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Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 0216616X     EISSN : 27760219     DOI : -
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Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia merupakan jurnal resmi yang dipublikasikan oleh Sekolah Farmasi Institut Teknologi Bandung. Jurnal ini mencakup seluruh aspek ilmu farmasi sebagai berikut (namun tidak terbatas pada): farmasetika, kimia farmasi, biologi farmasi, bioteknologi farmasi, serta farmakologi dan farmasi klinik. Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia is the official journal published by School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung. The journal covers all aspects of pharmaceutical issues which includes these following topics (but not limited to): pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, biological pharmacy, pharmaceutical biotechnology, pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)" : 8 Documents clear
Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Ketapang (Terminalia Catappa L.) Sumintir Sumintir; Komar Wirasutisna Ruslan Wirasutisna; Asep Gana Suganda; Elin Yulinah Sukandar
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Informasi mengenai aktivitas antimikroba dari kulit batang ketapang sejauh ini belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak etanol kulit batang ketapang. Kulit batang diekstraksi dengan metode refluks menggunakan pelarut etanol. Ekstrak difraksinasi dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, kloroform, dan etil asetat. Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar. Ekstrak etanol simplisia kering kulit batang ketapang menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) masing-masing 200 μg/cakram dan 300 μg/cakram. Fraksi etil asetat merupakan fraksi yang paling aktif dengan KHM 50 μg/cakramterhadap S. aureus dan C. albicans. Satu mikrogram fraksi etil asetat setara dengan 1,27x10-3 μg tetrasiklin HCl dan setara dengan 2,1x10-4 μg ketokonazol. Aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak etanol simplisia kering lebih tinggi daripada ekstrak etanol simplisia segar. Fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas antimikroba paling tinggi dan semua fraksi menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba yang lebih rendah daripada antibiotik pembanding.Kata kunci : ketapang, antimikroba, fraksi etil asetat, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus "Ketapang" (Terminalia catappa L.) had been widely used as a folk medicine. Antimicrobial activity of "ketapang" bark had not been reported. The aim of this research was to investigate antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of "ketapang" bark. The bark was extracted by refflux method, using ethanol as solvent. The extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction method, using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate as solvents. Antimicrobial activity was tested by agar disc diffusion method. Dried crude drug ethanolic extract of "ketapang" bark showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 200 μg/disc and 300 μg/disc, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction had highest antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans with MIC of 50 μg/disc. A microgram of ethyl acetate fraction was equivalent to 1.27 x 10-3 μg tetracycline hydrochloride and 2.1 x 10-4 μg ketoconazole, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of dried crude drug was higher than fresh crude drug ethanolic extract. The ethyl acetate fraction had highest antimicrobial activity and all fractions showed lower activity than standard antibiotics.Keywords: ketapang, antimicrobial, ethyl acetate fraction, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus
Telaah Kandungan Kimia Rambut Jagung (Zea mays L.) Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna; Irda Fidrianny; Annisa Rahmayani
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Rambut jagung merupakan limbah dari industri pangan, namun sering dimaanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional untuk peluruh air seni dan penurun tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah kandungan kimia yang terdapat pada rambut jagung. Simplisia rambut jagung diekstraksi secara sinambung dengan alat Soxhlet. Ekstrak etil asetat difraksinasi menggunakan metode kromatografi cair vakum. Pemurnian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif. Isolat dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometri ultraviolet-sinar tampak dan spektrofotometri inframerah. Spektrum ultraviolet-sinar tampak isolat menunjukkan dua buah puncak pada panjang gelombang 290 nm dan 367 nm. Spektrum inframerah isolat menunjukkan adanya gugus "“OH, C"“H alifatik, C=C aromatik, dan C=O. Isolat diidentifikasi sebagai salah satu flavanon dengan gugus "“OH pada posisi atom C nomor 5 dan atau 3´, 4´ tersubstitusi.Kata kunci : Zea mays L, rambut jagung, flavanoid, flavanone. Corn silk is considered as food industry waste; however it is traditionally utilized as diuretic and treatment for hypertension. The aim of this research is to study the chemical compound of corn silk. Crude drugs of corn silk were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus. Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Purification was conducted by preparative thin layer chromatography. Isolate was characterized by ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectrophotometry. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum of isolate showed two peaks at 290 nm and 367 nm. Infrared spectrum showed the presence of "“OH, aliphatic C"“H, aromatic C=C, and C=O groups. Isolate was identified as one of flavanone with substituted "“OH group at atom C number 5 and or 3´, 4´.Keywords: Zea mays L, corn silk, flavanoid, flavanone.
