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Patricia Wulandari
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Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Published by Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization
ISSN : 29871425     EISSN : 29871425     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59345/sjn
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Focus Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology (SJN) focused on the development of medical sciences especially neurology for human well-being. Scope Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology (SJN) publishes articles which encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of neurology and allied science fields, especially all type of original articles, case report, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Syaraf - Neorologi
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
The Relationship between Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Head Injured Patients and Patient Outcomes Ahmad Hidayat; Alwi Sentosa
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i1.26

Abstract

Introduction: Head injury causes microglial activation and release of proinflammatory cytokines. One of the inflammatory markers that can be used is the neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR). Within 24 hours after brain injury, the number of circulating neutrophils was markedly increased compared to the uninjured control group. This study aimed to determine the relationship between ratios of neutrophil-lymphocyte head injury patients with patient outcomes at Dr. M Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic observational study. A total of 36 research subjects participated in this study. Observations on sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were carried out in this study. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS using univariate and bivariate. Results: The majority of study subjects with a good Glasgow outcome scale had a neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <7.35. Meanwhile, research subjects with Glasgow the poor outcome scale had a neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio ≥7.35, p<0.05. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and the outcome of head injury patients at Dr. M Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
The Relationship between Hba1c Levels and Body Mass Index with Severity of Diabetic Neuropathy Muhammad Rauf; Masyita Sari
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i1.27

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy is the most common microvascular complication in diabetes mellitus patients. Diabetic neuropathy is known to be associated with conditions of hyperglycemia and obesity that occur in diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients can be monitored through HbA1c levels. This study aimed to assess the relationship between HbA1C values and body mass index with the severity of diabetic neuropathy based on nerve conduction velocity examination. Methods: A study with a cross-sectional design with a total of 25 subjects with diabetes mellitus. The severity of diabetic neuropathy was determined based on Baba's diabetic neuropathy classification (BDC), degrees 0 to 4. In all study subjects, plasma HbA1c levels were examined, and body mass index was assessed. The relationship between categorical variables was tested with the chi-square test, and the relationship between numerical and categorical variables with a one-way ANOVA test, the value was considered statistically significant if the p-value <0.05. Results: The 25 subjects with diabetes found a mean age of 54.88 (±SD 8.918) years, with a gender distribution of 46.4% for women and 42.9% for men. The average HbA1c level was 8.9560 (± 2.21850), and the highest body mass index was obese (50%). There was a significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the severity of diabetic neuropathy based on electrophysiological examination (p<0.05), but there was no significant relationship between the value of body mass index and the severity of diabetic neuropathy. Conclusion: Increased HbA1c levels are associated with increased severity of peripheral neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Pathophysiology of Primary Headache Syndrome: A Narrative Literature Review Ahmad Asmedi
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i1.28

Abstract

Primary headache syndrome is a chronic recurrent type not associated with structural abnormalities or systemic disease and includes migraine, cluster, paroxysmal hemicrania, and tension headaches. This literature review aimed to describe the types of primary headaches and their pathophysiology. Migraine is an episodic neurological disorder characterized by headaches that last 4 to 72 hours. This disorder is diagnosed when two of the following features occur: unilateral headache, throbbing pain, the pain worsening with activity, moderate or severe pain intensity, and at least one of the following: nausea and/or vomiting, or photophobia and phonophobia. Cluster headaches are one of a group of rare disorders known as trigeminal autonomic cephalgia. Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common type of recurring headache. It's not a vascular headache or a migraine. The mean age of onset is during the second decade of life. Usually mild to moderate bilateral headaches with a feeling of tight bands or pressure around the head.
The Mechanism of Nerve Impulses: A Narrative Literature Review Jhoni Asri; Christ Rumantir
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i1.29

Abstract

Neurons are not physically continuous with each other but form points of contact with adjacent neurons by special structures called synapses. The synapse consists of a small rounded end of the presynaptic neuron (synaptic knob) that is separated from the postsynaptic neuron by the synaptic cleft. This literature review aimed to describe the mechanism of nerve impulses in the human body. Neurons generate and conduct electrical impulses by selectively changing the conductance across their plasma membranes and influencing other nearby neurons by releasing chemical signals (neurotransmitters). Neurotransmitters are synthesized in neurons and in localization at the presynaptic terminal (synaptic boutons). The neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft in response to the arrival of an electrical impulse and binds to receptor sites (binding sites) on the postsynaptic membrane of adjacent neurons or other effectors. In conclusion, an understanding of the impulse mechanism of nerves will assist in determining the treatment of neurological disorders.
Overview of Cellular Aspects of the Nervous System: A Narrative Literature Review Khairul Surbakti
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i1.30

