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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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Articles 838 Documents
Genetic variability of Candida albicans in HIV/AIDS patient with and without ARV therapy and non HIV/AIDS Retno Puji Rahayu; Widiyanti P; Arfijanto M
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (453.686 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v45.i1.p28-34

Abstract

Background: Oral candidiasis is the mostly found oral manifestation in HIV/AIDS infected patient caused by immunocompromised especially immunodeficiency. Clinical symptoms is severe pain in oral cavity and dry mouth because of xerostomia which cause the loss of appetite. Candida albicans (C. albicans) is normal flora in oral cavity which plays as opportunistic pathogen and also the cause of oral candidiasis. Almost 90% of HIV–infected patient have oral candidiasis. This condition is clinical problem which has not been well-managed yet. C. albicans colonized oral mucous cavity has different genetic variability for each strain. Phenotype of C. albicans has been determined by genetic factor and environtment. This condition stimulate differences of genotype among various strain of C. albicans in the world. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the genetic variability of C.albicans which colonized in the mucous oral cavity of HIV/AIDS patient in Surabaya in the treatment with and without ARV therapy and non HIV/AIDS. Methods: This research has been identify and characterize the prevalent strain of C. albicans isolat in Surabaya (East Java) in HIV/AIDS infected patient with oral candidiasis by method of Iatron candidal check. The highlight of this research including cytology examination by Papanicoloau staining, C. albicans culture, spheroplast making, DNA isolation and genetic variability checking by randomly amplyfied polymorphism DNA (RAPD). Results: C. albicans colonizing oral mucosa of non-HIV patients had a predisposition of farther genetic relationship (genetic distance of 0.452) with C. albicans colonizing oral mucosa of HIV ARV and HIV non-ARV patients. The genetic distance was ranging between 0 and 1, where 9 was long genetic distance and 1 was short genetic distance. In contrast, C. albicans colonizing oral mucosa of HIV ARV have predisposition of closer genetic relationship (genetic distance of 0.762) with C. albicans colonizing oral mucosa of HIV non-ARV patients. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research were C.albicans colonizing HIV/AIDS patiens with and without ARV showed no high genetic variability between C.albicans isolate in HIV patients. There fore, the character of C.albicans colonizing HIV ARV and HIV non-ARV patients had similar genotype predisposition of closer relationship value with C.albicans colonizing oral mucosa non HIV patients.Latar belakang: Oral candidiasis merupakan manifestasi kelainan rongga mulut yang paling sering timbul pada penderita HIV/AIDS karena kondisi immunocompromised terutama defisiensi imun. Gejala klinisnya berupa nyeri hebat di rongga mulut dan mulut kering karena xerostomia yang menyebabkan hilangnya nafsu makan. Candida albicans (C. albicans) berperan sebagai patogen oprtunistik dan merupakan penyebab Kandidiasis rongga mulut. Hampir 90% penderita terinfeksi HIV mengalami kandidiasis rongga mulut. Kondisi ini merupakan masalah klinis yang belum teratasi dengan baik. Kolonisasi C. albicans di mukosa rongga mulut mempunyai variabilitas genetic yang berbeda untuk tiap strainnya. Fenotip C. albicans ditentukan oleh faktor genetic dan lingkungan. Kondisi ini menstimulir perbedaan genotip di antara berbagai strain C. albicans di dunia. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meneliti korelasi antara hubungan genetik yang menunjukkan variasi genetik kolonisasi C. albicans pada rongga mulut dan insidens kandidiasis rongga mulut pada penderita HIV/AIDS dan non-HIV/AIDS. Metode: Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dan mengkarakterisasi strain Candida albicans isolat Surabaya (Jawa Timur) pada penderita HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis rongga mulut dengan metode iatron candidal check. Penekanan dalam penelitian ini termasuk pada pemeriksaan sitologi dengan pengecatan Papanicoloau, kultur C. albicans, pembuatan spheroplast, isolasi DNA dan pemeriksaan variabilitas genetik dengan randomly amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD). Hasil: C. albicans yang berkolonisasi di rongga mulut pada penderita non-HIV mempunyai predisposisi hubungan genetik (jarak genetik 0.452) dengan C. albicans yang berkolonisasi di rongga mulut pada penderita HIV yang mendapatkan terapi ARV dan non ARV. Jarak genetic bervariasi antara 0 dan 1, dimana 9 dalah jarak genetik terpanjang and 1 adalah jarak genetik terpendek. Sebaliknya, C. albicans yang berkolonisasi di rongga mulut pada penderita HIV yang menerima terapi ARV memiliki predisposisi hubungan genetic yang lebih dekat (jarak genetic 0.762) dibandingkan C. albicans yang berkolonisasi di rongga mulut pada penderita HIV non-ARV. Kesimpulan: Sebagai kesimpulan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa C. albicans isolate Surabaya yang mengkolonisasi penderita HIV/AIDS dengan ARV dan non ARV memiliki hubungan kekerabatan genetik yang sama dibanding dengan pasien non HIV/AIDS.
Pengaruh lama pemberian aspirin pada ekspresi protein KI-67 dan ketebalan epitel mukosa rongga mulut tikus Wistar jantan (The effect of aspirin administration period on KI-67 expression protein and oral epithelial mucosal thickness in male Wistar mice) Dian Yosi Arinawati; Heni Susilowati; Supriatno Supriatno
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1074.865 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i3.p135-140

