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Althea Medical Journal

amj
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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374330 DOI : 10.15850/amj

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 3 (2019)" : 10 Documents clear

The Impact of Nutritional Counseling to Nutritional Knowledge and Energy Intake among Obese Children in Junior High School Lastri Asmuniati; Dewi Marhaeni Diah Herawati; Julistio TB Djais
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Obesity has a serious impact on health, leading to not only premature mortality but also to long-term morbidity. Factors that contribute to obesity are genetic and lifestyle. This study aimed to analyze the impact of nutritional counseling on nutritional knowledge and energy intake among obese children in junior high school.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Jatinangor in September–November 2014 using a consecutive sampling until 25 students had reached. The inclusion criteria were junior high school students with BMI z-score per age >2 obese categories. Nutritional knowledge and energy intake were measured using a 24-hour recall test, conducted before and after 2 weeks of nutritional counseling. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test.Results: The average of nutritional knowledge before counseling was 46.72±2.63 and after counseling was 65.92±2.92 (p<0.001), whereas the average in energy intake before counseling was 1769.68±113.32 and after counseling was 1397.52±114.31 (p=0.006).Conclusions: There is an increase knowledge and decrease energy intake among obese children in junior high school students in Jatinangor subdistrict after nutritional counseling. A better understanding among obese children needs to be highlighted and nutrition education and counseling should be given in schools.

Biofilm Formation in Reverse Osmosis Water at Hemodialysis Units in Two Hospitals Bandung Aswin Yeoh Kit Shawn; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Diah Dhianawaty
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Bacteria in aquatic environments do not usually live as a single free-swimming microscopic cell, but rather as communities of microorganisms that are attached to a surface in the form of biofilm. Biofilm is a major cause of concern to the medical world, as it protects the bacteria from a harsh environment, the host immune system, antimicrobial therapy, and even disinfectant. The aim of this study was to determine which genus or species of bacteria in reverse osmosis (RO) water was able to form a biofilm.Methods: Water samples were taken from RO water of water treatment in hemodialysis (HD) centers at two hospitals in Bandung; at each point of the water treatment plant, bacteria were cultured. Any growth of bacteria was tested with a tube method to determine the formation of biofilm.Results: Micrococcus luteus, Citrobacter diversus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas sp., Serratia sp., Acinetobacter sp. were able to form biofilm while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were not.Conclusions: Most bacteria isolated from RO water can form a biofilm, and a few are not. This study is successfully to check the possibility of biofilm formation of RO water, therefore, disinfecting RO water regularly is important and highly encouraged.

Identification of Bacteria from Skin Swab in Pre-operative Closed Fracture Orthopedic Surgery Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Ghita Bengtissen; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Yoyos Dias Ismiarto; Isa Ridwan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most frequent site of health care- associated infections (HAIs). Surgical incision breaks the protective barrier of the skin and causes bacteria to enter; therefore, pre-operative procedure is very important to reduce the risk of SSI. This study aimed to identify any bacteria in skin swab of pre-operative closed fracture during elective orthopedic surgery patients.Methods: This was a descriptive laboratory study, conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran in October to November 2012. Samples were taken from skin swab of patients with closed fracture taken before elective orthopedic surgery. Samples were cultured on blood agar, then incubated in an aerobic condition for 24 hours at 37°C. The bacteria were then identified, including the type and the number of the bacteria colonies, using microscopic gram staining and by biochemistry testing using coagulase, novobiocin, and catalase test. The bacteria colonies formed on blood agar were counted using CFU/mL. Results: Of 24 samples taken, 14 (58.3%) were positive for bacteria, 7 negative and 3 were excluded due to dead bacteria. The bacteria identified in the samples were all staphylococcus species and the colony counting was lower than 10⁵ CFU/mL.Conclusions: Bacteria staphylococcus are detected from more than half of skin swab during pre-operative closed fracture orthopedic surgery patients. Thus, it is important to apply a proper antiseptic procedure before making a surgical incision to reduce the risk of SSI.

