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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 838 Documents
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Relationship between the levels of awareness and knowledge of periodontitis in diabetic patients at a Dental Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic Irene Nathania; Nadhia Anindhita Harsas; Natalina; Fatimah Maria Tadjoedin
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p243-250

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis are the most prevalent human diseases. Diabetes worsens the periodontal condition, but periodontitis also hampers glycemic control in diabetic patients. Based on staging and grading, the latest periodontitis classification puts DM as one of the grade modifiers. Periodic periodontal maintenance prevents reinfection and could help people with diabetes maintain effective glycemic control. Dental health education and periodontal disease awareness are crucially needed for diabetic patients, especially during the pandemic. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the relationship between levels of awareness and knowledge of periodontitis in diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A closed-ended questionnaire was distributed to new patients referred to the Periodontology Clinic of the Dental Hospital of Universitas Indonesia. Patients’ data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic from January to June 2021. Results: Eighty-four patients participated, of which 34.5 % were diabetic patients with periodontitis. Statistically, significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between levels of awareness and knowledge of periodontitis among diabetic patients and nondiabetic patients (both groups are suffering periodontitis). Awareness and knowledge of periodontitis are inversely correlated with their current clinical periodontal status, therefore patients with less awareness and knowledge have more severe periodontitis. Conclusion: Lack of awareness and knowledge of periodontitis was found among both nondiabetic and diabetic periodontitis patients. Dental health education is required to improve understanding and awareness of the relationship between periodontitis and DM.
The impact of chewing betel nuts on human dentition in Indonesia: A literature review Sayf Muhammad Alaydrus; Myrtati Dyah Artaria; Yao-Fong Chen
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p273-279

Abstract

Background: Human behavior can significantly alter dental conditions. One such behavior is the habit of chewing betel nuts. Known as nginang, this tradition holds social significance in many cultures across Indonesia. Societal beliefs include the idea that chewing betel nuts offers a sensation similar to smoking cigarettes, provides a pastime, reduces bad breath, and even enhances dental health. However, evidence shows that it can cause severe damage to teeth. Purpose: This research aims to analyze the literature regarding the impact of chewing betel nuts on dental conditions and to recommend actions to address the problems caused by it. Reviews: While this habit can have positive aspects, it may also cause tooth damage when practiced with a certain frequency and intensity and using specific compositions. Issues such as calculus, periodontitis, attrition, and antemortem tooth loss may occur due to this habit. However, inconsistencies have been found concerning this habit’s relation to caries. Conclusion: A pathological chain reaction triggered by betel nut chewing confirms its detrimental effect on dental health. Further investigations are required to explain the inconsistencies found in this review. The researchers recommend promoting tooth brushing to enable society to maintain its tradition without risking further teeth damage.
Pangasius djambal gelatin increases osteoprotegerin, decreases RANK and RANKL after tooth extraction in vivo Fredy Mardiyantoro; Nenny Prasetyaningrum; Lukman H. Hidayat; Uswatun Khasanah; Virginia C. Roring; Ahida Muizun; Varellia A. W. Kardikadewi
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p238-242

Abstract

Background: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) plays a role in preventing osteoclast formation and osteoclastic bone resorption by inhibiting the receptor activator nuclear factor-β and its ligand (RANK–RANKL) interaction that causes bone resorption. Pangasius djambal gelatin contains essential amino acids that may stimulate bone remodeling. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the expressions of OPG, RANKL, and RANK following tooth extraction to ascertain whether OPG is associated with the RANKL and RANK ratios following gelatin induction. Methods: This study was a true experimental study with a simple, randomized post-test only control group design. Twenty-four albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into two groups (n = 4). The treatment group was treated with P. djambal gelatin following tooth extraction, while the control group was left untreated. Animal models undergoing tooth extraction were anesthetized intraperitoneally with ketamine (1,000 mg/10 ml up to 0.2 ml). The tooth was then extracted slowly so as not to break it. P. djambal gelatin was dripped (0.1 ml) into the socket after the extraction procedure. The association of OPG with RANKL and RANK immunohistochemistry expressions was evaluated after three, five, and seven days. Results: There was a significant increase in OPG expression on day 7 (P < 0.05) and a significant decrease in the expression of RANKL and RANK (P < 0.05) in the treatment group. Conclusion: The application of P. djambal gelatin could increase OPG expression, decrease RANKL and RANK expression in the socket following tooth extraction, and might be associated with the inhibition of bone resorption.
Comparison outcome of open and close reduction treatments for parasymphysis mandibular fractures Annisa Fardhani; Andra Rizqiawan; Indra Mulyawan; Ganendra Anugraha
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p268-272

Abstract

Background: Mandibular fracture is a condition of mandibular discontinuity. The treatment aims to reconstruct the appropriate anatomical position. Reduction is the process of repositioning fracture fragments to their original anatomical positions, which can be done by open and closed techniques. Open reduction is more invasive, and the possibility of nerve or blood vessel injury and infection postoperatively is greater. Closed reduction also has postoperative complications such as muscle atrophy, periodontal tissue and mucosa damage, speech disorders, and nutritional disorders. In the final determination of the treatment plan, the advantages, disadvantages, and risks of each treatment and the risk of complications should be sufficiently discussed with patients and the patient’s guardians. Purpose: This case aims to compare the outcome of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with closed reduction treatment in the management of mandibular parasymphysis fractures. Cases: Two case studies of mandibular parasymphysis fractures. Clinically, each patient had mandibular displacement and occlusion disturbance before treatment. Case Management: The treatment plan is considered by the patient’s age and fracture type. One patient received ORIF, and the other received close reduction treatment with gradual repositioning. Malocclusion after treatment was absent in both cases. Conclusion: Open reduction is recommended for displaced parasymphysis fractures. In cases where the open reduction technique cannot be performed, the closed technique can be an alternative, especially on non-displaced or minimally displaced parasymphysis fractures.
Indonesian version of caries management by risk assessment mobile application “SKOR GIGI” in highly educated parents Alana Aluditasari; Eva Fauziah; Sarworini B. Budiardjo
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p251-254

Abstract

Background: The Indonesian version of caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) is a common caries risk assessment for children aged 0–5 years. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the frequency of dental visits have decreased, making it difficult to assess the caries risk in children. Smartphones and operating systems such as Android are expected to be useful for parents to assess the caries risk of their children. The education level of parents has an impact of its use. The research about the Indonesian version of CAMBRA Android–based application in children aged 0–5 years with highly educated parents has never been done in Indonesia. Purpose: To analyze the accuracy of Android–based application “SKOR GIGI” in assessing the caries risk of children aged 0–5 years by highly educated parents. Methods: This study was conducted in kindergarten, pre-primary school, and Dental Hospital of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia with 37 highly educated parents as participants. Participants filled out the informed consent and SKOR GIGI application. Six days later, dentists filled out the Indonesian version of CAMBRA. The results of this study were statistically tested to see the sensitivity, specificity, and the comparison between the variables. Results: The sensitivity test of SKOR GIGI application showed 96.3%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, and negative predictive value 90.9%. The comparative test with McNemar showed a p-value of 1.000, which means there is no significant difference between the caries risk assessment of children aged 0–5 years using SKOR GIGI application and the Indonesian version of CAMBRA. Conclusion: SKOR GIGI application can be used to assess the caries risk of children aged 0–5 years by highly educated parents.
Analysis of mandibular third molar impaction classification with different skeletal malocclusions Muhammet Bahattin Bingül; Fırat Oğuz; Ayşegül Evren
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p213-219

Abstract

Background: Since the third molar teeth are the last to erupt in the oral cavity, they can become more impacted than other teeth. Insufficient retromolar space and the eruption direction of the third molars can affect this situation. The condition, distribution, and prevalence of impacted third molars in skeletal Class I, II, and III anomalies are important in treatment predictability. Purpose: The aim of this study is to classify impacted lower third molars in patients with different skeletal malocclusions. Methods: This retrospective study examined panoramic X-ray records of patients treated at Inonu University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, between 2014 and 2021. In total, 1219 mandibular third molar teeth were considered. Impacted mandibular third molar teeth of individuals with different skeletal structures were grouped according to the Pell and Gregory, Winter, and Archer classifications. Results: In this study, 37.74% of the participants were male, and 62.26% were female; 40.94% of examined teeth were skeletal Class I, 41.84% were Class II, and 17.23% were Class III. It was determined that 91.63% of all examined teeth were impacted, and 8.37% had erupted. According to the Pell and Gregory classification, 21.41% of teeth were Grade (I), 38.06% were Grade (II), and 40.53% were Grade (III). According to the Winter classification, 3.12% of examined teeth were buccal, 6.89% were horizontal, 23.71% were mesioangular, and 66.28% were vertical. According to the Archer classification, 14.44% of examined teeth were in position A, 30.02% were in position B, and 55.54% were in position C. No statistically significant relationship was established between grades and gender (p>0.05). Conclusion: A relationship was ascertained between the impacted positions of mandibular third molars in different skeletal structures.
Management missed canal tooth and broken file using ultrasonic instrument Abiddinda; Wandita Swasti Agustin; Margareta Rinastiti; Diatri Nari Ratih
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p255-260

Abstract

Background: Endodontic mishaps, such as missed canal and broken file, are procedural accidents that can affect the prognosis of endodontic treatment. A missed canal can lead to endodontic failure because of bacterial remnants in the root canal. A broken file may cause obstruction of the canal, inhibiting the process of shaping and cleaning. An ultrasonic instrument can be used under a dental microscope to manage a missed canal or broken file fragment. Purpose: This study aimed to show the management of missed canal and instrument separation by endodontic retreatment using an ultrasonic instrument under dental microscope. Case: A 31-year-old female patient presented to Dental Hospital Universitas Gadjah Mada with discomfort from chewing her upper left molar since 2 weeks (January 4, 2022). The tooth was subjected to root canal treatment 2 years ago (November 18, 2019). The percussion test yielded a positive result. The examination of radiographs showed the presence of a broken file in the middle third of the mesiobuccal root canal. Case Management: The first stage of the retreatment was removal of the gutta-percha. This was followed by exploration of the missed canal and retrieval of the broken file using an ultrasonic instrument under a dental microscope. Then, the root canals, including the messiobuccal2 canal, that was missed at the previous treatment, were prepared. The final step was zirconia crown restoration with a fiber post. Conclusion: An ultrasonic device along with a dental microscope can be used to manage a missed canal and instrument separation conservatively.
Analysis of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of cocoa pod husk extract (Theobroma cacao L.) Yani Corvianindya Rahayu; Ernie Maduratna Setiawatie; Retno Pudji Rahayu; Doaa Elsayed Ramadan
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i4.p220-225

Abstract

Background: Theobroma cacao bean manufacturing worldwide includes undesired byproducts such as cocoa pod husks. Cocoa pods contain a variety of beneficial chemicals, including polyphenols. Polyphenols have a vital function in the treatment of many illnesses and infections of the oral cavity. This is due to their vital qualities in the oral cavity, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant actions. Purpose: The goal of this study was to look at the antioxidant content and antibacterial activity of cocoa pod husk extract (Theobroma cacao L.) against Phorphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Methods: Cocoa pod husk extract was produced using an ultrasonic homogenizer and 70% ethanol. Thin layer chromatography and the Folin–Ciocalteu test were used to determine the phytochemical content and total phenolic content of the extract. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate technique was used to measure antioxidant activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were used to measure the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract at concentrations of 1, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 mg/ml using a deep-well broth microdilution technique. Results: The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids was discovered in the cocoa pod husk extract. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of the extract was significant (IC50 = 62 ppm), and the MIC of P. gingivalis and S. mutans was 16 mg/ml and 8 mg/ml, respectively.

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