Telaah Fitokimia Daun Srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) yang Berasal dari Dua Lokasi Tumbuh Siti Kusmardiyani; Ferlin Wandasari; Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Daun srikaya (Annona squamosa L., Annonaceae) digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional sebagai penurun kadar gula darah. Simplisia yang berasal dari dua lokasi tumbuh dibandingkan kandungan kimianya. Penapisan fitokimia kedua simplisia, karakteristik simplisia, dan pola kromatogram ekstrak menunjukkan hasil yang mirip. Simplisia diekstraksi secara refluks menggunakan pelarut dengan kepolaran meningkat, yaitu n-heksana, etil asetat, dan metanol. Ekstrak n-heksana salah satu simplisia disaponifikasi, difraksinasi secara kromatografi cair vakum, dilanjutkan dengan kromatografi kolom. Fraksi dipisahkan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif dan isolat dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometri ultraviolet-sinar tampak dan spektrofotometri inframerah serta penampak bercak Liebermann-Burchard. Isolat merupakan triterpenoid dengan gugus fungsi O"“H, CH, dan C=C serta tidak memiliki ikatan rangkap terkonjugasi.Kata Kunci: Annona squamosa L., daun Srikaya, triterpenoid Sugar apple (Annona squamosa L., Annonaceae) leaf has been traditionally used to treat high blood glucose level. Crude drugs obtained from plants growing at two different locations were studied to evaluate whether there were differences in their phytochemical constituents. Phytochemical screening of those two crude drugs, the quality, and extract chromatographic pattern showed similar results. Crude drugs were extracted by reflux using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. N-hexane extract from one of the crude drugs was saponified, followed by fractionation using vacuum liquid chromatography and column chromatography. The fractions were separated using preparative thin layer chromatography and one isolate was characterized using Liebermann-Burchard reagent, ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectrophotometry. The isolate was a triterpenoid with O-H, C-H, and C=C groups and did not have any conjugated double bond.Keywords: Annona squamosa L., sugar apple leaf, triterpenoid
Penetapan Kadar Genistein Biji Kedelai (Soya max Piper) Lokal dan Impor Secara Densitometri Lapis Tipis dan KCKT Siti Kusmardiyani; Asri Dwijayanti; Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Biji kedelai (Soya max Piper) impor sangat banyak digunakan di Indonesia terutama sebagai bahan baku utama makanan olahan seperti tahu dan tempe. Genistein, senyawa isoflavon dalam biji kedelai, dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas estrogenik dan antioksidan kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menetapkan kadar genistein biji kedelai lokal dan impor serta menemukan metode penetapan kadar tanpa preparasi sampel yang dapat dikerjakan dalam waktu singkat. Simplisia biji kedelai diekstraksi dengan cara panas menggunakan metanol. Sebagian simplisia didelipidasi terlebih dahulu dengan n-heksana sebelum diekstraksi. Kadar genistein ditetapkan secara densitometri lapis tipis dan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT). Secara berurutan, kadar genistein biji kedelai lokal dan impor ditetapkan secara densitometri lapis tipis adalah 19,51±4,59 μg/g dan 21,69±3,98 μg/g. Sedangkan secara KCKT adalah 19,99±3,79 μg/g dan 21,12±3,19 μg/g. Kadar genistein biji kedelai lokal dan impor secara densitometri lapis tipis dan KCKT tidak berbeda bermakna pada aras keberartian 0,05.Kata kunci : Soya max, kedelai, genistein.Imported soybean seed is widely used in Indonesia especially as the main ingredient for tofu and soybean cake (tempe). Genistein, an isoflavone in soybean seed, has an estrogenic activity and act as a strong antioxidant. Besides quantifying genistein in the local and imported soybean seeds, this research was also aimed to find a fast and simple quantitative method. Soybean seed crude drugs were extracted by reflux using methanol. Some parts of the crude drug were delipidated using n-hexane before extracted. Genistein was determined using thin layer densitometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quantity of genistein in local and imported soybean seeds determined by thin layer densitometer were 19.51±4.59 μg/g and 21.69±3.98 μg/g, respectively. While the quantity obtained by HPLC were 19.99±3.79 μg/g and 21.12±3.19 μg/g, respectively. Both methods showed no significant difference in probability of 0.05.Keywords: Soya max, soybean, genistein.
