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Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 0126012X     EISSN : 2338557X     DOI : 10.14421
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities,
Religion Humanities
Al-Jamiah invites scholars, researchers, and students to contribute the result of their studies and researches in the areas related to Islam, Muslim society, and other religions which covers textual and fieldwork investigation with various perspectives of law, philosophy, mysticism, history, art, theology, sociology, anthropology, political science and others.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 58, No 1 (2020)" : 6 Documents clear
The Debate of Orthodox Sufism and Philosophical Sufism: The Study of Maqāmāt in the Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn of Shaykh Iḥsān Jampes Syamsun Ni'am
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 58, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2020.581.1-34

Abstract

This article discusses the mystical view of Shaykh Iḥsān Jampes Kediri, East Java. He is known as a muslim jurist as well as a practical Sunnī Sufi of Nusantara (Indonesia), with a worldwide reputation. The main reason for his reputation originates from his monumental work Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn a voluminous commentary of al-Ghazālī work, Minhāj al-’Ābidīn, which had successfully reaffirmed orthodox Sunnī sufism that built and developed by al-Ghazālī. The sufism attitudes and ways of Shaykh Iḥsān in the journey were as if dealing with a sufi group which had philosophical pattern. Additionally, Shaykh Iḥsān Jampes in Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn reviewed the sufistic core stages which are called maqāmāt by many sufis, but Shaykh Iḥsān calls them steep road (‘aqabah) consisting of seven steep stages. These differences bring some consequences not only on the number of steps/stairs/maqām and the final destination of his mystical journey, namely gnosis and deification; but also question the limit of human being who physically cannot be united with God. On the other hand, God could have chosen to be invited to unite in accordance with His will. These seven ‘aqabah are to deliver a traveller towards ma’rifatullāh (gnosis) as the ultimate mystical journey.[Artikel ini membahas pandangan sufistik Syaykh Iḥsān Jampes Kediri Jawa Timur. Ia adalah ahli hukum Islam yang juga sebagai praktisi sufi sunni yang terkenal di nusantara kala itu. Alasan utama yang membuatnya diperhitungkan adalah karyanya Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn yang berupa komentar terhadap Minhāj al-’Ābidīn karya al-Ghazālī. Sikap dan jalan sufi Shaykh Iḥsān Jampes tampaknya bersepakat dengan pola sufistik falsafati. Dalam karyanya tersebut ia membahas tingkatan yang oleh para sufi biasa disebut maqāmāt, dimana ia sendiri menyebutnya dengan jalan terjal (‘aqabah) yang terdiri dari 7 tingkatan. Perbedaan ini tidak hanya membawa perbedaan konsekuensi jumlah tangga dan tujuan akhir (gnosis dan deification), tapi juga soal batasan kemampuan fisik manusia untuk menyatu dengan Tuhan. Di sisi lain, Tuhan dapat juga mengundang untuk bersatu berdasarkan kehendakNya. Tujuh tingkatan ‘aqabah inilah yang akan membawa para musafir menuju ma’rifatullāh sebagai puncak perjalanan spiritual.]
Saudi Arabia Charity and the Institutionalization of Indonesian Salafism Jajang Jahroni
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 58, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2020.581.35-62

Abstract

[This article primarily discusses the links between Saudi Arabian Islamic charity organizations and the development of Salafism in Indonesia and how these links facilitate the institutionalization of Salafi groups. It specifically deals with the issues of how Islamic charity help Salafi groups create their institutions and how the Salafis distribute these charities to their own members. It also describes how they managed to survive when the flow of Saudi funds was no longer reliable. The primary focus of this article is on the way Islamic charity and Islamic charity organizations respond to existing social and political conditions by engaging in social and political activism. International Islamic charity organizations have shaped the transformation of Islamic movements over the last decades. Indonesian Salafi groups have benefitted from charities in various ways and they have enabled Salafi groups to create their institutions in Indonesia. It is no exaggeration to say that Indonesian Salafi groups have become the major players in the distribution of Saudi Arabian charities in the country. This process is inescapably linked with politics which further shapes the transformation of Salafism in Indonesia.[Pembahasan utama artikel ini adalah menjelaskan keterhubungan antara lembaga amal Arab Saudi dengan perkembangan kelompok Salafi di Indonesia dan bagaimana hubungan ini memfasilitasi penguatan organisasi kelompok tersebut. Lebih khususnya adalah bagaimana lembaga amal Islam tersebut membantu mendirikan yayasan serta membagi dana tersebut kepada anggota-anggotanya. Selain itu juga menjelaskan bagaimana yayasan yang terbentuk itu bertahan ketika tidak lagi menerima sumbangan dari Arab Saudi. Intinya adalah tulisan ini menjelaskan cara kerja filantropi Islam dan organisasi amalnya merespon kondisi sosial dan politik dengan terlibat dalam aktifisme. Organisasi filantropi Islam internasional pada dasarnya telah membawa transformasi gerakan Islam lebih dari satu dekade terakhir. Kelompok Salafi Indonesia dengan berbagai cara telah mengambil keuntungan dari dana amal ini dan untuk menguatkan organisasi mereka di Indonesia. Tidak berlebihan jika disebut bahwa kelompok Salafi merupakan pemain utama dalam distribusi dana amal ini di Indonesia. Proses ini merupakan hal yang tak bisa dihindarkan dari kaitan politik dimana telah banyak berpengaruh pada trasnformasi Salafisme di Indonesia.]
Reestablishing Indonesian Madhhab: ‘Urf and the Contribution of Intellectualism Agus Moh Najib
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 58, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2020.581.171-208