Comparison of Intelligence based on Short-term Memory Test between Urban and Rural Children Amira Addiniya; Leonardo Lubis; Marietta Shanti Prananta
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Cognitive development occurs during childhood and this development is influenced by various environmental factors such as urban and rural environments which can affect child cognitive development. Short-term memory is very important as the first step in processing new information to do cognitive tasks. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term memory of children coming from an urban and rural area.Methods: A cross-sectional design was performed in this observational analytical study, conducted from September to October 2014 in Jatinangor. Students from elementary school students in an urban and rural area in Jatinangor were selected, using a stratified random sampling method. The Digit Span Forward, Backward, and Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT) were used to measure short-term memory. Mann-Whitney test and independent T-test were used in this research.Results: There was no significant difference in Digit Span Forward score between urban and rural boys (p=0.564); and girls group (p=0.982). On the contrary, Digit Span Backward score among urban boys (p=0.007) and urban girls (p=0.006) was significantly higher compared to those living in the rural areas. Similarly, a significantly higher score of SDMT in the urban areas was found compared to rural for boys (p=0.011) and girls (p=0.026).Conclusions: Intelligence based on a short-term memory test, consisting of Digit Span Backward and Symbol Digit Modality Test, is higher in urban children compared to children in the rural areas.

The Risk Factors and Collateral System in Coronary Artery Disease among Patients in Bandung Gabriella Graziani; Toni M. Aprami; R. B. Soeherman
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: The slow blood flow may cause atherosclerotic plaque, leading to an obstruction in the arterial circulation, and thus resulting in among others myocardial ischemia. There are many risk factors associated with the collateral system such as dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking habit. This study aimed to determine the association between risk factors and collateral system in patients in Bandung. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, using data of 186 medical records taken from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in October 2013. The risk factors were assessed and the prevalence ratio reflected the association between the risk factors and the collateral system was analyzed.Results: The study revealed no significant association between each risk factor and the collateral system, including obesity (p=0.690), smoking (p=0.175), dyslipidemia (p=0.747), and diabetes mellitus (p=0.616); however, only hypertension was associated (p=0.020). Furthermore, no significant association was found between the number of risk factor and the collateral system (p=0.233).Conclusions: Of the risk factors published, only hypertension is a significant risk factor among patients in Bandung, while others including obesity, smoking, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus are not associated. Further study needs to be performed to explore other risk factors in coronary artery disease, and to prevent the disease among the population.

Antituberculosis Drug-induced Hepatotoxicity in Pediatric Tuberculosis Vycke Yunivita; Muhammad Iqbal; Adi Utomo Suardi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Hepatotoxicity is the most serious side effect caused by using oral antituberculosis (OAT) drugs. This study was performed to determine the characteristics of patients who had antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ADIH) among pediatric inpatient with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a total sampling of medical records taken from January–December 2012, including pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis inpatients aged <14 years old at the Department of Child Health of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The inclusion criteria were children with pulmonary tuberculosis who received OAT drugs. Patients with liver disease were excluded. Data on alanine and aspartate aminotransferase were collected and an increased level of serum aminotransferase was designated as hepatotoxicity.Results: In total, 86 medical records were obtained of whom 24 had ADIH, predominantly occurred in girls (71%), aged 5–9 years old (42%) and in the intensive phase of therapy (58%). Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (58%), aspartate aminotransferasen (92%), and bilirubin (0.8%) were found. Malnutrition (46%) was common. The difference indeviation of liver function was statistically significant (p<000) between subjects with and without ADIH.Conclusions: Hepatotoxicity is most prominent in patients with malnutrition, girls aged 5–9 years old and in the intensive phase of therapy. Children with malnutrition during antituberculosis therapy are suggested to have a periodic liver function test monitoring to prevent the development of ADIH.

Congenital Heart Disease Characteristics in Low Birth Weight Infants at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2010–2014 Villia Damayantie; Sri Endah Rahayuningsih; Irvan Afriandi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial disease defined as an anomaly in the macroscopic structure of the heart that may cause functional disorders. The incidence of CHD is reported higher in infants with low birth weight (LBW) than the entire population of neonates. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of CHD in infants born with LBW.Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, performed in October–November 2015. Data were obtained from medical records of inpatients infants at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung in the period of 2010–2014. The data presented were the characteristics of CHD in LBW infants.Results: Of 364 LBW infants treated in the hospital within 5 years period, 21 infants (14 girls and 7 boys) were diagnosed as CHD, with birth weight group predominantly (n18; 85.7%) in the range of 1,500–2,499 gr. Non-cyanosis CHD was prevalent in 95.2% (n20),and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)was found in 76.1% (n16). Comorbid conditions mostly found in this study were preterm birth (n17), sepsis (n10), and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (n9).Conclusions: The most common type of CHD in low birth weight infants in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital is Patent Ductus Arteriosus. The presence of congenital heart disease should be considered in low birth weight infants, thus it is essential to perform screening for early recognition.

