPP-4i dan metformin terbukti memiliki manfaat kontrol glikemik dari keempat golongan tersebut telah terkonfirmasi pemberian tunggalnya pada pasien DM tipe 2, namun belum ada yang menjelaskan kombinasi obat mana yang memiliki efek paling kuat dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Pada penelitian ini diteliti efek kombinasi keduanya dengan atau tanpa metformin terhadap profil glukosa darah. Hewan diinduksi dengan lipomed 20% MCT/LCT 20 ml/kgBB selama 14 hari kemudian dilanjutkan streptozotocin dosis ganda 35 mg/kg BB. Hewan diberikan perlakuan sesuai kelompok, kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif diberi Na-CMC 0,5%, empagliflozin (1 mg/kgBB), liraglutide (0,062 mg/kg BB); linagliptin (0,5 mg/kgBB); metformin ( 87,8 mg/kgBB); kombinasi 1 (liraglutide 0,062 mg/kgBB dan empagliflozin 1 mg/kgBB); kombinasi 2 (linagliptin 0,5 mg/kgBB dan empagliflozin 1 mg/kgBB); kombinasi 3 (liraglutide 0,062 mg/kgBB, empagliflozin 1 mg/kgBB dan metformin 87,8 mg/kgBB); kombinasi 4 (linagliptin 0,5 mg/kgBB, empagliflozin 1 mg/kgBB dan metformin 87,8 mg/kgBB selama 30 hari. Profil kendali glukosa darah ditentukan melalui pengukuran GDP, pemberian obat golongan SGLT-2i, GLP-1RA, DPP-4i, dan metformin baik tunggal ataupun kombinasinya dapat menurunkan nilai GDP di setiap minggunya. Nilai GDP pada kelompok SGLT-2i (Empagliflozin) dan kombinasi 1 (Empagliflozin+Liraglutide) dapat menurunkan GDP secara signifikan. Pada perbaikan sensitivitas insulin semua kelompok kecuali metformin dapat meningkatkan nilai KITT secara signifikan. Kata Kunci: Diabetes, empagliflozin, liraglutide, linagliptin, metformin
Hubungan Kepatuhan Pengobatan TB-RO terhadap Outcome Terapi Pasien Tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Lamongan: Correlation between Tuberculosis Drugs Resistence Treatment Compliance and Outcome of Tuberculosis Therapy Patients at Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital Fauza Nisfu Laili; Devi Ristian Octavia; Muhtaromah Muhtaromah
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.1968

Abstract

Abstract Non-compliance with treatment will result in a high rate of failure in the outcome of therapy and result in the occurrence of Acid-resistant Bacilli that are resistant to standard treatment, causing unacceptable therapeutic outcomes to be achieved. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the relationship between TB-RO treatment adherence to the therapeutic outcomes of tuberculosis patients at Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital. The research design uses a cross-sectional method. The population in this study were all RO-TB patients at Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital who came for treatment and were registered as patients at Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital, with a sample size of 30 patients. The sample selection was carried out using the Consecutive Sampling method. Data selection was carried out using the MARS-5 questionnaire and medical records. The data in this study were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine the relationship between TB-pulmonary medication adherence to the therapeutic outcomes of tuberculosis patients at Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital. The results showed that the number of patients who had high medication adherence was 86.7% with a cured category of 83.3%. There is a significant relationship between TB-RO treatment adherence to the outcome of tuberculosis therapy in Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital with a p value <0.05 on the results of the Fisher's Exact Test. The higher the level of adherence, the higher the success rate of the therapeutic outcome obtained, but the lower the level of adherence, the lower the success rate of the TB-RO patient therapy. Kewords:             Treatment Adherence, Therapy Outcome, Drug Resistant Tuberculosis   Abstrak Ketidakpatuhan terhadap pengobatan akan mengakibatkan tingginya angka kegagalan pada outcome terapi dan mengakibatkan terjadinya Basil Tahan Asam yang resisten terhadap pengobatan standar sehingga menyebabkan outcome terapi yang diterima tidak tercapai. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepatuhan pengobatan TB-RO terhadap outcome terapi pasien Tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Lamongan. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien TB-RO di Rumah sakit Muhammaadiyah Lamongan yang datang berobat dan sudah terdaftar sebagai pasien di RS Muhammadiyah Lamongan, dengan jumlah sampel 30 pasien pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan metode Consecutive Sampling. Pemilihan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner MARS-5 dan Rekam Medis. Data pada penelitian ini dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepatuhan pengobatan TB-Paru terhadap Outcome terapi pasien Tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Lamongan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pasien yang memiliki kepatuhan pengobatan tinggi sebesar 86,7% dengan kategori sembuh sebesar 83,3%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan pengobatan TB-RO terhadap Outcome terapi pasien tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Lamongan dengan nilai p <0,05 pada hasil Uji Fisher’s Exact. Semakin tinggi tingkat kepatuhan akan semakin tinggi angka keberhasilan Outcome terapi yang didapatkan, namun semakin rendah tingkat kepatuhan akan semakin rendah angka keberhasilan Outcome terapi pasien TB-RO. Kata Kunci:         Kepatuhan Pengobatan, Outcome Terapi, TB-RO
Toxicity of Anti-Inflammatory Substances in Hemigraphis Alternata Leaves: In Silico Study Using ProTox-II Yeni Yeni; Rizky Arcinthya Rachmania
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.1975