Abstract

The structure of neurons varies so much that each neuron is adapted to perform a specific function. Although their functions may vary slightly, neurons have three common components, namely the cell body (soma), dendrites (thin branching fibers from the cell), and the axon. This literature review aimed to describe the cellular aspect of the system nerves in the human body. The cellular constituents of a typical neuron include microtubules (transporters within the cell), neurofibrils (thin supporting fibers extending throughout the neuron), microfilaments (proteins thought to be involved in the transport of cellular products), and Nissl bodies (endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes). Involved in protein synthesis. Although most neurons are non-dividing cells, some continue to divide after birth; for example, the olfactory neurons in the nose continue to divide throughout life. In conclusion, there are two basic types of cells comprising nervous tissue: neurons and supporting neuroglia. Neurons are electrically excitable cells and transmit electrical or chemical information between other neurons or to effector organs. Neuroglial cells provide structural support, protection, and nutrition for neurons and facilitate neurotransmission.
Cerebral Infarction Due to Polycythemia Vera: A Case Report Nur Aida Oktasari; Nurotus Saniyah
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i2.42

Abstract

Introduction: Changes in blood viscosity can cause thrombosis in the brain, causing a stroke. Polycythemia vera is one of the causes of blood hyperviscosity. This study aimed to present cases of cerebral infarction related to polycythemia vera. Case presentation: A 55-year-old woman came to the emergency room with complaints of sudden weakness in the left limbs. One week before admission, the patient complained of headaches accompanied by spinning dizziness. Her left limbs often tingled and became weaker. There was an asymmetric facial deviation to the right, and the patient had difficulty communicating with unclear articulation. Specific examination of neurology shows dysarthria, left-sided motor type facial paralysis, examination of motor strength of the upper and lower extremities on the left 2 and 5 on the right, and the left upper limb often feels tingling. On the left limb, normal physiological biceps reflex was found, positive Chaddock pathological reflex. Morphological examination of peripheral blood showed normocytic normochromic with erythrosis and thrombocytosis and found giant platelets. This patient was diagnosed with an ischemic stroke caused by cerebral infarction, with polycythemia vera etiology, and accompanied by comorbid diseases of diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled hypertension. Conclusion: In patients with high-risk criteria for thrombosis, the management of phlebotomy, administration of low-dose aspirin, and cytoreduction in the form of hydroxyurea aims to achieve a hematocrit <45% so as to prevent worsening and recurrence of stroke.
Parkinson Disease: Pathophysiology and Histopathological Overview Erinne Defriani
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i2.81

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is distinguished by bradykinesia, stiffness, postural instability, and tremor. The syndrome can be caused by several pathological processes, but the characteristic pathological feature of Parkinson's disease is neurodegeneration accompanied by the presence of α-synuclein neuronal aggregates known as Lewy bodies. LBs and Lewy neurites are insoluble accumulations composed mainly of phosphorylated-synuclein, and they are distributed extensively in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. The distribution of Lewy bodies (LBs) may have a role in determining the phenotype of Lewy body dementia (LBD). Common misdiagnoses for ailments that are pathologically similar include Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal syndrome, multiple system atrophy, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, cerebrovascular illnesses, and essential tremor. This study examines the progression of pathology in cases of accidental and symptomatic Parkinson's disease, proposing a staging technique that is based on the easily identifiable spatial distribution of the lesions.
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: Mechanism and Prevention Mgs Ahmad Rifqi Murtadho
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i2.82

Abstract

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) refers to a condition characterized by impaired cognitive processing and reasoning, which can negatively affect perceptual abilities and play a crucial role in overall health. Factors such as age, educational attainment, history of mental illness, and the presence of comorbid diseases can influence the occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Strategies aimed at preventing the occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) involve both surgical interventions and addressing patient-related issues, as well as optimizing the administration of anesthetics and conducting surgery in a stress-free manner. The benefits of reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in brain cells have been demonstrated. Postoperative recovery may be extended due to postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The studies conducted showed heterogeneity in terms of patient groups, methodology used to quantify POCD, and study design, making it challenging to draw generalizable conclusions. The prevalence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a widespread health concern globally.
Analysis of the Function and Role of Brain Neurotransmitters in Individual Activities Sanduk Singh
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i2.90

Abstract

Studying the function and role of brain neurotransmitters in individual behaviors is an intricate investigation in the fields of neuroscience and psychology. Neurotransmitters are chemical substances that facilitate the transmission of signals between neurons in the brain. Their function is crucial in overseeing diverse facets of the human brain and bodily functions. Intricate connections among neurotransmitters, brain circuitry, and environmental influences influence individual activity. An optimal equilibrium of neurotransmitters is crucial. Imbalances, either in insufficient or excessive amounts, can be associated with a range of mental and neurological diseases. This review aims to describe the function and role of brain neurotransmitters in person activities.
Study of Brain Neuroplasticity Analysis in Response to the Learning Process Rachmat Hidayat
Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjn.v1i2.91

Abstract

Neuroplasticity, encompassing synaptic, structural, and functional plasticity, forms the biological basis of the brain's ability to retain information, improve cognitive function, and memory. Synaptic plasticity, which involves changing the connections between neurons at synapses, creates the foundation for memory formation and maintenance. Through phenomena such as Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) and Long-Term Depression (LTD), synaptis-synapses can increase or decrease strength, allowing the formation of long-lasting memory traces. Structural plasticity, which involves changes in the physical structure of neurons and brain tissue, including the formation of new dendrites, synaptic branches, and even neurogenesis. This demonstrates the brain's capacity to actively renovate itself, form new connection pathways, and improve responses to the environment and learning. Functional plasticity indicates the brain's flexibility in changing the functions and tasks of specific brain areas in response to activity or learning.

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