Abstract

Background: Aspirin has been widely used as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesics drugs. It has seriously side effects like gastrointestinal ulceration, delayed healing ulcer, and oral mucosal ulceration when Aspirin is administered for long time. Purpose: The aim of study was to examine the effect of Aspirin administration period on Kiehl-67 (KI-67) protein expressions and oral mucosal epithelial thickness in male Wistar mice. Methods: Experimental laboratory study with post-test only control group design was performed and 40 male Wistar mice were used in this experiment. The samples were divided into 2 groups. Group I was treated with Aspirin, whereas group II was receive aquadest. Each group was divided into 5 subgroups for assessment of the length administration effect. All of mice were sacrificed on day 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 after treatment. Aspirin was orally administrated with doses of 9 mg/kg body weight. The buccal right of mice oral mucosal tissue was sliced and delivered for immunohistochemistry staining using anti-KI-67. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to measure the oral epithelial thickness. Examination of KI-67 expressions and oral epithelial thickness were performed by using ImageJ software. Two-way Anova and Kruskall-Wallis test were carried-out for data analysis with significant level of 95%. Results: The results revealed that the administration of Aspirin in mice on day 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 was markedly decreased in the KI-67 protein expressions and oral epithelial thickness compared with that of control (p<0.05), otherwise the duration of Aspirin administration did not affect mucosal epithelial thickness. Conclusion: Aspirin administration period has the potential to suppress the KI-67 protein expression within 10 days; the effect in line with the length of duration. The epithelial thickness was not influenced by the length of Aspirin administration.Latar belakang: Aspirin digunakan sebagai anti inflamasi, anti demam, dan anti nyeri. Aspirin merupakan obat yang aman, namun dilaporkan menimbulkan efek samping berupa kerusakan gastrointestinal dan kerusakan mukosa rongga mulut apabila dikonsumsi dalam jangka panjang. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama pemberian Aspirin terhadap ekspresi KI-67 dan ketebalan epitel rongga mulut tikus galur Wistar. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratories dan menggunakan 40 tikus jantan galur Wistar. Hewan coba dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok perlakuan Aspirin dan kontrol akuades. Masing-masing kelompok dibagi menjadi 5 subkelompok berdasarkan lama pemberian Aspirin, yaitu 1, 3, 5, 7 dan 10 hari. Dosis yang diberikan 9 mg/kg berat badan sekali per hari. Mukosa bukal tikus kemudian dipotong untuk pengecatan KI-67 dan hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Ekspresi KI-67 dan ketebalan epitel diukur menggunakan software ImageJ. Data dianalisis menggunakan Two-way Anova and KruskallWallis dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil: Lama pemberian Aspirin hari ke 1, 3, 5, 7 dan 10 dapat menurunkan ekspresi KI-67 (p<0.05) dan ketebalan epitel dibandingkan kontrol, namun lama pemberian tidak berpengaruh terhadap mukosa epitel. Aspirin dapat menurunkan ketebalan epitel rongga mulut dibandingkan kontrol (p<0.05). Simpulan: Pemberian Aspirin dapat menurunkan ekspresi KI-67 pada sel epitel mukosa rongga mulut tikus galur Wistar; efek tersebut berbanding lurus dengan durasi pemberian sampai hari ke-10. Lama pemberian Aspirin tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketebalan mukosa rongga mulut tikus galur Wistar.
Root canal overfilling as an influencing factor for the success of endodontic treatment Ardo Sabir
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 38 No. 4 (2005): December 2005
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (695.439 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v38.i4.p194-197