Abstract

Hemigraphis alternata is empirically used to treat wounds. Hemigraphis alternata leaves ethyl acetate extract can assist in resolving the inflammatory process by inhibiting enzymes that play a role in the inflammatory cycle. Twenty-two substances found in the leaves of Hemigraphis alternata were predicted to have an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) or 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) as an enzyme target. In-silico toxicology was carried out to acquire new anti-inflammatory drugs with low toxicity from 22 compounds. ProTox-II was utilized to measure the level of toxicity of these drugs at many endpoints. In this study, five compounds have LD50 > 5000 mg/kg body weight, toxicity class 5-6, and inactive for cytotoxicity, carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, mutagenicity and immunotoxicity parameters. They are 2-methyleneoctanenitrile, nerolidol, 2,7-dioxa-tricyclo[4.4.0.0(3,8)]deca-4,9-diene, 9,9-dimethoxybicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4-dione, and phytol. Keywords:          in silico, toxicity, Hemigraphis alternata, anti-inflammatory, ProTox-II
Studi Penggunaan Obat Golongan Statin pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner di Ruang ICCU RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak: Study of Drug Use Classification Statins in Heart Disease Patients Coronary in the ICCU Room RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak Dhenaya Pradina; Shoma Rizkifani; Siti Nani Nurbaeti
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.1979

Abstract

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular disease that occurs due to narrowing of the coronary arteries from atherosclerosis process. High levels of lipids in the blood can be the one of the key factor that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, one of which is CHD. So this problem is used as the main target in CHD treatment. One of the drugs used in the treatment of CHD is the statin group. This study aims to examine the pattern of statins use in CHD patients in the ICCU RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak. Data collection was done retrospectively based on the medical records of CHD patients in 2021. This study is an observational cross-sectional descriptive study. Data was collected using a total sampling technique, and a sample of 45 patients who met the inclusion criteria were obtained. The results showed that the most widely used statin class of drugs in CHD patients in the ICCU was Atorvastatin (95.55%) compared to Simvastatin (4.44%) with the dose used was Atorvastatin 20 mg (66.66%), Atorvastatin 40 mg (28.88%), and Simvastatin 20 mg (4.4%). The frequency of using Atorvastatin and Simvastatin in the ICCU is once a day orally. The conclusion of this study is based on medical record data of CHD patients in the ICCU room at RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak, the most widely used statin class drug is Atorvastatin with an average dose of 20 mg of Atorvastatin at a frequency of administration once a day orally. Keywords:          Coronary Heart Disease, Statin Class, Atorvastatin, Simvastatin   Abstrak Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) adalah salah satu penyakit kardiovaskular yang terjadi karena penyempitan pada arteri koroner yang berasal dari proses aterosklerosis. Tingginya kadar lipid dalam darah menjadi aspek kunci yang dapat memberikan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular salah satunya pada PJK. Sehingga masalah ini digunakan sebagai target utama pada pengobatan PJK. Salah satu obat yang digunakan pada pengobatan PJK adalah golongan statin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pola golongan statin digunakan oleh pasien PJK di ICCU RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif menurut rekam medis pasien PJK tahun 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan studi cross-sectional dengan sifat deskriptif. Teknik total sampling ini digunakan dalam  proses pengumpulan data, dan diperoleh 45 sampel pasien yang masuk pada kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa penggunaan obat golongan statin yang digunakan pada pasien PJK di ICCU adalah Atorvastatin (95,55%) dan Simvastatin (4,44%) dengan dosis yang digunakan adalah Atorvastatin 20 mg (66,66%), Atorvastatin 40 mg (28,88%), dan Simvastatin 20 mg (4,4%). Frekuensi penggunaan Atorvastatin dan Simvastatin di ICCU adalah 1 kali sehari secara per oral. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan data rekam medis pasien PJK di ruang ICCU RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak, obat golongan statin yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah Atorvastatin dengan rata-rata penggunaan dosis Atorvastatin 20 mg pada frekuensi pemberian 1 kali sehari secara per oral. Kata Kunci:         Atorvastatin, Golongan Statin, Penyakit Jantung Koroner, Simvastatin
Formulasi Gel dari Niosom Elastik Span 80 Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Etlingera alba dengan Variasi Karbopol sebagai Gelling Agent: Formulation Gel of Span 80 Elastic Niosome of Etlingera alba’s Rhizomes Ethanolic Extract with Carbopol Variations as Gelling Agent Astrid Indalifiany; Suryani Suryani; Vica Aspadiah; Rifa’atul Mahmudah; Rezki Annisa
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.2000

