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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)" : 12 Documents clear
Kinetic Parameters Analysis of Liver and Kidney Catalase Under The Influence of Cadmium and Mercury In Vitro Ellsa Anggun Karantika; Supianur Supianur; Edyson Edyson; Eko Suhartono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.01

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) are toxic metals that affect human organs function, including liver and kidney. This toxic activity is because the heavy metal could induce oxidative stress and interfere antioxidant activities, including catalase (CAT). The present study was aims to evaluate the effect of Cd and Hg to liver and kidney CAT kinetic parameters in vitro. In this experiment, liver and kidney were taken from male rats (Rattus novergicus). Sample the homogenized and divided into three groups with; T0 served as control which contains liver or kidney homogenate + H2O2, T1 which contains liver or kidney homogenate + H2O2 + 0.03 mg/L CdSO4; and T2 which contains liver or kidney homogenate + H2O2 + 1 mg/L Hg. Solutions then incubated at 37ºC for 1 hour and then was prepared for CAT activity measurement. The CAT activity was measured using spectrophotometer at 240 nm. For measuring the kinetic parameters, different concentration of H2O2 were used. The kinetics parameters (Km and Vmax) were calculated using Lineweaver-Burk plot. The results shows that Cd and Hg could decrease the affinity of CAT-H2O2 complex which expressed by the higher Km and Vmax values. Also from the results, Cd has better activity to decreased the affinity of CAT-H2O2 complex than Hg. From this results, it can be concluded that Cd and Hg treatments could inhibit CAT activity in liver and kidney in vitro.
Botanical Exploration and Crater Vegetation Survey of Mt. Galunggung, West Java Musyarofah Zuhri; Harry Wiriadinata; Ratna Suti Astuti; Supan Hadiwaluyo; Syamsudin Syamsudin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.02

Abstract

Botanical exploration at Mt. Galunggung protected forest, West Java was conducted in June 2014. This study was aimed to collect plant living specimen for ex-situ conservation purpose of Kuningan Botanic Garden and to conduct vegetation analysis in crater area. Random inventory method at 600-1200 m asl was used to collect plant in that area. Vegetation analysis of tree, shrub and herb were used line transect methods. Result showed that 273 collection numbers of plant living species were collected from Mt. Galunggung, which consisted of 213 species, 143 genus and 72 families. Plant families which most collected were Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Arecaceae and Lauraceae respectively. In crater area was collected a lot of pioneer plant, such as dawola (Trema cannabina Lour.), paku tiang (Cyathea spp.), nangsi (Villebrunea rubescens (Blume) Blume), muncang cina (Ostodes paniculata Blume), mara (Macaranga tanarius (L.) Mull.Arg.), and kareumbi (Homalanthus populneus (Geiseler) Pax). Furthermore, in secondary remnant forest were collected typical plants of Java mountains such as saninten (Castanopsis argentea (Blume) A.DC., puspa (Schima wallichii Choisy) and some of tree seedlings from Lauraceae family. Vegetation affected by eruption in Mt. Galunggung is in early stage of forest succession and still develops to next stage of succession. Tree, shrub and herb in the crater area were dominated by Cyathea contaminans (Wall. Ex Hook.) Copel., Calliandra callothyrsus Meisn. and Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M.King & H.Rob. with H’ was 0.35, 0.31 and 0.30 respectively.
Social Conflicts Between Oil-Palm Plantation Company and Indigenous People in Jambi Province Dewi Nilakrisna; Ridha Taqwa; Sriati Sriati; Dadang Hikmah Purnama; Robiyanto Hendro Susanto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.09

Abstract

The oil-palm plantation development policy meant to increase the economic growth and to provide jobs opportu nities in rural area. The development policy that participate the private sectors creates many social conflict in Indonesia, especially against the indigenous people community. The purpose of this research is to fid out, how the oil-palm plantation development policies implemented and the impact to the indigenous people community in Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province. This qualitative research used case study approach and qualitative data anal ysis based on extended text. Obtaining data through direct observation, in-depth interview, structured interview, and literature studies.The study results showed that the implementation of the large scale oil-palm plantation development policy, has caused approximately 1/3 area of Batang Hari Regency was controlled by the private companies and give negative impacts to almost 3.000 peoples of SAD Batin 9 community. They have been evicted, marginalized and face the uncertainty rights to the land. The implementation of oil palm plantation development policy without take a no tice to the existing social environmental condition has deny the indigenous people existence. It has stimulated some contradiction to the injustice government policy. Therefore this research recommends the government to consider about the social and environmental impacts before issued any policy in order to protect the social justice for all citizens.
PCR-RFLP and Sequencing of trnS/trnfM Fragment of Enhalus acoriodes from Sanur Coastal Waters, Bali, Indonesia: A Preliminary Study Made Pharmawati; Eka Fibayani Imaniar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.10

