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The Effect of Amine Types on Breakthrough Separation of Methane on Biogas Masruroh, Kuni; Cahyono, Rochim Bakti; Prasetyo, Imam; Ariyanto, Teguh
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 2 (2021): May 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.33514

Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are the main components of a renewable energy source of biogas. Separation of CO2 from biogas is significantly important to improve biogas performance, due to heating value in biogas depends on the concentration of methane. One of the gas separation technologies that has been widely used in chemical industries is carbon molecular sieve (CMS). This research explores the potential of CMS for biogas purification. CMS was prepared by modification of palm kernel shell-derived porous carbon using amine groups such as monoethanolamine (MEA), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), and diethanolamine (DEA). The effect of amine types on the separation parameters was studied by using a breakthrough experiment to obtain the most potential CMS materials. The methods of this research include the process of carbon oxidation using hydrogen peroxide, impregnation with an amine group, characterization of the CMS material obtained, CO2 and CH4 gas separation testing with a breakthrough system. The CMS was characterized by using N2 sorption analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The breakthrough experiment showed that CMS-MEA had the highest performance for separating CO2 and CH4 gases. In addition, the results also showed that loading of amine groups on carbon caused an increase in the uptake capacity of CO2, and the highest capacity was achieved by CMS-MEA of 13.2 mg/g.

Thermogravimetric Analysis and Kinetic Study on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Rice Husk Pellet using Its Ash as a Low-cost In-situ Catalyst Wibowo, Wusana Agung; Cahyono, Rochim Bakti; Rochmadi, Rochmadi; Budiman, Arief
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 1 (2022): February 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.41887

The thermogravimetric behaviors and the kinetic parameters of uncatalyzed and catalyzed pyrolysis processes of a mixture of powdered raw rice husk (RRH) and its ash (RHA) in the form of pellets were determined by thermogravimetric analysis at three different heating rates, i.e., 5, 10, and 20 K/min, from 303 to 873 K. This research aimed to prove that the rice husk ash has a catalytic effect on rice husk pyrolysis. To investigate the catalytic effect of RHA, rice husk pellets (RHP) with the weight ratio of RRH:ARH of 10:2 were used as the sample. Model-free methods, namely Friedman (FR), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), were used to calculate the apparent energy of activation(EA). The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the decomposition of RHP in a nitrogen atmosphere could be divided into three stages: drying stage (303-443 K), the rapid decomposition stage (443-703 K), and the slow decomposition stage (703-873 K). The weight loss percentages of each stage for both uncatalyzed and catalyzed pyrolysis of RHP were 2.4-5.7%, 35.5-59.4%, and 2.9-12.2%, respectively. Using the FR, FWO, and KAS methods, the values of Â for the degrees of conversion (a) of 0.1 to 0.65 were in the range of 168-256 kJ/mol for the uncatalyzed pyrolysis and 97-204 kJ/mol for the catalyzed one. We found that the catalyzed pyrolysis led the Â to have values lower than those got by the uncatalyzed one. This phenomenon might prove that RHA has a catalytic effect on RHP pyrolysis by lowering the energy of activation.

Selectivity of Leaching From Kulonprogo’s Lowgrade Manganese Ore with Organic Acid : Oxalic Acid, Acetic Acid and Citric Acid Rima Dewi Anggraeni; Agus Prasetya; Rochim Bakti Cahyono
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2018: PROSIDING SNTKK 2018
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS AND DESIGN PROJECTION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN BALIKPAPAN Ubet Khoirudin; Muslikhin Hidayat; Rochim Bakti Cahyono
ASEAN Journal of Systems Engineering Vol 5, No 2 (2021): ASEAN Journal of Systems Engineering
Publisher : Master in Systems Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Waste generation in Balikpapan from 2016 to 2020 continues to increase by 443 to 482 tons per day. One of the efforts of DLH Balikpapan is to optimize the MRF and ITF facilities, as well as to analyze how much these facilities are needed to reduce waste generation at final disposal sites (Landfill) Manggar and enhance the durability of the landfill. The approach utilized in this study employs direct observation methods, such as data collection results on the amount of waste input and output, and secondary data, such as geometric methods and all data on waste generation in Balikpapan. The calculation of the feasibility and effectiveness analysis of the MRF inorganic waste processing facility using the recovery factor approach obtained 60.3%, while the ITF organic waste processing got a result of 45.7%.With the current condition, Manggar Landfill can be used until the end of 2025, Manggar Landfill can be used until the end of 2025. By optimizing garbage processing in these two facilities, the MRF has expanded the service coverage to 3 urban villages and has a projected age of up to 2033. It will be optimized for ITF processing facilities by utilizing process biogas. The primary objective of this research is to determine how many additional processing sites are needed starting with household waste sources thus, the calculation findings show that an additional six units of MRF facilities and ten units of ITF facilities are required. As a result, with the addition of inorganic and organic waste processing sites, Manggar's Landfill estimated age is extended until 2028.

