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Edi Syafri
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Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Published by Green Engineering Society
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28297687     DOI : 10.55043/jfpc
Core Subject : Science,
Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites is the international engineering and scientific journal serving the fields of fibers and polymer composites including processing methods and techniques, new trends and economic aspects, and applications. Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites is unique because it covers interdisciplinary areas related to fibers and polymer composites.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Material (semua kategori) - Ilmu Material (Lain-Lain)
Articles 29 Documents
 1   2   3 
Eco-Friendly Bioprocessing Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (Opefb) Fibers Into Nanocrystalline Cellulose (Ncc) Using White-Rot Fungi (Tremetes Versicolor) and Cellulase Enzyme (Trichoderma Reesei) Khairul Akli; Maryam Maryam; Maria Isfus Senjawati; Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1088.836 KB) | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v1i2.55

Abstract

The oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) as solid biomass of palm oil mill industry is available in abundance and has the potential to be utilized as the raw material of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). This research aims to investigate the effect of bioprocess treatment (bio-delignification, bio-bleaching, and enzymatic hydrolysis) on the nanocrystalline cellulose synthesized from OPEFB. The bio-delignification of OPEFB fiber was carried out using white-rot fungi (Tremetes versicolor and pre-bleaching pulp with xylanase. Trichoderma reesei, a cellulase enzyme type was used to hydrolyze the OPEFB fiber into nano-sized cellulose. The result exhibits that the cellulose content of OPEFB pulp using bio-delignification increased significantly compared to chemical treatment. Furthermore, the concentration of enzyme and hydrolysis time in the synthesis treatment affect reducing average particle size and increasing the crystallinity index while decreasing the yield of NCC produced. The synthesis process was under optimal processing conditions at 1% enzyme concentration and 3 days of hydrolysis time resulting in the NCC product with 155 nm of average particle size, 66.78% of crystallinity index, and a yield of 38.28%. The bioprocess technology applied in this study could improve the cellulose yield of OPEFB and enhance the quality parameters of NCC products such as particle size and crystallinity index.
Bio-Nanocomposite Films Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals Filled Polyvinyl Alcohol/Alginate Polymer Blend Houssine Khalili; Mohamed Hamid Salim; Sif-eddine Jabor Tlemcani; Rachid Makhlouf; Fatima-Zahra Semlali Aouragh Hassani; Houssine Ablouh; Zineb Kassab; Mounir El Achaby
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1275.172 KB) | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v1i2.56

Abstract

In this work, the Juncus plant was used as an abundant and sustainable raw material for the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Herein, cellulose nanocrystals were prepared via sulfuric acid hydrolysis exhibiting a needle-like shape morphology, with an average diameter of 6.8 ± 1.8 nm and length of 457 ± 76 nm, arising to an aspect ratio of 59. Moreover, X-ray diffraction and TGA show that the CNCs exhibit high crystallinity and good thermal property respectively compared to other sources. Further investigation was conducted by preparing novel bio-nanocomposites through the incorporation of CNCs into the polyvinyl alcohol- alginate (PVA-ALG) blend matrix. Thus, giving enhanced properties compared to the pure matrix, particularly the mechanical properties due to the good interfacial adhesion, confirmed by FTIR analysis, while maintaining good transparency at low CNCs concentration, which is required for packaging application.  
Effect of Alkaline Concentration Treatments on the Chemical, Physical and Thermal Characteristics of Cellulose from Tapioca Solid Waste I Wayan Arnata; Bambang Admadi Harsojuwono; Amna Hartiati; Anak Agung Made Dewi Anggreni; Dewi Sartika
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (784.354 KB) | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v1i2.57