Low Knowledge and Negative Perception about the Risks of Breast Cancer among Female High School Students Sri Yusnita Irda Sari; Dini Desmona; Teguh Marfen Djajakusumah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women. The potential risk factor is older age, however, the prevalence at a young age is recently increased. Unfortunately, young women show a poor level of knowledge about breast cancer. This study aimed to explore the knowledge and perception among female high school students about the risks of breast cancer.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2013 in Jatinangor. One hundred and eighteen (n118) female students from three senior high schools were included in this study. Data on mother’s educational status, family income, family history of breast cancer and number of a family members living in the same house was collected. Knowledge and perception toward risks of breast cancer were assessed using a validated questionnaire.Results: Most of the students (69.5%) had a poor level of knowledge about breast cancer. Furthermore, they also had a negative perception (43.2%) toward breast cancer’s risks. Factor influencing their perception was family income (p=0.012) and knowledge about breast cancer (p=0.008).Conclusions: Young female high school students have low knowledge and negative perception about the risks of breast cancer. It is recommended that education about breast care and breast cancer should be given to high school female students to improve their knowledge and to early detect abnormality in their breast.

Profile of Nutritional Status and Nutrient Intake among Children with Cerebral Palsy in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Zahra Fitrianti; Ellyana Sungkar; Lola Ilona Hamied
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Children with Cerebral Palsy have abnormalities in the motoric function that cause feeding problems and higher energy requirements compared to normal children. These problems put the patients at risk of getting inadequate nutrient intake, leading to malnutrition and thus affecting the health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the nutritional status and nutrient intake among children with Cerebral Palsy.Methods: Children with Cerebral Palsy who came for a rehabilitation program in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung were recruited from September–October 2014. Descriptive quantitative study design was performed. Nutritional status was determined by body weight and body height or length if the children could not stand upright to calculate Z-scoreBMI-for-age and Length/Height-for-age according to WHO. Undernutrition was determined when Z-score≤ -2; stunting was designated as height below the average of their age; whereas wasting as a weight. A repeated 24 hours of food recall was used to measure nutrient intake.Results: There were 18 children with Cerebral Palsy, consisting of boys (n=7) and girls (n=11). Only 33.3% of patients had good nutritional status, the others (n12; 67.7%) were under nutrition; of whom stunting (n7) was found, followed by wasting (n3) and both stunting and wasting (n2). These under nutrition patients had predominantly a lower energy and carbohydrate intake.Conclusions: Most of the Cerebral Palsy children are in under nutrition status due to a low energy and carbohydrate intake, therefore, special attention in mother education for the food pattern of their children needs to be raised.

The Air Quality and Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Pediatric Ward of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung Thiban Raj Manoraj; Yanti Mulyana; Sri Endah Rahayuningsih
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Nosocomial infection can be acquired by inhalation of droplets from contaminated air. In children, nosocomial pneumonia is mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. This study aimed to explore the air quality level and to detect Streptococcus pneumonia in the air of the Pediatric Ward of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Methods: This was an observational descriptive study conducted in the Pediatric Ward of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital in November 2012. The different number of modified tryptic soy agar (TSA) plates with 4% blood were exposed and placed in various rooms of the ward for 30 minutes between 12.00 pm to 1.00 pm at heights between 1.0m to 1.5m and according to the respectively room air volume. After exposure, these plates were then incubated for 48 hours at 35°C. The Colony Forming Units (CFU) on each plate was counted per Replicate Organism Detection and Counting (RODACTM). Detection of Streptococcus pneumonia was performed by detecting any round α-hemolytic colonies on the TSA plate, confirmed by Gram staining, optochin susceptibility test, and the bile solubility test. Result: The air quality in 13 rooms of the Pediatric Ward was generally poor ranging from 27.5 to 232.0 CFU/30 min, however, the concentration of microorganisms per cubic meter air was from 0.198 to 4.296 CFU/m3. Moreover, Streptococcus pneumoniae was not present in the air of the ward.Conclusions: Although Streptococcus pneumoniae has not been detected, the air quality in the Pediatric Ward of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung is generally poor. General precautions need to be enhanced to increase the air quality in the hospital.

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Editorial Address Gedung Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Unpad/Pamitran Unpad (Teaching Hospital Building) Faculty of Medicine Unpad, 3rd Floor Jl. Prof. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
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Journal Mail Official
chiefeditor.amj@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Gedung Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Unpad/Pamitran Unpad (Teaching Hospital Building) Faculty of Medicine Unpad, 3rd Floor Jl. Prof. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA