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Articles 16 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 4 (2014)" : 16 Documents clear

Xanthone Content in Mangosteen Fruit Juice (Garcinia mangostana L.) and Inhibitory Effect of Mangosteen Fruit Juice on Enzyme Activity (alpha) -Glukosidase Maris Kurniawati; Chanif Mahdi; Aulanni’am Aulanni'am
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Glucosidase effects. This study aims to determine the effects of mangosteen rind juice inhibition against α-glucosidase enzyme activity and determine the levels of xanton in mangosteen rind juice. Measuring the level of xanton in mangosteen rind juice using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Enzyme inhibition assay against α-glucosidase activity performed in vitro. The research showed that Mangosteen rind juice samples had a retention time of 8.507 and xanton concentration in each mL juice mangosteen rind of 4.238 μg/mL or 385.272 μg/g juice mangosteen rind. The results showed that xanton in mangosteen rind juice can inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase enzyme. Based on the calculation of percent inhibition mangosteen rind juice against α-glucosidase enzyme activity by 64.71 %.

Determination of Polystyrene Layer Thickness and Zinc Phthalocyanine (Znpc) with Modified Sauerbrey Equations and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Lalu A Didik; Eka Rahmawati; Fadli Robiandi; Susi Rahayu; Abdurrouf Abdurrouf; Djoko H. Santjojo; Setyawan P. Sakti; Masruroh Masruroh
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

The thickness measurement of PS thin films on QCM surface and ZnPc layer on QCM/PS using Sauerbrey equation and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) has been investigated. Calculation result using a modified Sauerbrey equation show the thickness of PS layer and ZnPc one are 0,45 μm and 0,0676 μm respectively. Additionally the thickness measurement by using SEM shows the thickness of PS layer is 5,33 μm and the thickness of ZnPc layer is 10,44 μm. The differences thickness between Sauerbrey equation and SEM topograph is due to layers porosity. The topography of thin films produced by the secondary electron beam scanning allows to get a magnification of SEM image so that it can be measured directly. While the thickness calculation using the Sauerbrey equation is based on the change in the resonance frequency of QCM.

Banana Fiber Composite (SBP) - Epoxy As A Sound Absorbent Material Khusnul Khotimah; Susilawati Susilawati; Harry Soeprianto
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

This research conducted to find the physical properties of the absorption of sound from banana stem fiber (Serat Batang Pisang / SBP) with epoxy matrix. The sound absorbent material made with a variety of different volume fraction composition. The comparison between the SBP and the volume fraction of the matrix is made of 30%: 70%, 40%: 60% and 50%: 50%. The method of research was done in three stages: making banana stem fiber, manufacturing composite and testing of composite SBP. Composite testing include physical properties (sound absorption). Preparation of the samples started by taking a banana stem, decomposition banana stem fiber, alkali treatment with NaOH 4%, then mixing the SBP with the epoxy matrix. Manufactured the composites by press the materials on the molding for 12 hours, then tested to find physical properties. Sound absorption test performed using a signal generator and a sound level meter with the principle of the impedance tube method through acoustic box approach as a reference. The results of the study showed that SBP with epoxy composites absorb up to 30% noise at 30% fiber volume fraction. Thus, SBP composites can absorb sound for low (f= 400 Hz) and medium frequency (f = 1000 Hz), based on the standard ISO 11654:1997 (E) where the minimum of sound absorption coefficient of acoustic materials is α = 0.15.

Effects of Polystyrene Solvent Difference on Morphology of Polystyrene Layers and Viscoelastic Properties of QCM Biosensors Susi Rahayu; Masruroh Masruroh; Djoko H Santjojo; Eka Rahmawati; Lalu A. Didik; Fadli Robiandi; Setyawan P Sakti
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

In this research, a modified QCM surface was done to improve the performance of QCM biosensors. This modification is done by coating polystyrene (Ps) on a QCM with toluena and chloroform solvents. The polystyrene coating was performed using spin coating technique, the measurement of surface roughness values using non-contact topography measurement system TMS 1200, and the viscoelastic properties was analyzed by using an electrical impedance. The analysis result using TMS 1200 shows morphologies of polystyrene produced with chloroform solvent have groovier and more porous compared to the toluena solvent. The roughness values of Ps surface with choroform and toluena is about 616.52 nm and 578.9 nm, respectively. The different surface roughness both of the solvent is caused by vapor pressure of each solvent. The vapor pressure value of chlorofrom solvent is 0.26 atm and toluena solvent of 0.037 atm. Moreover, using Sauerbrey equation is found mass of deposited ps produced with chloroform solvent is more than the toluena solvent. The mass of the polystyrene deposited on the surface of QCM with chloroform resulted about 2.23 × 10-5 ± 7.59 × 10-7 g and with toluena of 1.16 × 10-5 ±9.23 × 10-8 g. Furthermore, viscoelastic test show both polystirene layer are still rigid and have approximately 12.23 Ω impedance value. Therefore, the different solvents affect the surface morphologies of Ps.

Effects of Gamma Radiation Exposure and Giving of Green Bean Sprout Extract (Phaseoulus radiatus) to Gonad Animal Fertility Rate of Mice Feris Kamlasi; Unggul P. Juswono
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Gamma rays is an ionizing radiation that can causes infertilities.Cell defense mechanism against free radicals are involving active compound called antioxidant. Goal of this research is aim to analyze the influence of gamma radiation and review the influence of green beansprout extract (Phaseoulus radiatus) in gonad fertility rate with threevariables there are motility, viability and abnormality of spermatozoa. Male mice divided into three groups, control (K), non-extract radiation (RNE), and radiation plus extract (R+E).Mice was treated orally by green bean sprout extract with several dose 0.2 mL kg-1 body weight, 0.4 mL kg-1 body weight, 0.6 mL kg-1 body weight, 0.8 mL kg-1 body weight, and 1.0 mL kg-1 body weight. Radiation was given by fractionation starting from 100 rad, 150 rad, 200 rad, 250 rad, and 300 rad.The result shows that increasing radiation dose can reducing gonad fertility rate and treatment of Phaseoulus radiatus extract can suppress this reduction and preserve gonad fertility rate.

The Effect of Exposure to Gamma Radiation And Giving Extracts Of White Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad) Part of Kidney Health In Animal Trying Mice Pujianti B. Donuata; Muhaimin Rifa'i; Unggul P. Juswono
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Cancer is a worldwide problem. People take medication in late stadium therefore radioteraphy plays important role in healing cancer. Side effect of cancer therapy such as cancers of urethra, colon, stomach or rectum may have bad influence for kidney which causes the decrease kidney function. Goal of this research is to understand the influence of gamma radiation on urine and kidney tubules necrosis. Mice assigned into two groups, which are extract and non-extract radiation groups. Each group has five variations of radiation doses, including 200rad, 250rad, 300rad, 350rad, and 400rad. White part extract of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad) also used with five variations including 0.3mL, 0.6mL, 0.9mL and 1.2mL. Non-extract radiation group was only exposed to radiation without treatment with white part extract of watermelon. Profile of kidney health can be seen from the percentage of epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte after mice were put into metabolism cage for 24hours and percentage of kidney tubules necrosis observed under Microscope BX-51 and analyzed with Ms.Excel. Result of research concludes that gamma radiation increase epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte in urine, and kidney tubules necrosis. White part extract of watermelon can improve kidney health by reducing the percentage of epithelium, erythrocyte leukocyte and kidney tubules necrosis of mouse.

Modeling Carrying Capability of Agricultural Land with Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) in Batu City Meilinda Trisilia; Henny Pramoedyo; Suci Astutik
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Increasing population growth can lead to the availability of agricultural land becomes smaller, it causes an imbalance of farmers population in a region with an area of agricultural land there, so the population pressure on agricultural land will be greater so that the region no longer can meet the needs of food population. If this happends continue then it is not impossible that the production has not proportional to the needs of existing population, and resulted in the carrying capacity of agricultural land will be smaller. So the analysis of the carrying capacity of agricultural land needs to be done to determine the ability of the land to provide food for the population needs in a given area. Carrying capacity of agricultural land is a function of several spatial variables may give effect in spatial linkages. The model can explain the relationship between variables that have a spatial relationship is called spatial regression models. One of the effective spatial regression models to estimate the effects of data that has a spatial dependency in the response variable is Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model. Agricultural land supporting food is a phenomenon of spatial autocorrelation. Based on observations made at the carrying capacity of agricultural land for food in every village in Batu City, information obtained that there is significant effects of the percentage of farmers (X1), the land area for a decent life (X2), and the amount of food crops (X3) and the coefficient dependencies on lag (ρ) to the carrying capacity of farmland food (Y).