Abstract

The notion of Indonesian madhhab (school of Islamic law) is usually considered to have stopped with Hasbi and Hazairin. On the contrary, The notion of  Indonesian madhhab has continued to grow and develop. Even though it has a variety of styles and trends, all of the notions of Indonesian madhhab have the same characteristics that are both contextual and formal. In addition to trying to formulate Islamic law in accordance with the context of Indonesian society, it also seeks to apply the results into statutory regulationswith formal applications. With such characteristics, the Indonesian madhhab places ‘urf (customs and community context) in a very important position as the main consideration in establishing Islamic law. Methodologically, to produce Islamic law in accordance with the Indonesian context, the Qur`anic text and the Hadith of the Prophet dialogue with Indonesian ‘urf. By using a historical approach to Islamic legal thinking, this article discusses the development of the ‘urf concept as put forward by the thinkers of Indonesian madhhab, since its emergence until now, and then discusses the influence of the notion of Indonesian madhhab regarding ‘urf in the legal products related to Islamic law in Indonesia. Following that scheme, this study found that the notion of Indonesian madhhab continues to develop along with the development of scholarly thinking about ‘urf from its thinkers.[Pemikiran tentang mazhab Indonesia biasanya dianggap telah berhenti sampai Hasbi dan Hazairin. Namun sebenarnya, pemikiran mazhab Indonesia tersebut terus mengalami perkembangan sampai dengan sekarang. Walaupun memiliki berbagai macam corak dan kecenderungan, namun semua pemikiran mazhab Indonesia tersebut memiliki karakteristik yang sama, yaitu bersifat kontekstual dan formal. Pemikiran mazhab Indonesia disamping berupaya memformulasikan hukum Islam sesuai dengan konteks masyarakat Indonesia, juga berusaha untuk menjadikan hasil formulasinya tersebut sebagai aturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku secara formal. Dengan karakteristiknya yang semacam itu, mazhab Indonesia menempatkan ‘urf (adat dan konteks masyarakat) pada posisi yang sangat penting sebagai dasar pertimbangan utama dalam penetapan hukum Islam. Secara metodologis, untuk menghasilkan hukum Islam yang sesuai dengan konteks Indonesia, dalam pemikiran mazhab Indonesia, teks Qur`an dan Hadis Nabi didialogkan dengan ‘urf Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah terhadap pemikiran hukum Islam, artikel ini membahas perkembangan konsep ‘urf yang dikemukakan oleh para pemikir mazhab Indonesia, sejak mulai dicetuskannya hingga saat ini, kemudian dibahas juga pengaruh dari pemikiran mazhab Indonesia tentang ‘urf tersebut dalam produk aturan perundang-undangan yang terkait dengan hukum Islam di Indonesia. Dengan kajian tersebut, artikel ini menemukan bahwa pemikiran mazhab Indonesia terus berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan pemikiran tentang ‘urf dari para tokohnya.]
Gender Glass Ceiling in Indonesia: Manifestation, Roots, and Theological Breakthrough Siti Ruhaini Dzuhayatin
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 58, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2020.581.209-240