Abstract

Free radicals contain at least one or more free electrons, so they are reactive and unstable. Several diseases experience increased oxidative stress due to the stability of free radicals, which has the potential to damage the integrity of DNA, proteins, and lipids. The body's ability to accumulate free radicals can be stopped with natural antioxidants. One plant with antioxidant potential is Etlingera alba. Utilization of potential is carried out through the preparation of elastic niosomes from the ethanol extract of E. alba rhizomes using Span 80 so that it can facilitate this natural material transdermally. Gel preparations with carbopol as a gelling agent can be used in the application of E. alba ethanol extract elastic niosomes to the skin. The aim of this research was to make an elastic niosome gel with optimal concentrations of Span 80 and carbopol. Elastic niosomes were characterized through morphology, particle size, and polydispersity index. The results of the characterization of elastic niosomes showed that FD (Span 80 15%) produced the best elastic niosomes with an average vesicle size of 10.43 nm, polydispersity index of 0.282, and spherical shape. Elastic niosome gel preparations were evaluated through organoleptic, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and physical stability using cycling tests. The evaluation results showed that F1 gel (carbopol 0.5%) produced the best physical properties of the gel with organoleptic viscosity, characteristic odor and white, pH 6, viscosity 2,433 cps, and spreadability 6.6 cm and was physically stable through method testing. cycling-test. Keywords:          Niosome, Etlingera, Span 80, Carbopol, Nanoparticle   Abstrak Radikal bebas mengandung setidaknya satu/lebih elektron bebas, sehingga reaktif dan tidak stabil. Beberapa penyakit mengalami peningkatan stres oksidatif akibat tercapainya stabilitas radikal bebas sehingga berpotensi merusak integritas DNA, protein, dan lipid. Kemampuan tubuh dalam mengakumulasi radikal bebas dapat dihentikan dengan antioksidan alami. Salah satu tumbuhan dengan potensi antioksidan adalah Etlingera alba. Pemanfaatan potensi dilakukan melalui preparasi niosom elastik ekstrak etanol rimpang E.alba menggunakan Span 80 sehingga dapat memfasilitasi bahan alam tersebut secara transdermal. Sediaan gel dengan karbopol sebagai gelling agent dapat digunakan dalam aplikasi niosom elastik ekstrak etanol E. alba pada kulit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat gel niosom elastik dengan konsentrasi Span 80 dan karbopol yang optimal. Niosom elastik dikarakterisasi melalui morfologi, ukuran partikel dan indeks polidispersitas. Hasil karakterisasi niosom elastik diperoleh bahwa FD (Span 80 15%) menghasilkan niosom elastik terbaik dengan rata-rata ukuran vesikel 10,43 nm, indeks-polidispersitas 0,282, dan bentuk sferis. Sediaan gel niosom elastik dievaluasi melalui organoleptik, pH, viskositas, daya-sebar dan stabilitas fisik dengan cycling test. Hasil evaluasi diperoleh bahwa gel F1 (karbopol 0,5%) menghasilkan sifat fisik gel terbaik dengan organoleptik kental, bau khas, dan putih, pH 6, viskositas 2.433cps, dan daya-sebar 6,6 cm serta stabil secara fisik melalui pengujian metode cycling-test. Kata Kunci:         Niosom, Etlingera, Span 80, Karbopol, Nanopartikel
Analysis of Sodium Benzoate Content in Sauces Circulating in Segiri Market Samarinda City by UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Method Jenly Adinata; Nurillahi Febria Leswana; Maria Elvina Tresia Butar-Butar
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.2008