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the resolution of PCR-RFLP and sequencing of trnS/trnfM in detecting genetic diversity of seagrass Enhalus acoroides at Sanur Beach, Sindhu Beach and Semawang Beach. This research used six samples E. acoroides from each location. DNA extraction method followed Doyle and Doyle. PCR amplifications were done using primers P672/P673, P674/P675 and ITS4/ITS5 followed by digestion using restriction enzymes EcoRI, PstI, HindIII, BamHI, Rsa, Mva and HinfI. Sequencing analysis used PCR products of primers trnS/trnfM. Testing of DNA sequences of E. acoroides were conducted using BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool). DNA sequences were further analyzed using MEGA 5.2 software (Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis) to evaluate variations of DNA. The sequence alignments were done using ClustalW software to determine the homology between the DNA sequences. The results showed that 18 samples of E. acoroides from Sanur, Sindhu and Semawang Beach have no polymorphism based on restriction enzyme analyses. Furthermore, sequencing of trnS/trnfM region of 18 samples E. acoroides showed that the sequences were identical.   
Characterization of lipid productivity and fatty acid profile of three fast-growing microalgae isolated from Bengkulu for possible use in health application Swastika Praharyawan; Delicia Yunita Rahman; Dwi Susilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.03

Abstract

Three strains of fast-growing microalgae were investigated in this study for their potential of lipid production and its possible use in health application. Lipid content, lipid productivity, and fatty acids profile of the 3 mi-croalgae strains were also analyzed. The strain of LBB13-2-AL045 and LBB13-2-AL048 possessed highest lipid content (49.08 ± 0.25%) and lipid productivity (40.27 ± 1.91 mg.L-1.day-1), respectively, among the other tested strains. The fatty acids profile from the 3 strains exhibited its possible use in health application. The two strains of LBB13-2-AL046 and LBB13-2-AL048 possessed high valuable fatty acids of polyunsaturated fatty ac-ids (PUFA) omega-3 and omega-6, whereas LBB13-2- AL045 possessed balance ratio of saturated fatty acid (SFA) : monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) : PUFA (1 : 1.3 : 1) as is recommended by American Heart As-sociation (AHA) (1 : 1.4 : 0.8). The high content of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids indicated that the algal lipids of two strains (LBB13-2-AL046 and LBB13-2-AL048) were potential to be applied in cardiovascular health. The balance ratio of SFA : MUFA: PUFA as is recommended by AHA indicated that the algal oil of LBB13-2-AL045 strain was recommended in order to generate the best LDL/HDL ratio.
Bioactivity of Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus Linnaeus) Essential Oils against Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Dewi Melani; Toto Himawan; Aminudin Afandhi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.04

Abstract

The study aims to determine the chemical compounds, toxicity, and antifeedant activity of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) essential oils against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura. The study was conducted using a com-pletely randomized design (CRD) using various concentration of the essential oils (103, 2 × 103, 3 × 103, 4 × 103, 5 × 103 ppm). Mortality and antifeedant activity was observed 24 hours after treatment.  Toxicity and anti-feedant activity values were 92.5% and 79.3%, respectively, with an LC50 value 586.96 ppm. Gas chromatog-raphy-mass spectrometry analysis showed that essential oil of A. calamus consists of five chemical compounds: methyl isoeugenol, 3.9-decadien-ol-1,3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl), 4-pentyl-1-(4propylcyclohexyl)1cyclohexene, γ-asarone and β asarone. Keywords:  Acorus calamus, essential oils, mortality,  antifeedant,  Spodoptera lituraThe study aims to determine the chemical compounds, toxicity, and antifeedant activity of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) essential oils against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) using various concentration of the essential oils (103, 2 × 103, 3 × 103, 4 × 103, 5 × 103 ppm). Mortality and antifeedant activity was observed 24 hours after treatment.  Toxicity and antifeedant activity values were 92.5% and 79.3%, respectively, with an LC50 value 586.96 ppm. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that essential oil of A. calamus consists of five chemical compounds: methyl isoeugenol, 3.9-decadien-ol-1,3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl), 4-pentyl-1-(4propylcyclohexyl)1cyclohexene, γ-asarone and β asarone.
Effects of Compost on Nematode Pratylenchus sp. (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) Population in Patchouli Cecep Subarjah; Toto Himawan; Retno Dyah Puspitarini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.07