Pengaruh Kadar Air Umpan dan Rasio C/N pada Produksi Biogas dari Sampah Organik Pasar Zuliyana; Sang Kompiang Wirawan; Wiratni Budhijanto; Rochim Bakti Cahyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 9, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Nowadays, Indonesia is facing serious problem related to the rapid generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and dependence on fossil energy. Converting organic content of MSW into biogas through biological process by mean of anaerobic digester is one of promising proposals to solve the MSW problem. In order to optimize biogas production, this research studies the effect of Total Solid (TS) content and ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) within organic fraction of MSW as raw material for biogas production. The organic fraction of MSW consists of vegetables and fruits waste which originated from traditional market. The experiments using various TS concentrations (10%, 15% and 20%) were conducted in batch reactors. The results showed that TS content of MSW raw material had significant effects on the total volume and CH4 concentration of biogas production. High water content in MSW raw material enhanced the hydrolysis of organic fraction as well as avoided the excessive Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) concentration which posed the risk of inhibition on the anaerobic process. Based on the results, the TS concentration of 10-15% in the organic MSW would offer an optimum yield of biogas production. In order to examine the effect of C/N ratio, the organic MSW was modified using ZA fertilizer (36, 30, 20 and 10 C/N ratios). The C/N ratios of 20-30 produced high amount biogas and CH4 concentration compared to others. The C/N ratio should be maintained at the optimum value to prevent the accumulation of free ammonia which could cause problems in the anaerobic process. Based on the results, the biogas production from organic MSW would yield the optimum biogas amount and CH4 concentration when the TS concentration and C/N ratio were 10-15% and 20-30, respectively. This outcome would give recommendation on the water addition to the raw organic fraction of MSW and C/N modification when converting the organic fraction of MSW to biogas. Keywords: biogas, C/N ratio, municipal solid waste, total solid. Permasalahan sampah dan ketergantungan akan energi fosil mendorong pemanfaatan sampah organik menjadi biogas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi Total Solid (TS) dan rasio C/N dari sampah kota sebagai bahan baku produksi biogas. Sampah kota berupa sayuran dan buah yang merupakan fraksi organik yang diperoleh dari pasar tradisional dan selanjutnya produksi biogas dilakukan dalam reaktor batch. Konsentrasi TS bahan baku divariasikan menjadi tiga variasi nilai TS yaitu 20%, 15% dan 10%. Konsentrasi TS pada bahan baku digester berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap jumlah akumulatif biogas yang dihasilkan dan kadar CH4. Diperlukan air dengan jumlah yang optimum untuk mempercepat proses hidrolisis sekaligus mencegah konsentrasi Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) terlalu tinggi yang beresiko inhibitor dalam sistem anaerob. Pada penelitian ini, untuk jenis sampah sayur/buah, nilai TS yang relatif baik adalah antara 10-15%. Modifikasi nilai rasio karbon terhadap nitrogen (C/N) dilakukan pada bahan baku dengan kadar TS optimum dimana nilai rasio C/N dimodifikasi menjadi 36 (rasio C/N orisinal TS optimum), 30, 20 dan 10. C/N ratio yang lebih rendah daripada nilai orisinalnya dicapai dengan penambahan pupuk ZA. Dalam penelitian ini, rasio C/N antara 20-30 memberikan hasil yang relatif paling baik dibandingkan nilai rasio C/N yang lain. Perlu dijaga agar nilai rasio C/N tidak terlalu rendah yang menyebabkan kinerja sistem anaerob justru lebih buruk. karena akumulasi ammonia bebas yang justru merupakan inhibitor. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, produksi biogas dari sampah buah dan sayur menunjukkan hasil yang optimum saat kisaran konsentrasi TS 10-15% dan rasio C/N 20-30. Hal ini memberikan rekomendasi jumlah penambahan air dan perlu tidaknya koreksi rasio C/N pada umpan bahan baku saat operasi skala industri. Kata kunci: biogas, rasio C/N, sampah kota, total solid.

