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Bulletin of Geology
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 25800752     EISSN : 25800752     DOI : 10.5614/bull.geol.
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering
Bulletin of Geology is a research-based periodical scientific open access journal published by Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB). The published article in Bulletin of Geology covers all geoscience and technology fields including Geology, Geophysics, Geodesy, Meteorology, Oceanography, Petroleum, Mining, and Geography. The submitted abstract must be written in English and Bahasa Indonesia, but the article content is English or Bahasa Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Geologi
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology" : 5 Documents clear
ANALISIS KESTABILAN LERENG TIGA DIMENSI PADA BATUAN METAMORF DI PERBUKITAN ASINUA, SULAWESI TENGGARA Rendy Kartiko
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Analisis Kestabilan lereng pada batuan relatif jarang dilakukan pada daerah-daerah terpencil di Sulawesi. Sementara itu perkembangan yang semakin cepat menuntut infrastruktur untuk dapat dimitigasi dengan kajian longsoran bila nanti terjadi, baik akibat gempa ataupun karena curah hujan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini mengkaji kestabilan lereng tiga dimensi pada batuan metamorf berupa sekis dengan metode kesetimbangan batas. Parameter keruntuhan massa batuan yang diukur dari tali pindai dan uji laboratorium menjadi dasar bagi pemodelan. Kondisi ketidak pastian dari massa batuan digambarkan dengan dua skenario berdasarkan variasi dari nilai kuat tekan batuan. Penurunan nilai faktor keamanan terlihat dari pemberian beban gempa, kondisi airtanah yang jenuh. Nilai FK kritis terlihat mulai terjadi pada skenario batuan yang lebih lemah dengan kondisi airtanah yang jenuh. Sedangkan pada batuan yang lebih keras maka gabungan kondisi airtanah yang jenuh dan beban gempa baru dapat membuat nilai FK menjadi kritis. Slope stability analysis are seldom performed in rocky area within remote area of Sulawesi Island. Meanwhile, infrastructure development has been accelarated, thus need mitigation with slope stability analysis to focus on potential unstable slopes due to earthquake or high rainfall intensity. This research develops three-dimensional slope stability in metamorphic rock with limit equilibrium method. Rock mass failure envelope is predicted after acquiring outcrop scanline and laboratory tests. Uncertainty from rock mass is described by two scenarios base on variation of rock compressive strength. Safety factor downward trend are predicted with earthquake load, and saturated condition of rocks. Critical safety factor initially seen in scenario with weaker rock with water saturated condition. Meanwhile on stronger rock, only after combination of water saturation and earthquake load critical safety factor reached.
ANALISIS PERINGKAT DAN LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN LAPISAN BATUBARA BAWAH PERMUKAAN FORMASI MUARAENIM DI AREA OGAN KOMERING, CEKUNGAN SUMATRA SELATAN Wahyu Probo Ananto
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Sari - Cekungan Sumatra Selatan adalah salah satu cekungan di Indonesia dengan prospektivitas batubara yang besar, selain batubara cekungan ini memiliki potensi sumberdaya gas metana batubara (coal bed methane) terbesar di Indonesia (183 TCF), potensi tersebut berada di Formasi Muaraenim. Oleh karena itu batubara di cekungan ini terutama yang berada di bawah permukaan perlu dianalisis lebih lanjut untuk menentukan peringkatnya yang akan berhubungan dengan tipe gas metana yang terbentuk dan kuantitasnya. Apabila peringkat batubara sudah mencapai level bituminus (high volatile), dipastikan batubara tersebut akan banyak mengandung gas metana termogenik. Walaupun begitu, batubara peringkat rendah (low rank coal) tidak menutup kemungkinan menghasilkan metana juga tetapi lebih bersifat biogenik (secara kuantitas tidak sebanyak metana termogenik) yang merupakan hasil pembusukan dari material organik akibat aktivitas mikroba dan bakteri pada saat proses penggambutan terjadi. Sementara itu lingkungan pengendapan batubara menjadi penting sebagai kerangka berpikir dalam menentukan persebaran batubara di bawah permukaan. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam interpretasi dan analisis data di atas meliputi analisis peringkat batubara berdasarkan ASTM D-388 (1999) yang dimodifikasi oleh Moore (2012) dan Thomas (2013), klasifikasi batubara peringkat rendah oleh Bielowicz (2012), dan analisis lingkungan pengendapan batubara dengan menggunakan diagram terner tipe maseral utama (principal maceral type) serta grafik Tissue Preservation Index (TPI) vs Gelification Index (GI). Penelitian ini menunjukkan jika berdasarkan analisis proksimat dan pantulan vitrinit yang dilakukan, batubara di daerah penelitian adalah batubara peringkat rendah (low rank coal) dengan rentang peringkat dari lignit - subbituminus. Sementara itu analisis lingkungan pengendapan yang dilakukan menghasilkan lingkungan lower delta plain dengan kemungkinan fasies arsitektur berupa endapan interdistributary marsh - tidal flat dengan rezim hidrologi limnic sehingga berada pada lingkungan dataran gambut yang relatif basah / banyak air (more wet mire) dan dengan suplai klastik kasar yang terbatas (limited influx clastic marsh). Kata kunci: batubara Formasi Muaraenim, peringkat batubara, lingkungan pengendapan batubara, proksimat batubara, maseral, Tissue Preservation Index, Gelification Index. Abstract - South Sumatra Basin is one of the basins in Indonesia with good coal prospectivity, apart from coal this basin has the largest potential for coal bed methane gas in Indonesia (183 TCF), this potential is occurred in Muaraenim Formation. Therefore, coal in this basin, especially subsurface coal, needs further study to determine its rank which will be related to the methane type (thermogenic or biogenic) and its quantity. If the coal rank has reached the bituminous level (high volatile), the coal will contain a lot of thermogenic methane. Nonetheless, low rank coal does not rule out the possibility of also producing methane, but it is more biogenic related (in quantity not as much as thermogenic) which is the result of organic matter decomposition due to microbial and bacterial activity during peatification. Meanwhile, coal depositional environment is important as a framework in determining the distribution of subsurface coal. Methodology used in data interpretation and analysis includes analysis of coal rank based on ASTM D-388 (1999) modified by Moore (2012) and Thomas (2013), classification of low rank coal by Bielowicz (2012), and analysis of coal depositional environment using ternary diagram of principal maceral type and graph of Tissue Preservation Index (TPI) vs Gelification Index (GI). This study shows that based on proximate and vitrinite reflection, the coal in the study area is low rank coal (lignite - sub-bituminous). Meanwhile the depositional environment analysis resulting the lower delta plain environment with possible architectural facies of interdistributary marsh-tidal flat deposits with limnic hydrological regime which related to relatively wet peatland environment (more wet mire) and with limited clastic supply (limited influx clastic marsh). Keywords: Muaraenim coal-bearing formation, coal rank, coal depositional environment, coal proximate, maceral, Tissue Preservation Index, Gelification Index.
INSIGHT ON IDENTIFYING LOW RESISTIVITY PAY ZONES FOR SANDSTONE INTERVALSIN SOUTH SUMATRA AND SANGA SANGA BLOCK, INDONESIA. Dwiharso Nugroho
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Abstrack - in most development fields low resistivity pay zones (LRPZ) are not the main targets. Challenge is on identifying it and define their reservoir petrophysical properties beside the classic analysis on genetic of the LRPZ. It is important to note that most LRPZ genetically are caused by reasons that are directly linked to the petrophysical parameters as main constraints on defining the reservoir (petrophysical) properties. It have consequences that the petrophysical parameters for LRPZ should be defined exclusively before running the well log analysis for the whole well. This paper focuse on proposing simple methods to predict the LRPZ using the basic well logs data also share some decisions that have been made in South Sumatra and Sanga Sanga Block result in a quite success story relatedly. The first method is simple petrophysical analysis using basic wireline log data which done by applying a certain cut off and exercising the cut off on some wells in the basin wise well test data to get field wise references in the same basin/subbasin (in this case is South Sumatra Basin). The second method is identifying and analyzing LRPZ using well-known MRGC (Multi Resolution Graph-Based Clustering) that normally is used on electro facies and rock type analysis and has never been used on defining LRPZ. This study proved that these two methods performed well as LR pay zone prediction and significantly adding new pay zones for increasing chance to get additional reserves and production.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN METODE GEOREFERENSI LANGSUNG DAN TIDAK LANGSUNG PADA DATA AWAN TITIK Sella Lestari Nurmaulia
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technology can produce 3-Dimensional Modeling with good geometry. However, to be able to produce good geometric accuracy, one of which is the need for proper registration techniques and georeferencing processes. The registration technique that is widely used is the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. The success of this registration technique is affected by the percentage of overlap, the magnitude of the angle, and the distance between the two data point clouds. In the indirect georeferencing technique, the point cloud data does not yet have global coordinates, so to unify all the scan results, the registration method using target-to-target registration or cloud-to-cloud registration needs to be done before using the ICP algorithm. Whereas in direct georeferencing, point cloud data for all scan results already has global coordinates so that the registration technique can directly use the ICP algorithm. How precise is the direct georeferencing method compared to the indirect georeferencing method on the results of the registration of the two point cloud data will be discussed in this study. The results obtained are the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value is the same for both direct georeferencing and indirect georeferencing methods.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE 2018 KRAKATAU TSUNAMI GENERATED BY FLANK COLLAPSE AND ASESSMENT OF TSUNAMI HEIGHT IN PANDEGLANG REGENCY Hamzah Latief; KHOLILLAH YUDICIA ISNAENI; MUTIARA RACHMAT PUTRI; HAEKAL YUSRIL FAIZIN; HANIF DIASTOMO; Iwan Pramesti Anwar
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

This study aims to reconstruct the tsunami event on December 22, 2018, due to the eruption of Mount Anak Krakatau which caused flank collapse generated an underwater landslide. Then this landslide caused a tsunami that impacted along the coast of the Sunda Strait, especially on the coast of Pandeglang Regency. Based on satellite imagery, it is known that the source of the landslide came from the southwestern part of Anak Krakatau's wall moving down the former caldera wall of the 1883 Krakatau volcanic eruption. The mount grew again and was known as Mount Anak Krakatau and appeared above sea level in 1929 and continued to grow. Subsequently, several eruptions spewed sediment deposits that had accumulated on the edges and foot of the mount. These sediments increased and become unstable, causing flank collapse and triggering underwater landslides. Several simulation scenarios have been carried out, in order to obtain the best model that can represent the 2018 Anak Krakatoa Tsunami with landslide parameters, namely: the volume of the landslide is 0.276 km3, the duration of propagation is 410 seconds, the inclination angle is 8.2°, and the length of the landslide trajectory is 3435 meters. The waveform generated as a tsunami source is in the form of wave peaks in the direction of the slide and wave valleys on the back of the slide. Furthermore, this wave propagated to all directions however mostly focused towards the southwest i.e. Panaitan Island and Pandeglang Regency. Tsunami simulations show that the tsunami reached: Panaitan Island and Pandeglang Regency at 58-60 minutes, Kota Agung (Lampung) at 42 minutes, and Ciwandan (Banten) at 46 minutes after the landslide with a tsunami height of 5.01m, 0.9 m and 0.7 m respectively, with a maximum tsunami wave height of 18.6 m on Panaitan Island. Furthermore, it is known that there are 5 areas in Pandeglang Regency that fall into the high tsunami hazard category with a tsunami height of more than 3 m, namely Panaitan Island, Ujungkulon District, Sumur, Panimbang, and Labuhan. By knowing the distribution tsunami height and estimate time arrival of the tsunami in the affected area, as well as the inundation area accurately, an early warning system and mitigation efforts can be planned such as spatial planning and other efforts

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