Isolasi Senyawa Aktif Lignan dari Buah Lada Hitam (Piper nigrum L.) dan Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) Elfahmi Elfahmi; Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna; Heipy Ketrin Desyane
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Buah lada hitam (Piper nigrum L.) dan daun sirih (Piper betle L.) telah banyak digunakan secara tradisional untuk mengobati beberapa jenis penyakit. Beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung pada kedua tanaman tersebut diduga bertanggungjawab terhadap efek farmakologi, salah satu golongan metabolit sekunder tersebut adalah lignan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa lignan dari buah lada dan daun sirih. Serbuk simplisia dari daun sirih dan buah lada hitam diekstraksi dengan ekstraksi sinambung menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak difraksinasi dengan ekstraksi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut air-diklorometan (1:1) dan kromatografi cair vakum. Pemurnian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif. Isolat dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan kromatografi gas-spektroskopi massa (KG-SM). Dari buah lada hitam telah berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi dua senyawa lignan berupa hinokinin dan satu senyawa lignan lain yang memiliki ciri fragmen 135 dan 286 pada KG-SM. Sedangkan daun sirih memberikan data kromatografi untuk golongan lignan tetapi belum dapat dikonfirmasi dengan data KG-SM.Kata kunci : buah lada hitam, daun sirih, lignan, tanaman obat Indonesia Black pepper fruits and betel leaves are widely used traditionally to cure several illnesses. Secondary metabolites of both plants are believed to be responsible for their pharmacological effect; one of the secondary metabolites groups is lignan. The goal of this research is to isolate lignans from betel leaves and black pepper fruits. Crude drugs of betel leaves and pepper fruits were extracted with Soxhlet apparatus, using methanol. The extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction using dichloromethane-water (1:1) and vacuum liquid chromatography. Purification was conducted by preparative thin layer chromatography. Isolated compounds were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS). Two lignans were isolated from black pepper fruits and identified with GCMS. First known as hinokinin, and another has MS fragment 135 and 268, which are specific for lignan compounds. Betel leaves showed chromatography data to lignan groups but cannot confirm yet by GC-MS.Keywords: black pepper fruits, betel leaves, lignan, Indonesian Medicinal Plant
Produksi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Melalui Kultur Jaringan dan Transformasi Genetik Artemisia Annua L. Meilina Marsinta Manalu; Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna; Elfahmi Elfahmi
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Produksi metabolit sekunder pada tanaman biasanya menghasilkan kadar yang rendah. Metode bioteknologi telah terbuktidapat meningkatkan produksi beberapa metabolit sekunder pada tanaman. Untuk meningkatkan perolehan metabolit sekunder telah digunakan teknik kultur jaringan dan transformasi genetik dengan induksi Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kandungan metabolit sekunder dari kultur kalus dan akar rambut dari tanaman Artemisia annua hasil transformasi genetik menggunakan A. rhizogenes. Kultur kalus dan akar rambut hasil transformasi genetika mengandung senyawa artemisinin lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kultur kalus dan akar tanpa transformasi.Kata Kunci : Artemisia annua, kultur kalus, akar rambut Agrobacterium rhizogenes, artemisinin. The production of secondary metabolites of plant is usually low. Biotechnological methods have been proved to enhance the production of some of plant's secondary metabolites. To enhance the production of secondary metabolites, cell cultures and genetically transformed plants which were induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes have been used. This research aimed to enhance the secondary metabolite content from A. rhizogenes transformed callus and hairy roots cultures of Artemisia annua. Genetically transformed callus and hairy root cultures of A. annua contained higher artemisinin content compared to untransformed callus and root cultures.Keywords : Artemisia annua, callus cultures, hairy roots, Agrobacterium rhizogenes, artemisinin.
Karakteristik Energy Expenditure di Kegiatan Alam Terbuka I Ketut Adnyana; Tommy Apriantono; Sandra Jati Purwanti; Tjokorde Istri Armina
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Pengukuran pengeluaran energi (energy expenditure) selama kegiatan di alam terbuka merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengurangi risiko kecelakaan dan menghindari penurunan kinerja selama kegiatan. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengukuran pengeluaran energi dan parameter lain selama kegiatan Pendidikan Dasar Wanadri (PDW) 2010, di Situ Lembang dengan ketinggian 1600 meter dpl, dalam rentang waktu 4 -16 Juli 2010. Pengukuran pengeluaran energi serta denyut jantung menggunakan Polar RS400. Pengukuran berat badan, persentase lemak tubuh, dan tekanan darah dilakukan pada hari tertentu dari setiap jenis kegiatan yang berbeda. Kuesioner diberikan pada akhir terakhir setiap jenis kegiatan berbeda.Subjek penelitian yang digunakan berjumlah 6 orang pria yang rata-rata berusia 20,7 ± 1,6 tahun, dengan rata-rata tinggi badan 171,8 ± 3 cm, dan berat badan 66,2 ± 5,1 kg. Pengeluaran energi saat kegiatan berbeda bermakna dan mencapai 2-3 kali lipat dari pengeluaran energi saat kegiatan normal sebelum kegiatan PDW (2956 ± 495 kkal/hari). Pengeluaran energi terbesar terjadi saat kegiatan longmarch (8286 ± 730 kkal/hari). Jumlah asupan energi (energy intake) rata-rata selama PDW terekam sebesar 1380 kkal/hari. Terjadi penurunan berat badan (10,20 ± 0,80 %), penurunan persentase lemak tubuh (48,80 ± 2,63 %), danpenurunan massa bebas-lemak (2,87 ± 0,06 %). Dari analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengeluaran energi tidak diimbangi dengan asupan energi yang cukup, sehingga terjadi perubahan berat badan dan komposisi tubuh.Kata Kunci: pengeluaran energi, kegiatan alam terbuka Determination of energy expenditure during outdoor activity is performed to reduce the risk of accidents and to avoid a fall of performance during activity. In this study, energy expenditure measurement was performed during Pendidikan Dasar Wanadri (basic training of Wanadri or PDW) 2010, at Situ Lembang which is 1600 meter above sea level, from 4 to 16 July 2010. Measurement of body weight, body fat percentage and blood pressure was performed on certain days of each different type of activity. Questionnaires were distributed on the last day of each different activity. Subjects were 6 males, which average age, height, and weight were 20.7 ± 1.6 years old, 171.8 ± 3 cm, and 66.2 ± 5.1 kg respectively. Energy expenditure during PDW activity was significantly larger, around 2-3 times of the normal activity energy expenditure prior to PDW (2956 ± 495 kcal/day). The largest energy expenditure recorded was during long march activity (8286 ± 730 kcal/day). Average energy intake during PDW was recorded at 1380 kcal/day. Weight loss (10.20 ± 0.80 %), body fat percentage decrease (48.80 ± 2.63 %), and fat-free mass decrease (2.87 ± 0.06 %) occurred in subjects during the activity. It was concluded from the data that the energy expenditure was much larger than the energy intake, which caused changes in body weight as well as body composition.Keywords: energy expenditure, outdoor activity
Front Matter Vol 37 No 1 (2012) Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 37 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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