Development of Spectrophotometric Methods for Iodide Determination Using Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) as Oxidizing Abner Tonu Lema; Hermin Sulistyarti; Atikah Atikah
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Serious disorders of iodine deficiency can cause irreversible cretinism, pregnancy complications, goiter, compromised thyroid hormone production, mental impairment and decreasing cognitive function. In order to detect early indication of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) a development of simple spectrophotometric method for iodide determination is proposed using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an oxidizing agent. Determination of iodide is based on the oxidation reaction of I- to I2 that form blue complex compound I2-starch. The blue color intensity of the complex I2-starch produced was measured at wavelength of 611 nm. Several parameters were optimized: complex formation and oxidation time of iodide, the optimum concentration of oxidizing agent, H2SO4, starch and effect of interfering ions (chloride, bromide, thiocyanate), with optimum conditions obtained of respectively: 10 minute, H2O2 0.1 M, H2SO4 0.05 M, starch 0.2 %. Under these condition, the method showed linearity of 5 - 60 ppm, limit of detection and quantification of 0.62 and 2.09 mg/L, respectively. This method has been successfully applied to synthetic and urine samples and can be recommended for the detection of iodide in patients hyperthyroidism and KI tablets.

Subsurface Mapping of Ground Water using Schlumberger Configuration in Upstream of Brantas River, Batu area, East Java, Indonesia Adi Susilo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

A Resistivity sounding survey of groundwater was performed around the upstream of Brantas river, Batu area, East Java, Indonesia. The goal of this study is to identify the water resources. In order to determine the aquifer thickness and the ground water flow, it was done a mapping in the 6-spring water area, as a representative of 108 spring water in the study area. Acquisitions are taken by six lines using Schlumberger configuration around the spring water at length of measurement line about 400 m with electrode spacing 10 m. Data processing and interpretation were using IP2WIN, Progress 3, and Rockwork 15, which allowed in 1D and 3D scheme to present the distribution of real resistivity below the surface. Interpretation of the results indicate the presence of a layer of rock that is formed due to volcanic activity. The rock structure is composed of volcanic rock breccia, tuff breccia, sandy tuff, tuff and lava. Rocks of volcanic breccia, tuff breccia, tuff and lava have small porosity due to having a small grain size and smooth, and have the low permeability, so it is not able to store and drain water. This rock layer is expected to function as an impermeable layer and can further serve to hold water that can seep into the ground below, so that the ground water will flow horizontally. While sandstone has a great porosity because it has a rounded rock grains with large permeability, so as to save water and running it in a number of significant.

Effect of Deposition Rate on Morphology of Zinc Phthalocyanine Layer (ZnPc) on Polystyrene Surface / QCM with Vacuum Evaporation Process Fadli Robiandi; Lalu A Didik; Eka Rahmawati; Susi Rahayu; Masruroh Masruroh; Setyawan P. Sakti; Djoko H Santjojo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Deposition of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) layer on top polistiren surface by vacuum evaporation method has been investigated. PS layer was coated on QCM surface by spin coater and ZnPc layer was deposited on its surface by vacuum evaporator with three variation of deposition rate, i.e 1.39 ´ 10-4, 8.08 ´ 10-2 dan 7,41 ´ 10-1 μm/s. The morphology and surface roughness of ZnPc layer was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and non-contact topography measurement system TMS-1200 TopMap. SEM image of ZnPc layer with deposition rate of 1.39 ´ 10-4, 8.08 ´ 10-2 and 7.41 ´ 10-1 μm/s shows porous and fibre like structure. The size of pores and fibre structures of ZnPc layer that produced by deposition rates of 1.39 x10-4 and 8.08 x10-2 μm/s is smaller than size of pores and fibre that produced by 7.41 ´ 10-1 μm/s. Moreover, increasing the deposition rate result a lot of ZnPc molecules make a bonding as fibrous result in the volume of fibrous increasing. Moreover, the increasing fibre size result pores volume increase. Therefore deposition rate can affect surface roughness, and roughness value is proportional to morphology of ZnPc layer. Based on result of TMS-1200 TopMap, the highest roughness level is 1310 nm, it’s found on the ZnPc layer that produced by deposition rate of 7,41 ´ 10-1 μm/s.

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