Abstract

Patchouli is seen as one of the most important export commodities in Indonesia. The presence of parasitic nematode Pratylenchus sp. creates a barrier to plant cultivation. Increasing organic content in soil by applying compost in the plantation is one of approaches in controlling the nematode. This research was mainly aimed to study the effects of compost fertilization on the population growth of nematode Pratylenchus sp. and yields on patchouli. These research used a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) consisting of 12 treatments with three replicates. Selected plant was inoculated with nematodes with the following initial population: 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 nematodes in soil with and without compost. The plant with no inoculation was used as control. The result of the research confirmed that the addition of compost was capable of suppressing the population of nematode Pratylenchus sp. as much as 58.93 - 67.31% and 40.74 - 59.19% in root and in soil of each treatment, respectively. Compost applied in each treatment positively affected the increasing amount of Patchouli oil yielded, and it could also reduce the loss as much as 18.34 - 43.36%. Trichoderma sp. was found to be dominant in compost in the treatment with its population of 2.1 × 104 propogul/g.
Litter Decomposition Rate of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora apiculata in Pulau Dua Nature Reserve, Banten Febriana Siska; Sulistijorini Sulistijorini; Cecep Kusmana
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Litter decomposition rate is useful method to determine forest fertility level. The aims of this study were to measure decomposition rate, and analyze the nutrient content released organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphor from Avicennia marina and Rhizophora apiculata litters during the decomposition process. The research was conducted in the Pulau Dua Nature Reserve, Serang-Banten on A. marina and R. apiculata forest communities. Litter decomposition rate measurements performed in the field. Litter that has been obtained with the trap system is inserted into litter bag and than tied to the roots or trees to avoid drifting sea water. Litter decomposition rate was measured every 15 days and is accompanied by analysis of the content of organic C , total N and P. Our research results showed decomposition rate of A. marina (k= 0.83) was higher than that of R. apiculata (k= 0.41). Differences of  leaf anatomical structure and sea water salinity  influenced to the rate of litter decomposition. Organic C released was declined with longer of litter decomposition, on the contrary of releasing N and P nutrients.
Diversity of Macroalgae in Kasiak Gadang Island Nirwana Beach, Padang - West Sumatra, Indonesia Faisal Hadi; Indra Junaidi Zakaria; Zuhri Syam
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.06

Abstract

This study had been conducted in October – November 2014. This study aims to know about the diversity of macroalgae in Kasiak Gadang Island, Nirwana Beach, Padang, West Sumatra Indonesia. The method used in this research is line and belt transect. The result of this study is five species of macroalgae founded on this island. There are Padine minor, Sargassum crassifolium, Sargassum cristaefolium, Turbinaria decurrens, and Halimeda sp. Based on relative density, P. minor had 67.15% at Station I and 51.72% at Station II. S. crassifolium had 83.52% at Station III. T. decurrens had 50.86% at Station IV. The index of diversity of macroalgae in Kasiak Gadang Island is about 0.48 – 1.27. According to the diversity index criteria, macroalgae diversity in this island is considered being in low.
Human and Animal Pentastomiasis in Malaysia : Review Bahaa Mohamed Abdul Latif; Azdayanti Muslim; Heo Chong Chin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.02.12

Abstract

Pentastomiasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease induced by the larval stages of pentasomes. The disease has been reported in Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia and caused by the nymphs of the two genera:  Linguatula  and Armillifer and the two species L. serrata and A. armillatus regard for more than 90% of human cases. The definitive hosts of Armillifer spp. are snakes, lizards and other reptiles. The parasites live in the upper respiratory tracts and lay eggs that are passed out through respiratory secretions, saliva or faeces. Intermediate hosts are  humans, rodents and other mammals. Humans incidentally acquire the infestation by the consumption of uncooked infested snake meat or by drinking water contaminated with ova of the pentastomes. In the intestinal tract, the larvae hatch from the ova, penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate to organs in which the liver is the most common site. Human pentastomiasis was reported among aborigines in West and East Malaysia. Armillifer moniliformis was identified  in wild animals and carnivores with infection rate 1.8% and 20.7% respectively. The adults of pentostomes (A. moniliformis) were recovered from two out of six snakes Python reticulates. Recently a case of human pentastomiasis was reported in Sabah, East Malaysia, caused by nymph of Armillifer moniliformis.

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