Abstract

Tapioca solid waste (TSW), as a source of natural fiber, is produced in abundance, but its utilization is minimal and even has the potential to pollute the environment. Unfortunately, TSW fiber has low physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics that limit its application. Therefore, one way to improve the characteristics of TSW so that the fiber can be applied in various fields is by using the modified alkalization method. This study aims to determine the effect of alkali concentration on cellulose's chemical, physical, and thermal characteristics from TSW. Alkali treatment used NaOH solution of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (v/w). The chemical characteristics of the fiber were analyzed for moisture, starch, lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose content. Fiber surface morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), functional group changes with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), degree of crystallinity with X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal stability with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that alkaline treatment affected changes in the chemical, physical, and thermal characteristics of cellulose from TSW. The increasing concentration of NaOH causes the water and cellulose content to increase, while the starch, hemicellulose, and lignin content decrease. Surface morphology is getting rougher, fiber dimensions increase to 10% NaOH concentration, but at higher concentrations, it causes a decrease in dimensions. FTIR analysis showed that the intensity of the hemicellulose and lignin functional groups decreased with increasing NaOH concentration. The degree of crystallinity and crystal size increased until the NaOH concentration was 10%, but at higher concentrations, it tended to decrease. Meanwhile, d-spacing increased with increasing NaOH concentration. The thermal stability of the fiber tends to decrease with increasing NaOH concentration. Alkalized cellulose from TSW has the potential to be used in a wider field, such as adsorbent and composite reinforcing agent.
Effects of TEDA Doping on The Adsorption Properties of Activated Carbon as The Filling Material of Iodine Sampler Filter on The KLK06 CR004 System in G.A. Siwabessy Multipurpose Reactor (RSG – GAS) Cahyani Nelti Ulan; Vieska Rofianissa; Diene Noor Haerani; Nazly Kurniawan
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1644.565 KB) | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v1i2.58

Abstract

The performance of KLK06 CR004 as the iodine sampler system is certainly related with the specification, also with the adsorption properties and capacity of the filter filling material, which is applied on that system. A certain Activated Carbon material is applied as the filling material for the filter part of KLK06 CR004, for the purpose of radioactive iodine sampling from the released air through the RSG – GAS stack. The characterization of the activated carbon for KLK06 CR004, with and without TEDA doping, has been carried out to develop as a candidate for the iodine sampler system. The material used in this research was The KLK06 CR004 activated carbon and The KLK06 CR004- TEDA doping with various composition of TEDA. The surface morphology of the activated carbon was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Moreover, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the activated carbon composition was also carried out in this research, by occupying the Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The adsorption surface area and particle size sample were analyzed by the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET).
Recent Developments in Bio Composites from Natural Fibers and Agricultural Wastes G R Arpitha; M Madhusudhan
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (232.148 KB) | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v1i2.61

Abstract

Editor's Corner
Plant-based cellulose fiber as biomaterials for biomedical application: A Short Review Azril Azril; Yeau-Ren Jeng; Agus Nugroho
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v2i1.70

Abstract

Cellulose is the most common polysaccharide that can be obtained from many resources. Plant-based cellulose (PC) is preferable due to its high renewability and availability in nature. This inherent affluence naturally opens the door to new applications for this adaptable material. PC provides various potential applications such as packaging, textile, and biomedical application. Currently, PC shows progress in its feasibility in biomedical applications because it fulfills the requirement of the characteristics of biomaterials such as biocompatible, biodegradable, anti-microbial, and enhancing tissue regeneration. Different morphological forms of PC such as fiber, microfibril/nanofibril cellulose (MFCs/NFCs), and micro/nanocrystalline cellulose (MCCs/NCCs) are adapted for different biomedical applications. This short review provides a general characteristic of plant-based cellulose (PC) and its potential to be applied in biomedical fields such as tissue engineering.
Nanocellulose, The Origin of Natural Reinforcement in Advanced Biocomposites Nanang Masruchin
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v2i1.82

Abstract

The study on nanocellulose was early reported in 1956 by Battista et al., for the term of level-off degree of polymerization of cellulose which nowadays the crystal is maintained with high aspect ratio (length/diameter) as named as cellulose nanocrystal and further, in 1983 by Turbak et al., for the term of microfibrillated cellulose which has gel-like structure and thixotropic viscosity properties, afterwards, the extraction study of nanocellulose has gaining sky rocketly in the number of publications, yet it is not commercially available in the market readily in the general bioproducts. Cellulose is the most abundant and ubiquitous linier biopolymer on earth and is found in the cell walls of plants as the origin, where it provides structural support for plants consist of glucose monomer with 1-4-β glycosidic linkage. While nanocellulose is a type of cellulose material that has been broken down into nanoscale dimensions which contain aggregation of cellulose biopolymer due to inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding within cellulose. Those nanoscales provide zero-defect, nir-dislocation, which caused high modulus strength and high tensile strength material, up to 150 GPa and 2 GPa, respectively. The remarkable properties of cellulose provide the wood as a strong, tough and smart living organism. Therefore, with nanotechnology, many scholars have seeking knowledge to mimic the biocomposite of wood to make lightweight, strong, tough, and functionalized advanced materials. The behavior of nanocellulose as reinforcing agents has been elaborated for their high surface area, surface charge for better dispersion, surface functionality, dimension and morphology, thermal expansion, crystallinity, and amphiphilicity. Beside nanocellulose properties, the key-technology to develop advanced bio-nanocomposite is the ability to handle the interface and interphase between reinforcing agent and its matrix and the choice of matrices is also important. The hierarchical structure of cellulose in wood could be the inspiration to modify the interaction of nanocellulose within composite such as hybrid, tertiary bio nanocomposite, honey-comb designed composite, or interpenetrated polymer networks composite.
Potential and Application of Vegetable Tanning Materials from Industrial Forest Plantation in Indonesia Sri Mutiar; Anwar Kasim
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v2i1.62