Abstract

The Struggle for achieving gender equality has been undertaken in the international and national levels through the commitment of the United Nation (UN) on 30% women quota in politics and public positions. In reality, women are far lag behind due to the so-called ‘gender glass ceiling, a metaphor of ‘invisible barriers refer to ‘glass’ through which women can see higher positions but cannot reach them which is insinuated with ‘ceiling’. The root-causes are deeply rooted in cultural values and social practices whereby patriarchy and religion are dialectically amalgamated. Unless there is a theological breakthrough to a women-friendly interpretations, glass ceiling is unbreakable. This paper aims at examining the extend to which Islamic sholars, especially women in Islamic higher education in Indonesia, contribute to dismatling patriachal biases from religious traditions upholding the glass-ceiling. Before observing the initiatives taken to break the glass ceiling, the paper discusses the phenomenon of manifestation of the existence of the gender glass ceiling and the roots of why the ceiling has been so far upheld. The study reveals that there is a positive correlation between the rising theological discourses voiced by women religious scholars and the vertical mobility of women in public positions as the pathway by then the gender glass ceiling is broken. [Perjuangan kesetaraan gender dilakukan di tingkat internasional maupun nasional dengan komitmen Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa tentang kuota 30% bagi perempuan dalam politik dan publik. Pada kenyatannya, perempuan masih tertinggal jauh karena rintangan yang disebut ‘atap kaca’, suatu perumpamaan hambatan yang tidak seperti kaca, perempuan dapat melihat posisi lebih tinggi tetapi sulit menembusnya. Akar masalahnya ada pada nilai budaya dan praktik sosial dan teologi berkelindan. Tanpa ada terobosan teologis yang ramah perempuan, fenomena ‘atap kaca’ sulit dipecahkan. Studi ini menganalisis sejauh manakah kontribusi para intelektual Islam, terutama perempuan di perguruan tinggi Islam di Indonesia mampu menggeser bias dalam tradisi agama yang menguatkan ‘atap kaca’. Sebelum mengkaji upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk menggeser atau meruntuhkan atap kaca bias jender, tulisan ini mendiskusikan terlebih dahulu bentuk-bentuk manifestasi keberadaan atau berdirinya atap kaca bias jender dan akar atap tersebut. Dalam studi ini ditemukan korelasi positif antara meningkatnya diskursus teologis yang disuarakan perempuan dan meningkatnya mobilitas vertikal perempuan pada posisi publik yang diharapkan dapat memecahkan atap kaca gender tersebut.]
Part One: Debunking Prevailing Scholarly Views Pertaining to the Apostasy of Alleged Descendants of Shaykh Yusuf of Makassar Najma Moosa
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 58, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2020.581.103-170