Karakteristik Bio-Briket Berbahan Baku Batu Bara dan Batang/Ampas Tebu terhadap Kualitas dan Laju Pembakaran Nurhalim Nurhalim; Rochim Bakti Cahyono; Muslikhin Hidayat
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Indonesia has a very large fossil fuel source such as coal. In Indonesia, almost all power plants and industries use coal as solid fuel. Burning coal produces fly ash, bottom ash, poisonous gas and unused coal residue. The coal waste is commonly found in mining operations, abandoned mining areas, laboratories and power plants. This problem could be solved by producing bio-briquette using the coal waste. In this study, laboratory scale pyrolysis and non pyrolysis methods were used to produce bio-briquette using the coal waste with measurement of proximate analysis and burning rate. Pyrolysis was carried out at constant temperature of 400 oC for 2 hours. The total weight of briquette sample as much as 99.87 g was burnt at 400 oC with sufficient air space in the furnace. The waste coal was mixed with biomass bagasse and sugar cane stems before the briquetting process. The composition of the briquette material was 50 g of coal waste, 30 g of sugar cane biomass, and 10 g of bagasse. To form the briquette, tapioca was used as adhesive in addition to 5 g of clay with 50 mesh of size and application of 50 kg/cm2 pressure. The result of proximate analysis and combustion of the non-pyrolysis bio-briquette showed that non-pyrolysis bio-briquette contained 4.17 % of moisture content, 18.39% of fly ash, 25.56% of ash content, 5157.87 cal/g of calorific value. The mass of of pyrolysis bio-briquette (50 g) decreased to 30 g during 30 minutes, the compulsion reached maximum speed on 1.93 g/s and the smoke disappeared on the 24th minute The pyrolysis process on coal waste decreased the smoke and the addition of biomass increased the calorific value of bio-coal briquette.ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki sumber energi fosil yang sangat besar seperti batu bara. Hampir seluruh pembangkit listrik dan industri di Indonesia menggunakan bahan baku batu bara. Batu bara memiliki limbah berupa flying ash, bottom ash, gas beracun dan sisa batu bara yang tidak terpakai. Limbah batu bara tidak terpakai banyak terdapat di pertambangan yang masih beroperasi, sisa lahan pertambangan, laboratorium, pembangkit listrik, sehingga perlu penanganan yang tepat seperti pembuatan briket bio-batu bara. Pada pembuatan briket bio-batu bara ini, batu bara diproses menggunakan metode pirolisis dan tanpa pirolisis dengan uji skala laboratorium seperti uji proksimat dan laju pembakaran. Proses pirolisis menggunakan suhu 400 oC selama 2 jam dan karbonisasi biomassa tanpa menggunakan parameter suhu dan waktu. Berat sampel briket sebesar 99,87 g dibakar pada suhu pembakaran 400 oC dengan menggunakan udara ruang didalam furnace. Sebelum proses pembriketan, batu bara yang telah mengalami proses pirolisis dan tanpa pirolisis dicampur dengan limbah biomassa ampas dan batang tebu. Variabel penelitian menggunakan 50 g limbah batu bara, 30 g biomassa batang tebu dan 10 g ampas tebu. Briket bio-batu bara menggunakan perekat tepung kanji dan tanah liat dengan berat masing–masing 5 g. Sedangkan untuk tingkat kelembutan setiap bahan briket adalah 50 mesh dengan kuat tekan 50 kg/cm2. Hasil analisis proksimat briket bio-batu bara PP (50 g) mengandung kadar air sebesar 4,17%, zat terbang 18,39%, kadar abu 25,56%, nilai kalori sebesar 5157,87 kal/g. Briket bio-batu bara PP (50 g) mengalami penurunan massa sebanyak 30 g selama 30 menit, laju pembakaran mencapai kecepatan maksimum 1,93 g/s dan asap hilang pada menit ke-24. Batu bara dengan proses pirolisis dapat menurunkan asap dan penambahan biomassa dapat menaikkan nilai kalori briket bio-batu bara.

Kajian Dampak Lingkungan pada Sistem Produksi Listrik dari Limbah Buah Menggunakan Life Cycle Assessment Fajar Marendra; Anggun Rahmada; Agus Prasetya; Rochim Bakti Cahyono; Teguh Ariyanto
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

A B S T R A C TProducing biogas by anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising process that can simultaneously provide renewable energy and dispose solid waste safely. However, this process could affect environment e.g. due to greenhouse gas emissions. By life cycle assessment (LCA), we assessed the environmental impact (EI) of an integrated fruit waste-based biogas system and its subsystems of Biogas Power Plant Gamping. Data were collected from an actual plant in Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia that adopted a wet AD process at mesophilic condition. The results showed that the global warming potential (GWP) emission of the system reached 81.95 kgCO2-eq/t, and the acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), human toxicity potential (HTPinf) and fresh water ecotoxicity (FAETPinf) emissions were low. The EI was mainly generated by two subsystems, namely, the electricity generation and the digestate storage. A comparison analysis showed that the GWP become the main contributor of environmental loads produced by Biogas Plant Gamping, Suazhou Biogas Model, Opatokun Biogas Model, Opatokun Pyrolisis Model, dan Opatokun Integrated System Anaerobic Digestion and Pyrolisis. The GWP impact control and reduction could significantly reduce the EI of the system. It has been shown that improving the technology of the process, the electricity generation and the digestate storage will result in the reduction of EI of the biogas system.Keywords: environmental impact; fruit waste; life cycle assessment (LCA); renewable energyA B S T R A KProduksi listrik dari biogas dengan anaerobic digestion (AD) merupakan proses yang menjanjikan karena dapat menghasilkan energi listrik dan penanganan limbah padat dengan aman. Namun, proses ini mempengaruhi lingkungan akibat emisi gas rumah kaca. Penilaian dampak lingkungan (environmental impact atau EI) sistem biogas berbasis limbah terpadu dan subsistemnya terhadap Biogas Power Plant Gamping (BPG) dilakukan dengan metode life cycle assesement atau LCA. Data dikumpulkan dari plant yang sebenarnya di Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia yang mengadopsi proses AD basah pada kondisi mesofilik. Potensi pemanasan global (global warming potential atau GWP) dari sistem mencapai 81,95 kgCO2-eq/t, sedangkan potensi keasaman (acidification potential atau AP), potensi eutrofikasi (eutrophication potential atau EP), potensi toksisitas manusia (human toxicity potential atau HTPinf) dan ekotoksisitas air (fresh water ecotoxicity atau FAETPinf) potensi emisinya cukup rendah. Potensi EI terutama dihasilkan oleh dua subsistem, yaitu, pembangkit listrik dan penyimpanan digestate. Analisis perbandingan menunjukkan bahwa dampak GWP menjadi kontributor utama dari beban lingkungan yang dihasilkan oleh Biogas Plant Gamping, biogas model Suazhou, biogas model Opatokun, model pirolisis Opatokun, serta model integrasi AD dan pirolisis Opatokun. Pengendalian dan pengurangan dampak GWP secara signifikan dapat mengurangi EI dari sistem. Telah terbukti bahwa peningkatkan teknologi proses, pembangkit listrik dan penyimpanan digestate akan menghasilkan pengurangan EI dari sistem biogas.Kata kunci: dampak lingkungan; energi terbarukan; life cycle assessment (LCA); limbah buah

THE KINETIC STUDY OF METHYLENE BLUE ADSORPTION USING THE RED FRUIT WASTE BIOCHAR Yuni Rosita; Ahmad Tawfiequrrahman Yuliansyah; Rochim Bakti Cahyono
Konversi Vol 11, No 1 (2022): APRIL 2022
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i1.12338

Methylene blue is one of the dyes often used in the textile industry. This dye is toxic which causes environmental pollution and health problems for humans and animals. In this research, adsorption of methylene blue dye was carried out by using an adsorbent in the form of red fruit waste biochar in concentration variations (50, 100, and 150 ppm) and contact times (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 minutes). The kinetics review modeling was based on the pseudo first order and pseudo second order to determine the adsorption capacity of methylene blue with red fruit waste biochar. The adsorption equation was evaluated using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The results showed that the most suitable adsorption equilibrium model followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with an equilibrium constant (K) is 0.0510 and the maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) is 0.0048 mg/g. The kinetics model of the methylene blue adsorption reaction based on the pseudo second order with the value of k is 0.6973 min-1 and a relation coefficient value of R2 = 1.

Pengaruh Kadar Air Umpan dan Rasio C/N pada Produksi Biogas dari Sampah Organik Pasar Zuliyana; Sang Kompiang Wirawan; Wiratni Budhijanto; Rochim Bakti Cahyono
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 9, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.24526

Nowadays, Indonesia is facing serious problem related to the rapid generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and dependence on fossil energy. Converting organic content of MSW into biogas through biological process by mean of anaerobic digester is one of promising proposals to solve the MSW problem. In order to optimize biogas production, this research studies the effect of Total Solid (TS) content and ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) within organic fraction of MSW as raw material for biogas production. The organic fraction of MSW consists of vegetables and fruits waste which originated from traditional market. The experiments using various TS concentrations (10%, 15% and 20%) were conducted in batch reactors. The results showed that TS content of MSW raw material had significant effects on the total volume and CH4 concentration of biogas production. High water content in MSW raw material enhanced the hydrolysis of organic fraction as well as avoided the excessive Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) concentration which posed the risk of inhibition on the anaerobic process. Based on the results, the TS concentration of 10-15% in the organic MSW would offer an optimum yield of biogas production. In order to examine the effect of C/N ratio, the organic MSW was modified using ZA fertilizer (36, 30, 20 and 10 C/N ratios). The C/N ratios of 20-30 produced high amount biogas and CH4 concentration compared to others. The C/N ratio should be maintained at the optimum value to prevent the accumulation of free ammonia which could cause problems in the anaerobic process. Based on the results, the biogas production from organic MSW would yield the optimum biogas amount and CH4 concentration when the TS concentration and C/N ratio were 10-15% and 20-30, respectively. This outcome would give recommendation on the water addition to the raw organic fraction of MSW and C/N modification when converting the organic fraction of MSW to biogas. Keywords: biogas, C/N ratio, municipal solid waste, total solid. Permasalahan sampah dan ketergantungan akan energi fosil mendorong pemanfaatan sampah organik menjadi biogas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi Total Solid (TS) dan rasio C/N dari sampah kota sebagai bahan baku produksi biogas. Sampah kota berupa sayuran dan buah yang merupakan fraksi organik yang diperoleh dari pasar tradisional dan selanjutnya produksi biogas dilakukan dalam reaktor batch. Konsentrasi TS bahan baku divariasikan menjadi tiga variasi nilai TS yaitu 20%, 15% dan 10%. Konsentrasi TS pada bahan baku digester berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap jumlah akumulatif biogas yang dihasilkan dan kadar CH4. Diperlukan air dengan jumlah yang optimum untuk mempercepat proses hidrolisis sekaligus mencegah konsentrasi Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) terlalu tinggi yang beresiko inhibitor dalam sistem anaerob. Pada penelitian ini, untuk jenis sampah sayur/buah, nilai TS yang relatif baik adalah antara 10-15%. Modifikasi nilai rasio karbon terhadap nitrogen (C/N) dilakukan pada bahan baku dengan kadar TS optimum dimana nilai rasio C/N dimodifikasi menjadi 36 (rasio C/N orisinal TS optimum), 30, 20 dan 10. C/N ratio yang lebih rendah daripada nilai orisinalnya dicapai dengan penambahan pupuk ZA. Dalam penelitian ini, rasio C/N antara 20-30 memberikan hasil yang relatif paling baik dibandingkan nilai rasio C/N yang lain. Perlu dijaga agar nilai rasio C/N tidak terlalu rendah yang menyebabkan kinerja sistem anaerob justru lebih buruk. karena akumulasi ammonia bebas yang justru merupakan inhibitor. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, produksi biogas dari sampah buah dan sayur menunjukkan hasil yang optimum saat kisaran konsentrasi TS 10-15% dan rasio C/N 20-30. Hal ini memberikan rekomendasi jumlah penambahan air dan perlu tidaknya koreksi rasio C/N pada umpan bahan baku saat operasi skala industri. Kata kunci: biogas, rasio C/N, sampah kota, total solid.

Karakteristik Bio-Briket Berbahan Baku Batu Bara dan Batang/Ampas Tebu terhadap Kualitas dan Laju Pembakaran Nurhalim Nurhalim; Rochim Bakti Cahyono; Muslikhin Hidayat
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.35278

Indonesia has a very large fossil fuel source such as coal. In Indonesia, almost all power plants and industries use coal as solid fuel. Burning coal produces fly ash, bottom ash, poisonous gas and unused coal residue. The coal waste is commonly found in mining operations, abandoned mining areas, laboratories and power plants. This problem could be solved by producing bio-briquette using the coal waste. In this study, laboratory scale pyrolysis and non pyrolysis methods were used to produce bio-briquette using the coal waste with measurement of proximate analysis and burning rate. Pyrolysis was carried out at constant temperature of 400 oC for 2 hours. The total weight of briquette sample as much as 99.87 g was burnt at 400 oC with sufficient air space in the furnace. The waste coal was mixed with biomass bagasse and sugar cane stems before the briquetting process. The composition of the briquette material was 50 g of coal waste, 30 g of sugar cane biomass, and 10 g of bagasse. To form the briquette, tapioca was used as adhesive in addition to 5 g of clay with 50 mesh of size and application of 50 kg/cm2 pressure. The result of proximate analysis and combustion of the non-pyrolysis bio-briquette showed that non-pyrolysis bio-briquette contained 4.17 % of moisture content, 18.39% of fly ash, 25.56% of ash content, 5157.87 cal/g of calorific value. The mass of of pyrolysis bio-briquette (50 g) decreased to 30 g during 30 minutes, the compulsion reached maximum speed on 1.93 g/s and the smoke disappeared on the 24th minute The pyrolysis process on coal waste decreased the smoke and the addition of biomass increased the calorific value of bio-coal briquette.ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki sumber energi fosil yang sangat besar seperti batu bara. Hampir seluruh pembangkit listrik dan industri di Indonesia menggunakan bahan baku batu bara. Batu bara memiliki limbah berupa flying ash, bottom ash, gas beracun dan sisa batu bara yang tidak terpakai. Limbah batu bara tidak terpakai banyak terdapat di pertambangan yang masih beroperasi, sisa lahan pertambangan, laboratorium, pembangkit listrik, sehingga perlu penanganan yang tepat seperti pembuatan briket bio-batu bara. Pada pembuatan briket bio-batu bara ini, batu bara diproses menggunakan metode pirolisis dan tanpa pirolisis dengan uji skala laboratorium seperti uji proksimat dan laju pembakaran. Proses pirolisis menggunakan suhu 400 oC selama 2 jam dan karbonisasi biomassa tanpa menggunakan parameter suhu dan waktu. Berat sampel briket sebesar 99,87 g dibakar pada suhu pembakaran 400 oC dengan menggunakan udara ruang didalam furnace. Sebelum proses pembriketan, batu bara yang telah mengalami proses pirolisis dan tanpa pirolisis dicampur dengan limbah biomassa ampas dan batang tebu. Variabel penelitian menggunakan 50 g limbah batu bara, 30 g biomassa batang tebu dan 10 g ampas tebu. Briket bio-batu bara menggunakan perekat tepung kanji dan tanah liat dengan berat masing–masing 5 g. Sedangkan untuk tingkat kelembutan setiap bahan briket adalah 50 mesh dengan kuat tekan 50 kg/cm2. Hasil analisis proksimat briket bio-batu bara PP (50 g) mengandung kadar air sebesar 4,17%, zat terbang 18,39%, kadar abu 25,56%, nilai kalori sebesar 5157,87 kal/g. Briket bio-batu bara PP (50 g) mengalami penurunan massa sebanyak 30 g selama 30 menit, laju pembakaran mencapai kecepatan maksimum 1,93 g/s dan asap hilang pada menit ke-24. Batu bara dengan proses pirolisis dapat menurunkan asap dan penambahan biomassa dapat menaikkan nilai kalori briket bio-batu bara.

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