Abstract

Vegetable tanning materials are sourced from plants that contain tannin compounds. Tannins are obtained through the extraction method from the roots, stems, bark, or fruit of the original plant. There are several forest management companies in Indonesia that produce wood from plant species Acacia auriculiformis and Acacia mangium. Both species are known as Acacia. Acacia is an important source of tannin for material tanner vegetables. This wood is produced as a raw material for the pulp and paper industry. However, the bark contains tannin and has not been used optimally. Therefore, the study's potential and possible applications as vegetable tanning agents have been carried out. The research was started by investigating the availability of bark and extracting tannins to obtain extracts containing tannins. Furthermore, the extract obtained was applied as a vegetable tanning agent for the goatskin tanning process. The results showed that the bark of the Plant Industry Forest has the potential to be developed as a source of tannins for material vegetable tanning agents. The application of acacia bark extract in goatskin tanning has obtained tanned leather that meets the Indonesian National Standard.
Evaluation of the Impact Strength and Morphology Properties of Musa Acuminata Fiber Composite/CaCo3 Powder Nasmi Herlina Sari; Salman; Suteja; Yusuf Akhyar Sutaryono; Joni Iskandar
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v2i1.63

Abstract

Banana stem (Musa Acuminata, MA) fiber is a free agricultural waste obtained after harvesting the fruit. When compared to synthetic fibers, banana fiber has significant weaknesses in composite production, such as low interfacial bond strength between the fiber and the matrix. The purpose of this research is to improve the impact strength of banana stem fiber composites by adding CaCO3 powder. The hot press technique is used to create composites. In the production of polyester composites, woven MA and CaCO3 stem fibers are prepared. An impact testing machine and a scanning electron microscope were used to investigate the effect on morphological properties and impact strength. The study's findings revealed that a polyester composite containing 10% banana stem fiber and 25% CaCO3 had the highest impact strength of 45.27 KJ/m2, which was associated with strong adhesion between the CaCO3-fiber and the polyester matrix. Fiber pullout, matrix cracking, and fiber debonding were all observed in the composite fracture morphology. The resulting composite properties could be used to replace palm fiber/fiber glass composites.
The Influence of Polylactide Addition to The Performance of LifePO4/C Composite as Cathode Materials Indra Gunawan; Deswita; Heri Jodi; Wahyudianingsih
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jfpc.v2i1.72

Abstract

The polylactide and carbon addition to LiFePO4 has been studied to investigate the behavior of LiFePO4/C composite. The cathode material of LiFePO4 was prepared by coprecipitation of LiOH.H2O, (NH4)2HPO4, and FeSO4.7H2O solution. The resulting LiFePO4 was mixed with biodegradable polymer PLA in the concentration of 6, 8, 10, and 12 % weight of the polymer. Heat treatment was done by heating the precursor at 700 o C for 4 hours. The physical chemistry properties of cathode materials were analyzed by using Simultaneous Thermal Analysis (STA), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) methods. High Precision LCR-meter was used to perform conductivity measurement, in which the LiFePO4/C powder samples were prepared by using a 200 kg/cm2 hydraulic press. TG analysis informs gradual weight decrease at LiFePO4 temperature formation of 470 C and pyrolisis of remaining PLA occurs at 600 C. From all samples, XRD data indicate the pure phase of LiFePO4. SEM image shows the uniform distribution particle of the sample with 6 % PLA content with a conductivity of 1.99 X 10-2 Scm-1.

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