Abstract

This article focuses on the controversial issue of apostasy pertaining to the alleged family of Shaykh Yusuf of Makassar, the Indonesian pioneer of Islam in colonial South Africa, after his demise at the Cape in the late 17th century during a period of Dutch occupation of both countries. It is reported in local and international historical and scholarly sources that the second generation grandchildren of this political exile and learned Islamic scholar converted from Islam to Christianity at the Cape and thereafter entered into marriages with Christian spouses. Their mother is alleged to have been the Shaykh’s daughter, Zytie Sara Marouff (alias Care Sale), and their father, the Rajah or King of Tambora (alias Abulbasi Sultan), a fellow exiled countryman. The marriage between the Rajah and Zytie is alleged to have taken place shortly after his arrival at the Cape in 1698 but before the death of Shaykh Yusuf in 1699. The conversions are recorded to have taken place within two decades of the Shaykh’s death and shortly after the death of their father, the Rajah, in 1719; both averted death sentences but died during exile at the Cape. The main aim of this article is to critically analyse these sources, which contain both conflicting information, and whose authors express ambivalent views, in an attempt to unravel the mystery surrounding their conversion and the marriage of their parents. Although some local Muslim religious authorities (ulama) at the Cape are aware of these conversions, many are not. In fact, these conversions were overlooked in a publication on the very topic. Local Muslims have therefore not been fully apprised by them of this aspect of their history because the topic is understandably also a sensitive one. The aim of this article is therefore not to dispute these facts or even that these conversions may have been a voluntary exercise and a consequence of freedom of choice. Although an analysis of some of the policies of the then Dutch colonial government which were enforced at the Cape (for example, those pertaining to interracial and interreligious marriages amidst limited religious freedom) are referred to, this article highlights that socio-economic reasons (poverty) and practical expediency (marriage) may indeed have precipitated such conversions. A detailed critical analysis, including of the Islamic law (Shari’a) pertaining to freedom of religion and apostasy, is unfortunately beyond the scope of this article due to space constraints. [Artikel ini membahas kontroversi pindah agama pada keluarga Syekh Yusus Makassar selepas diasingkan di Afrika Selatan pada masa kolonial Belanda akhir abad 17. Menurut sumber lokal dan tulisan sarjana internasional menyatakan bahwa generasi kedua keturunan Syekh Yusuf telah memeluk Kristen serta menikah dengan pasangan Kristen. Cucu yang dimaksud adalah anak dari putri Syekh Yusuf, Zytie Sara Marouff, yang menikah dengan Raja Tambora yang juga ikut dalam pengasingan di Cape Town. Pernikahan itu diperkirakan terjadi setelah rombongan tiba di Cape Town tahun 1698 dan sebelum wafatnya Syekh Yusuf tahun 1699. Sedangkan konversi agama yang terjadi sekitar dua dekade setelah wafatnya Syekh Yusuf dan selepas wafat ayah mereka Raja Tambora tahun 1719. Fokus utama artikel ini adalah mengkritisi sumber-sumber informasi yang bertentangan dan pandangan-pandangan para penulis yang ambivalen dalam rangka memperjelas misteri mengenai konversi dan pernikahan kedua orang tua mereka. Walaupun ulama lokal di Cape Town menyadari tentang konversi tersebut, namun sebagian besar tidak memperdulikannya. Sayangnya konversi ini dilihat berlebihan dalam berbagai tulisan. Lagipula penduduk muslim setempat tidak menjelaskan informasi hal ini pada catatan sejarah mereka karena dipahami sebagai hal yang sensitif. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini tidak bermaksud untuk memperdebatkan atau bahkan menguji fakta mengenai konversi agama yang memang bagian dari hak kebebasan beragama. Walaupun artikel membahas pelaksanaan kebijakan kolonial Belanda (misal pembatasan pernikahan antar ras dan antar agama ditengah pembatasan kebebasan beragama), artikel ini juga membahas sekilas soal kemiskinan dan praktik kebijaksanaan pernikahan dalam mengendapkan persoalan konversi. Namun karena keterbatasan halaman maka artikel ini tidak membahas persoalan hukum Islam mengenai kebebasan beragama dan pindah agama.]
The Intersubjective Type of Religiosity: Theoretical Framework and Methodological Construction for Developing Human Sciences in a Progressive Muslim Perspective Muhammad Amin Abdullah
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 58, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2020.581.63-102

Abstract

An everlasting and perpetual peace in the life of different religious adherents anywhere is the prime purpose of human beings. This article will discuss the methods and approaches of religious education in a contemporary multicultural society. Three approaches to the study of religion: dogmatic, critical, and ethical will be elaborated simultaneously. One cannot rely solely on one approach and neglects the two others without having their implications and consequences in the life of multi-religious society. In addition to the religious and Islamic studies perspectives, I will elaborate the issues based on philosophical concepts, i.e. subjective, objective, and intersubjective, as well. The subjective perspective is commonly based on ‘ulūm al-din, meanwhile the objective one is on social sciences. The combination between the two is called, in this paper, as an intersubjective pattern of religiosity. One of its distinctive features is its sensitivity towards and its ability to accommodate the presence of other communities whose rights are respected and guaranteed.[Kedamaian yang kekal dan abadi bagi semua pemeluk agama yang berbeda di berbagai aspek kehidupannya merupakan tujuan utama dari kemanusiaan. Artikel ini membahas beberapa metode dan pendekatan pendidikan agama pada masyarakat multikultural dewasa ini. Tiga pendekatan dalam pengkajian agama yang dogmatis, kritis dan etis akan dielaborasi secara simultan. Satu pendekatan tidak bisa berdiri sendiri dan menegasikan dua yang lain karena implikasinya dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang multireligius. Selain dalam perspektif keagamaan dan keislaman, artikel ini akan mengelaborasi persoalan di atas dengan pendekatan filosofis: subjektif, objektif, dan intersubjektif. Pendekatan subjektif umumnya didasarkan pada ulūm ad-dīn, sedangkan pendekatan objektif didasarkan pada ilmu-ilmu sosial. Perpaduan antara keduanya, dalam artikel ini, disebut dengan pola keagamaan yang intersubjektif. Salah satu kekhasan pola yang disebut terakhir ini adalah sensitifitasnya terhadap kehadiran kelompok lain dan kemampuannya mengakomodasi kelompok lain tersebut sebagai pemegang hak-hak yang harus pula dijamin dan dihormati.]

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