Abstract

The goal of endodontic treatment is to keep the teeth as long as possible in the mouth. The obturation process in the root canal is one of the most important processes in endodontic treatment. The purpose of this article is to explain that overfilling is an influencing factor to the success of endodontic treatment. It has been widely known that overfilling should be avoided during an obturation process. Overfilling of the root canal is indicated only in cases which will be followed by apicoectomy, when the foreign material is removed. Accidental overfilling may occur with soft material (for example, certain pastes and cements) or with solid material (such as gutta-percha or silver cones). Such overfilling may cause an unnecessary mechanical and chemical irritation, which hinders the repair of periapical tissue, and thus, diminishes the probability of a successful endodontic treatment prognosis. Many things could cause overfilling, which makes overfilling unpleasant feeling for the patient such as severe pain, periapical lesion, gingival discoloration, periodontal ligament breakage, or even paresthesia. There are several ways to overcome this root canal overfilling, from the conventional endodontic treatment up to endodontic surgery. The main conclusion from this article is to avoid overfilling and the importance of clinicians’ compliance to the right procedures.
Combination of natural teeth and osseointegrated implants as prosthesis abutments in a posterior cantilever bridge Michael Josef Kridanto Kamadjaja
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 41 No. 2 (2008): June 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (601.829 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v41.i2.p56-61

Abstract

Dental implants have been used for several decades. Patients of all ages have chosen dental implants to replace a single tooth or several teeth or to support partial or full dentures. This paper reports two cases of patients treated with dental implant as alternative to replace the missing teeth and connected with natural tooth as abutments in a fixed restoration with distal cantilever bridge. The underlining reasons that we decided to make such kind fixed prostheses are because of clinically imposible to put the implant on certain area and the patients asked for prostheses as optimum as possible, so the mastication function could return to the homeostasis condition. The benefit of these treatments are that prostheses could be made as optimum as possible with a more economic price, so the patients feel quite satisfied. The result shows that a few years after the treatments finished there is no any disadvantageous effect of connecting teeth to implants as abutments in fixed partial dentures and there is no sign of a harmful effect to the opposing teeth either.
Piperin and piplartin as natural oral anticancer drug Berlian Bidarisugma; Mar'atus Sholikhah; Sarah Usman Balbeid; Anis Irmawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 4 (2011): December 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (413.308 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v44.i4.p215-219

Abstract

Background: Since the last few decades, oral cancer as pathology has become an attention in medicine and dentistry. The majority cases of oral cancer are affecting people with smoking habit and alcohol consumption. Many herbs contain substances which can stop cancer cells proliferation, such as Piper retrofractum/Retrofracti fructus, an herb plant from Piperaceae family which contains piperin and piplartin. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanism of piperin and pilplartin as natural oral anticancer drug. Reviews: Piperin and piplartin has function as antioxidant that can protect body cell from damage caused by free radicals. Piperin works synergistically with another bioactive substance like capsaicin and curcumin. Piperin increase the number of serum and life time of serum from a few nutrition substance like co-enzyme Q10 and beta-carotene. Beta-carotene can catch reactive O2 and peroxil radicals. The activity of anticancer piplartin related with obstruction of proliferation cell rate, observe form Ki67 reduction as antigen in nucleus that associated with G1, S, G2, and M phase in cell cycle. Comparing with piplartin, piperin is more potential to inhibit proliferation rate of Ki67, but piplartin’s antiproliferation mechanism will increase if supported by piperin. Conclusion: Piperin and piplartin contained in Javanese chili are potential for natural oral anticancer, by directly or indirectly suppress tumor cell development by increasing the number of immunity cells (immunomodulator), and by inhibiting cell proliferation with reduction of Ki67, nucleus antigen that associated with G1,S,G2, dan M phase of cell cycle.Latar belakang: Sejak beberapa dekade terakhir, patologi kanker rongga mulut telah banyak menjadi perhatian di bidang kedokteran dan kedokteran gigi. Risiko paling tinggi ditemukan pada penderita perokok dan peminum alkohol. Banyak tanaman herbal yang memiliki kandungan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker atau antiproliferasi sel, seperti tanaman herbal yang berasal dari suku Piperaceae, salah satunya adalah cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum) yang mengandung piperin dan piplartin. Tujuan: artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme kerja piperin dan pilplartin sebagai antikanker alami rongga mulut. Tinjauan pustaka: Piperin dan piplartin berfungsi sebagai antioksidan yang dapat melindungi sel tubuh dari kerusakan akibat radikal bebas. Piperin bekerja secara sinergis dengan zat-zat bioaktif lainnya seperti capsaicin dan curcumin. Piperin meningkatkan jumlah serum dan umur serum dari beberapa substansi nutrisi seperti koenzim Q10 dan betakaroten. Betakaroten mampu menangkap oksigen reaktif dan radikal peroksil. Aktivitas antitumor piplartin berhubungan dengan penghambatan laju proliferasi sel, ditinjau dari reduksi Ki67 yaitu antigen pada inti sel yang berasosiasi dengan G1, S, G2, dan M pada siklus sintesa sel. Dalam mekanisme kerjanya piplartin akan lebih meningkat aktivitas antiproliferasinya jika disinergiskan dengan piperin. Kesimpulan: Piperin dan piplartin yang terkandung dalam cabe jawa berpotensi sebagai antikanker rongga mulut alami, dengan menekan perkembangan sel tumor baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui peningkatan sel imun (immunomodulator), dengan penghambatan laju proliferasi sel, ditinjau dari reduksi Ki67, yaitu antigen pada inti sel yang berasosiasi dengan G1, S, G2, dan M pada siklus sintesis sel.
Paparan zat besi pada ekspresi protein spesifik extracellular polymeric substance biofilm Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Marchella Hendrayanti W; Indah Listiana K
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 2 (2014): June 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (511.358 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i2.p103-109

Abstract

Background: The study of biofilms bacteria could be an alternative of preventive treatment in reducing prevalence of aggressive periodontitis in the community, because biofilm protects the bacteria from environmental conditions, including the attack of immune system and antimicrobial. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a major cause of bacterial aggressive periodontitis. Purpose: This study aims to examine the iron exposure to specific protein expression of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm. Methods: Protein containing EPS biofilm was isolated from cultures of A.actinomycetemcomitans. The protein was processed through several procedures: electrophoresis , electroelution , immunization of rabbits , serum isolation , and purification of antibodies. After the Western blotting procedure the antibody was used. Protein containing EPS biofilms exposed to iron, then once again isolated from cultures of A. actinomycetemcomitans. The electrophoresis and Western blotting were done on the isolated protein. Results: The result showed that the the expression of specific proteins in EPS biofilm decreased in response to iron exposure. Conclusions: Iron exposure could influenced the specific protein expression in EPS biofilm of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Latar belakang: Penelitian terhadap bakteri biofilm dapat menjadi alternatif perawatan preventif dalam menurunkan prevalensi periodontitis agresif di masyarakat, karena biofilm melindungi bakteri terhadap kondisi lingkungan, termasuk serangan sistem imun dan antimikroba. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans merupakan bakteri penyebab utama periodontitis agresif. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan meneliti paparan zat besi terhadap ekspresi protein spesifik extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Metode: Protein yang mengandung EPS biofilm diisolasi dari kultur A. actinomycetemcomitans. Protein yang diisolasi ini kemudian melalui beberapa prosedur: elektroforesis, elektroelusi, imunisasi pada kelinci, isolasi serum, dan purifikasi antibodi. Pada prosedur Western blotting di sesi penelitian berikutnya antibodi ini digunakan. Protein yang mengandung EPS biofilm dipapar dengan zat besi, kemudian diisolasi sekali lagi dari kultur A. actinomycetemcomitans. Protein yang diisolasi dilakukan elektroforesis dan Western blotting. Western blotting. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil berupa penurunan ekspresi protein spesifik biofilm EPS sebagai respon terhadap paparan zat besi. Simpulan: Paparan zat besi memberi pengaruh ekspresi protein spesifik biofilm EPS Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
Saliva as a future potential predictor for various periodontal diseases Zahreni Hamzah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (182.381 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v44.i2.p77-81

Abstract

Background: There are many diagnostic biomarkers have been found in saliva. Saliva contains a wide variety of proteins, including bacteria and products, enzymes, inflammatory mediators and host response modifiers, products of tissue breakdown. Purpose: The purpose of the study was studied current development of diagnostic biomarkers in saliva that will lead to the development of simple and accurate diagnostic tools for periodental disease. Reviews: Specifically, the salivary biomarkers divided for three aspects of periodontitis i.e. inflammation, collagen degradation and bone turnover, correlated with clinical features of periodontal disease. The diagnostic biomarkers is in saliva, such as enzyme, immunoglobulin, cytokines, bacteria and bacterial products, hormones. For the past two decades, oral health researchers have been developing salivary diagnostic tools to monitor oral diseases. Conclusion: The indicators of acute periodontitis can detect with ß-glucuronidase and AST, IL-1β, and MMP-8, whereas indicators for chronic periodontitis can detect with ALP. The indicators for collagen degradation and bone turnover suggest ICTP, fibronectin fragments, and osteonectin. The indicators of severity of periodontitis especially can be predict by B. forsythus.Latar belakang: Banyak biomarker telah ditemukan dalam saliva. Saliva terdiri dari berbagai protein unik meliputi bakteri dan produk bakteri, enzim, mediator inflamasi dan modifikasi respon host (immunoglobulin, sitokin), produk kerusakan jaringan (telopeptida kolagen, osteokalsin, proteoglikan, fragmen fibronectin). Tujuan: Mengkaji biomarker dalam saliva untuk pengembangan metode diagnostik sederhana dan akurat untuk penyakit periodontal. Tinjauan Pustaka: Secara khusus, biomarker saliva pada periodontitis dibagi dalam tiga aspek yaitu inflamasi, dan degradasi kolagen serta pergantian tulang. Biomarker diagnostik dalam saliva, meliputi enzim, imunoglobulin, sitokin, bakteri dan produk-produk bakteri, hormon. Selama dua dekade terakhir, para peneliti kesehatan mulut telah mengembangkan alat diagnostik melalui saliva yang tepat untuk memonitor beberapa penyakit periodontal. Kesimpulan: Indikator periodontitis akut dapat dideteksi dengan β-glucuronidase dan AST, IL-1β,dan MMP-8, whereas indikator untuk periodontitis kronis dapat dideteksi dengan ALP. Indikator untuk degradasi kolagen dan penggantian tulang dideteksi melalui ICTP, fibronectin fragments, dan osteonectin. Sedang indikator untuk keparahan periodontitis terutama dapat diprediksi melalui B. forsythus.
Minyak ikan Lemuru (Sardinella longicep) menurunkan apoptosis osteoblas pada tulang alveolaris tikus wistar (Fish oil of Lemuru (Sardinella longicep) reduced the osteoblast apoptosis in wistar rat alveolar bone) Didin Erma Indahyani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 4 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (569.426 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i4.p185-189

Abstract

Background: Periodontal disease is caused by periodontopatogen bacteria resulting the alveolar bone damage. The decrease of osteoblasts and the increased of osteoclasts can cause bone destruction. The decrease of osteoblasts, due to a disturbance of differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Inflammatory mediators are prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 also tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) stimulates osteoblast apoptosis through gene expression, signaling molecules and receptor-forming osteoblasts. Fish oil of Lemuru, which is widely encountered in Indonesian coast, containing n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are quite high. Consumption of fish oil shown to reduce the expression of PGE2, IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Lemuru (Sardinella longicep) fish oil on osteoblast apoptosis of rat alveolar bone induced periodontal infection. Methods: Thirty Wistar rats, male, age 5 days, divided into 3 groups: group I rats induced with normal saline, group II rats induced by LPS, and group III rats induced with lemuru fish oil and LPS. Each group was divided into 2 sub-groups that would be sacrified at 13 days and 21 days of age. Fish oil was given at a dose 1ml/300-350 grams. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced with the purpose to cause periodontal infection in the maxillary buccal fold molar region with dose 5μl LPS/PBS 0.03 ml. After decapitation and decalcification, the maxilla was cut in 5μm thickness. Apoptosis was analyzed on DNA and detected by TUNEL reaction (transferase-mediated digoxigenin-deoxy-UTP nick end labeling). Results: The results showed that apoptosis of osteoblast cells was significantly smaller in rats induced by Lemuru fish oil. Conclusion: The study showed that Lemuru fish oil reduced the osteoblast apoptosis of rats alveolar bone induced periodontal infection by LPS.Latar belakang: Penyakit periodontal akibat bakteri peridontopatogen, menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan tulang alveolar. Penurunan jumlah osteoblas dan peningkatan jumlah osteoklas mengakibatkan kerusakan tulang. Penurunan jumlah osteoblas disebabkan terjadinya gangguan diferensiasi maupun proliferasi juga apoptosis. Apoptosis osteoblas dimodulasi oleh mediator-mediator inflamatori yaitu prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 juga tumor nekrosis alfa (TNF-α), melalui pengaruhnya pada ekspresi gen, molekul-molekul signaling maupun reseptor pembentukan osteoblas. Minyak ikan Lemuru yang banyak di pesisir Indonesia, banyak mengandung n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA). Konsumsi minyak ikan terbukti menurunkan ekspresi PGE2, IL-1, IL-6 maupun TNF alfa. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti pengaruh minyak ikan Lemuru (Sardinella longicep) pada apoptosis osteoblas pada tulang alveolar tikus yang diinduksi infeksi periodontal. Metode: Tiga puluh ekor tikus Wistar, jantan, umur 5 hari, dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu: kelompok I tikus diinduksi dengan salin normal, kelompok II tikus diinduksi dengan lipopolisakarida (LPS), dan kelompok III tikus dinduksi dengan minyak ikan Lemuru dan LPS. Masing-masing kelompok dibagi menjadi "> 2 sub kelompok yaitu kelompok yang akan didekapitasi pada umur 13 hari dan umur 21 hari. Minyak ikan Lemuru diberikan dengan dosis 1ml/300-350 gram. Lipopolisakarida (LPS) diinduksikan dengan tujuan untuk menyebabkan infeksi periodontal pada buccal fold regio molar rahang atas, dengan dosis 5μl LPS/0,03PBS (konsentrasi 0,02 mg). Setelah didekapitasi dan dekalsifikasi, rahang atas dipotong dengan ketebalan 5μm. Apoptosis dianalisis pada DNA dan dideteksi dengan TUNEL reaction (Transferase-mediated digoxigenin-deoxy-UTP nick end labeling). Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa apoptosis sel osteoblas secara bermakna lebih kecil pada tikus yang diinduksi dengan minyak ikan. Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minyak ikan Lemuru (Sardinella longicep) mampu menurunkan apoptosis sel osteoblas pada tikus Wistar yang diinduksi infeksi periodontal dengan LPS.
TNF- α expression on rats after Candida albicans inoculation and neem (Azadirachta indica) extract feeding I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 1 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (481.166 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v44.i1.p49-53