Abstract

Sodium benzoate is one of the permitted preservatives, if the amount is still below the maximum limit. This study was conducted to identify sodium benzoate levels in sauces circulating in Segiri Market, Samarinda. According to BPOM RI regulation No.36 of 2013, the maximum amount of sodium benzoate used in sauce is 1000 mg/kg. In this study, a qualitative analysis of sodium benzoate was carried out using the FeCl3 reagent, where 10 sauce samples taken from the Segiri market in Samarinda City were positive of containing sodium benzoate, forming a salmon-colored or brownish-red precipitate. Quantitative analysis was performed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer where sodium benzoate was measured at a maximum wavelength of 226 nm. The verification parameters tested in this study are accuracy test and precision test. Based on the verification parameters, the average % recovery was 94.505% which is still in the range of 80-110%, and %RSD of 0.0642% which is less than 2%. Based on quantitative analysis, sample A content was 2,084.8 mg/kg, sample B was 1,895.1 mg/kg, sample C was 2,547.4 mg/kg, sample D was 1,700.7 mg/kg, sample E was 1,466 mg/kg, sample F was 7. 100.1 mg/kg, sample G by 1,388.1 mg/kg, sample H by 1,587.6 mg/kg, sample I by 1,647.1 mg/kg, sample J by 3,172.9 mg/kg, the sodium benzoate content in the sauce samples above the maximum amount as determined by the  BPOM regulation No. 36 of 2013. Keywords:          Sodium benzoate, Preservative, Sauce, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
Optimasi Waktu Perendaman dan Waktu Ekstraksi Pembuatan Gelatin dari Sisik Ikan Nila Hitam (Oreocharomis niloticus) sebagai Gelling Agent: Optimization of Soaking Time and Extraction Time for Making Gelatin from Black Tilapia (Oreocharomis niloticus) Fish Scales as a Gelling Agent Rini Ambarwati; Septia Andini; Siti Salwah
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.2032

Abstract

Almost about 3/4 of the total weight of tilapia is waste, so the use of tilapia scale waste as gelatin has not been widely done. This study was designed to determine the effect of soaking and optimum extraction time on gelatin quality and determine the optimum conditions of soaking time and extraction time with Central Composite Design (CCD) design and optimum conditions determined by Response Composite Design (RSM). The conditions to be designed are to use 2 independent variables with variations in soaking time (12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours) and variations in extraction time (1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours) and the response to be seen is yield (%), viscosity (cP), and pH. The results of the study obtained the optimum condition of soaking time of 27,082 hours and extraction time of 2,989 hours, with a yield of 3.4356%, viscosity of 2.3933 cP and pH 3.8107, with the results of organoleptic evaluation parameters (brownish clear, coarse powder texture, typical tilapia aroma), yield (3.4356%.), pH (3.8107), water content (7.66%), ash content (0.18%), gelatin identification (positive biuret, millon and xantoprotein), viscosity (2.3933 cP),  protein content (90.91%) and gel strength 5.417 (Bloom). Keywords:          Gelatin, Ossein, Black tilipia scales   Abstrak Hampir sekitar ¾ dari berat total ikan nila merupakan limbahnya, sehingga pemanfaatan limbah sisik ikan nila sebagai gelatin belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh perendaman dan waktu ekstraksi optimum terhadap mutu gelatin dan mengetahu kondisi optimum waktu perendaman dan waktu ekstraksi dengan rancangan Central Composite Design (CCD) dan kondisi optimum ditentukan dengan Respon Composite Design (RSM). Kondisi yang akan dirancang adalah dengan menggunakan 2 variabel indipenden dengan variasi waktu perendaman (12 jam, 24 jam, dan 36 jam) dan variasi waktu ekstraksi (1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam) dan respon yang akan dilihat yaitu rendemen (%), viskositas (cP), dan pH. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kondisi optimum waktu perendaman 27.082 jam dan waktu ekstraksi 2.989 jam, dengan rendemen 3.4356%, viskositas 2.3933 cP dan pH 3.8107, dengan hasil parameter evalusi organoleptik (berwarna bening kecoklatan, bertektur serbuk kasar, beraroma khas ikan nila), rendemen (3.4356%.), pH (3.8107), kadar air (7.66%), kadar abu (0.18%), identifikasi gelatin (positif biuret, millon dan xantoprotein), viskositas (2.3933 cP), kadar protein (90.91%) dan kekuatan gel 5.417  (Bloom). Kata Kunci:         Gelatin, ossein, Sisik Nila Hitam
Jamur Endofitik BJS-3 Asosiasi Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata): Skiring Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan: Endophytic Fungal BJS-3 Associated Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata): Screening Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity Riga Riga; Mauline Adia Silvani; Wandi Oktria; Edi Nasra; Desy Kurniawati; Dewi Meliati Agustini
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.2034

Abstract

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) is a member of the Acanthaceae family reported to synthesis various bioactive compounds and has biological activities. One of the activities is antioxidant. An alternative source of searching for antioxidant compounds from Sambiloto is its endophytic fungi. The research aims to examine the content of secondary metabolites and determine the antioxidant activity of the BJS-3 endophytic fungus associated with Sambiloto seeds. The steps of the research were inoculation, optimization, fermentation, as well as extraction using ethyl acetate to obtain crude extract (EtOAc). Crude extract of fungal BJS-3 was evaluated for their phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity. The results of the phytochemical test on the endophytic fungus BJS-3 showed positive for terpenoids and phenolic compounds. Furthermore, antioxidant actitvity of extract of fungal BJS-3 was categorized as strong antioxidant properties (IC50 = 67.58 ppm). Keywords:          Antioxidant, Andrographis paniculata, endophytic fungi   Abstrak Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) adalah salah satu anggota keluarga Acanthaceae yang mampu mensintesis beragam senyawa bioaktif dan memiliki aktivitas biologis. Salah satu aktivitas tersebut adalah antioksidan. Sumber alternatif pencarian metabolit sekunder dengan aktivitas antioksidan dari sambiloto adalah dengan memanfaatkan jamur endofitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kandungan metabolit sekunder dan menentukan sifat antioksidan (IC50) dari jamur BJS-3 yang berasosiasi dengan biji sambiloto. Tahapan riset ini meliputi inokulasi, optimasi, fermentasi, dan ekstraksi dengan pelarut etil asetat dan diperoleh ekstrak etil asetat (EtOAc). Ekstrak EtOAc jamur BJS-3 tersebut dianalisis kandungan metabolit sekunder dan sifat antioksidannya. Hasil uji fitokimia pada jamur endofitik BJS-3 menunjukkan positif bahwa ekstrak tersebut mengandung terpenoid dan senyawa fenolik. Sementara itu, uji aktivitas antioksidan mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak jamur BJS-3 berpotensi sebagai agen antioksidan yang tergolong kuat (IC50 = 67,58 ppm). Kata Kunci:         Antioksidan, Andrographis paniculata, jamur endofitik
Uji Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bangkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud.): Phytochemical Screening Test and Sunscreen Activity of Bangkal Leaf Ethanol Extract (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud.) Fadlilaturrahmah Fadlilaturrahmah; Rahmat Ramadhani; Normaidah Normaidah; Audya Rahmah; Adinda Dwina Hadiastuti; Amalia Khairunnisa
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.2036