Abstract

Background: Neem is a known traditional medicine from trees which function as immunomodulator. Candidiasis found in mouth is 80% caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Immunity is important to limit C. albicans since medicine price is relatively traditional medicine may become a good choice. In the other side the medicine price may not be reached by the citizen, cause citizen choose the traditional medicine. Purpose: The research is aimed to explain of TNF-α expression on rats after inoculated by C. albicans and fed with neem extract (Azadirachta Indica). Methods: There were 5 groups, the first group which was called as control group (KO) hadn’t been fed aqueous extract from neem leaves and was not inoculated by C. albicans, the other group (treatment) was classified into 4 groups. The first group was inoculated by C. albicans only (KP1), second group was fed with 50 mg/day/kg body weight aqueous extracts from Neem leaves, then inoculated with C. albicans starting from day 8 until day 21 (KP2), third group was fed with 100 mg/day/kg body weight aqueous extract from Neem leaves, then inoculated with C. albicans start from day 8 until day 21 (KP3), fourth group was fed with 200 mg/day/kg body weight aqueous extract from Neem leaves, then inoculated by C. albicans start from day 8 until day 21 (KP4). The data was collected from by swabbing the rat’s tongue to calculate C. albicans colonies. The rats were acclimated and collected for immunohistochemistry measurement. Results: The study showed that there were different result on ANOVA, HSD test, and linier regression. ANOVA showed significant difference (p < 0.01) between groups. The HSD test showed significant difference (p < 0.05) between each groups. TNF-α was the stimuli sensor from environment, and used as parameter to see the effect from the change of innate immunity component to C. albicans. Conclusion: Aqueous extract from neem leaves increased the macrophage TNF-α expression on in rat in oculated with C. albicans. Latar belakang: Mimba merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang telah dikenal masyarakat dan berfungsi sebagai imunomodulator. Penyakit infeksi yang paling banyak dijumpai di rongga mulut (80%) adalah kandidiasis dengan penyebab utama Candida albicans (C. albicans). Di mana peran imunitas sangat penting pada C. albicans. Di sisi lain harga obat yang semakin mahal semakin tidak terjangkau masyarakat, menyebabkan masyarakat memilih obat tradisional. Tujuan: Riset ini untuk menjelaskan tentang ekspresi TNF-α makrofag pada tikus wistar yang diinokulasi C. albicans dan diberi konsumsi ekstrak cair daun mimba. Metode: Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok, kelompok kontrol (KO) tidak diberi perlakuan, kelompok yang diinokulasi C. albicans (KP1), kelompok yang diberi konsumsi 50 mg/hari/kg dan diinokulasi C. albicans mulai dari hari 8 sampai hari 21 (KP2), kelompok yang diberi konsumsi 100 mg/hari/kg dan diinokulasi C. albicans mulai dari hari 8 sampai hari 21 (KP3), kelompok yang diberi konsumsi 200 mg/hari/kg dan diinokulasi C. albicans mulai dari hari 8 sampai hari 21 (KP4). Data dikumpulkan dari swabbing lidah untuk dihitung koloni C. albicans dan jaringan lidah dengan metode immunohistochemistry untuk penghitungan sel makrofag yang mengekspresikan TNF-α. Hasil: Studi menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari hasil ANOVA, uji HSD, regresi linier. ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan (p < 0,01) antar kelompok. Uji HSD menunjukkan perbedaan (p < 0,05) antar kelompok. Hal ini dapat dikatakan bahwa TNF-α adalah sensor stimuli dari lingkungan, yang digunakan sebagai parameter untuk melihat pengaruh dari > perubahan dari komponen respons innate terhadap C. albicans. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak cair daun mimba dapa meningkatkan ekspresi makrofag TNF-α dari tikus yang diinokulasi C. albicans.
The effect of chitosan gel concentration on neutrophyl and macrophage in gingival ulcer of Sprague Dawley rat Tasya Adistya; Fajar Kumalasari; Anne Handrini Dewi; Mayu Winnie Rachmawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 3 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (547.819 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i3.p152-157

Abstract

Bacground: Chitosan is polysacharide that extracted from crustaceae, widely used as a wound healing agent. It accelerates the polimorphonuclear cells infitration and increase the macrophage migration. Purpose: The aims of this study was to determine the effect of chitosan gel concentration on neutrophyl and macrophage in gingival ulcer healing process of Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: Twenty subjects were divided into treatment groups, A, B and C which was given 1%, 2% and 3% chitosan gel respectively and group D as control group. The ulcer was made by applicating the 2 x 2 mm2 Whatmann number 1 filter paper which had been soaked into the 98% acetic acid for 5 minutes on the gingival surface below the interdental of the lower incisivus of the rats for 40 seconds. One drop chitosan gel was applicated on the ulcer, twice a day for three days. The subjects were sacrificed and its gingival tissue was taken for histologically processed and stained with hematoxylin eosin. Results: The one way ANOVA test showed that significant difference neutrophyl and macrophage among all of group (p<0.05). The Pearson correlation showed that there was a strong correlation (0,979) between chitosan concentration and macrophage density. Chitosan gel with 1%, 2%, and 3% concentration influenced significantly to neutrophyl and macrophage density. The higher concentration of chitosan gel the power of neutrophyl number and the higher of macrophage number. Conclusion: These result indicated that the chitosan gel influence both of neutrofil and macrophage in gingival ulcer healing process and chitosan gel 3% has a better effect than 1% and 2% concentration.Latar belakang: Kitosan, polisakarida hasil ekstraksi dari golongan krustasea, dikenal sebagai agen pemacu penyembuhan luka. Kitosan dapat memacu infiltrasi sel-sel polimorfonuklear dan mempercepat migrasi sel makrofag. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti efek gel kitosan dalam meningkatkan jumlah neutrofil dan makrofag selama proses penyembuhan luka buatan pada gingiva mulut tikus Sprague Dawley. Metode: Duapuluh subyek dibagi atas 4 grup. Grup A dioles dengan 1% gel kitosan, grup B 2% dan grup C 3%, sedangkan grup D sebagai kontrol tidak mendapatkan perlakuan apapun. Ulkus dibuat dengan cara mengaplikasikan kertas saring Whatmann nomer 1 ukuran 2 x 2 mm2 yang telah dibasahi dengan 98% asam asetat selama 5 menit dan diletakkan pada gingiva di bawah interdental gigi anterior mandibula selama 40 detik. Satu tetes gel kitosan diaplikasikan 2 kali sehari selama 3 hari. Tikus dikorbankan pada hari ketiga dan jaringan gingivanya diambil untuk dibuat preparat histologi dengan pewarnaan HE. Jumlah neutrofil dan makrofag dianalisa dengan ANOVA satu jalur. Hasil: ANOVA satu jalur menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna pada neutrofil maupun makrofag antar grup (p<0,05). Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan ada hubungan positif antara konsentrasi gel kitosan dengan jumlah makrofag. Gel kitosan dengan konsentrasi 1, 2 dan 3% secara bermakna mampu menurunkan jumlah neutrofil dan meningkatkan jumlah makrofag pada hari ke 3 dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi gel kitosan maka jumlah neutrofil semakin menurun sedangkan jumlah makrofag semakin meningkat. Hal ini membuktikan adanya sifat antimikrobial dari gel kitosan. Simpulan: Gel kitosan terbukti mampu menurunkan neutrofil dan meningkatkan makrofag pada proses penyembuhan ulkus mulut. Konsentrasi gel kitosan 3% mempunyai efek lebih baik dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi 1% dan 2%.

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