Abstract

Bangkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud.) is a type of plant originating from South Kalimantan that contains antioxidants so it can protect the skin from sun radiation. This study aims to identify secondary metabolites and sunscreen activity based on the Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) value of the ethanol extract of N. subdita leaves. Identification of secondary metabolite compounds was carried out using a tube test. Testing of sunscreen activity was carried out by determining the SPF value in vitro using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer instrument. The results of phytochemical screening tests on the ethanol extract of N. subdita leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, steroids, and tannins. The results of testing the activity of sunscreen from the ethanol extract of N. subdita leaves which had the highest SPF value was at a concentration of 250 ppm with an SPF value of 11.369 which was categorized as maximum protection. Keywords:          Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud, Identification, Sunscreen   Abstrak Bangkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud.) merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan yang berasal dari Kalimantan Selatan yang memiliki kandungan antioksidan sehingga mampu melindungi kulit dari adanya radiasi sinar matahari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan fitokimia dan aktivitas tabir surya berdasarkan nilai Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) pada ekstrak etanol daun N. subdita. Kandungan fitokimia dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji tabung dan pengujian terhadap aktivitas tabir surya dilakukan secara in vitro dengan menentukan nilai SPF menggunakan instrumen spektrofotometer uv-vis. Hasil pengujian skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak etanol daun N. subdita mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, saponin, steroid, dan tannin sedangkan hasil pengujian aktivitas sebagai tabir surya dari ekstrak etanol daun N. subdita yang memiliki nilai SPF paling tinggi adalah pada konsentrasi 250 ppm dengan nilai SPF sebesar 11,369 yang dikategorikan memiliki proteksi maksimal. Kata Kunci:         Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud, Identifikasi, Tabir surya
Uji In Vitro Ekstrak n-Heksana Rimpang Curcuma mangga Val. terhadap Ekspresi VEGF pada sel 4T1: In Vitro Test of Curcuma mangga Val. Rhizome’s n-Hexane Extract in VEGF Expression on 4T1 Cells Nurul Mukhlisa; Sitti Hadijah
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.2037

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most fatal disease to women in the world. Breast cancer prevalence teands to increase every year. Total 25,208 cases in which 20% is Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). VEGF crucial angiogenic marker in stimulating endothelial cell proliferation and regulation vascular permeability which are important roles in breast cancer growth; invasion and metastasis. Curcuma mangga Val. rhizomes empirically are used as an herbal anti-breast cancer. N-hexane extract of Curcuma mangga Val. have antibreast cancer potency to T47D and MCF-7 cells. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study that examine the anti TNBC breast cancer of n-hexane extract of Curcuma mangga Val. In this study was carried out on n-hexane extract of Curcuma mangga Val. againts 4T1 cells using MTT Assay and immunocytochemical test for inhibition of angiogenic VEGF protein expression. The result of cytotoxicity test showed that n-hexane extract of Curcuma mangga Val. is cytotoxic to 4T1 cells with IC50 63,37 ?M; while the IC50 alpelisib (positive control) was 32,96 ?M. Immunocytochemical test showed that there was no significant difference between n-hexane extract of Curcuma mangga Val. and alpelisib in inhibiting VEGF expression. So it can be concluded that n-hexane extract of Curcuma mangga Val. has anticancer potential for TNBC through inhibiting the VEGF protein expression. Keywords:          TNBC, Curcuma.mangga Val.; VEGF, 4T1   Abstrak Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyakit penyebab kematian utama pada wanita di dunia. Prevalensi kanker payudara cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Jumlah kasus di Indonesia mencapai 25.208 kasus dimana 20% merupakan Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). VEGF merupakan marker angiogenesis yang krusial dalam menstimulasi proliferasi sel endotel dan mengatur permeabilitas pembuluh darah yang memiliki peran penting dalam pertumbuhan, invasi, dan metastasis kanker payudara. Rimpang Curcuma.mangga Val. secara empirik digunakan masyarakat sebagai agen antikanker payudara. Ekstrak n-heksana Curcuma mangga Val. memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel T47D dan MCF-7. Namun, belum ada penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana Curcuma mangga Val. mempunyai aktivitas sitotoksik pada sel kanker payudara TNBC. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas ekstrak n-heksana Curcuma mangga Val. terhadap sel 4T1 secara MTT Assay dan pengujian imunositokimia penghambatan angiogenesis ekpresi protein VEGF. Hasil pengujian sitotoksisitas menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana Curcuma mangga Val. bersifat sitotoksik terhadap sel 4T1 dengan nilai IC50 63,37 ?M; sedangkan nilai IC50 alpelisib (kontrol sel) sebesar 32,96 ?M. Uji imunositokimia menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara ekstrak n-heksana rimpang Curcuma mangga Val. dan alpelisib dalam penghambatan ekspresi VEGF. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana rimpang Curcuma mangga Val. memiliki potensi antikanker TNBC melalui penghambatan protein VEGF. Kata Kunci:         TNBC, Curcuma mangga Val.; VEGF, 4T1

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