Utami, Diah Tri
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KAJIAN DISTRIBUSI KECEPATAN ALIRAN DIPERCEPAT PADA SALURAN TERBUKA LURUS Utami, Diah Tri; Dermawan, Very; Sumiadi, Sumiadi
Jurnal Mahasiswa Jurusan Teknik Pengairan Vol 2, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Pengairan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK: Pada aliran tidak seragam pembagian distribusi kecepatan aliranya tidak merata pada setiap section atau titik pengamatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada saluran terbuka lurus dengan dasar tetap (fix bed), saluran terbuat dari acrylic dengan panjang 900 cm dan lebar 7,6 cm dan tinggi 25 cm. Kemiringan dasar saluran menggunakan sistem terjunan (adverse slope) dengan kemiringan -0,0171 agar tercipata aliran dipercepat dengan beda tingi muka air yang signifikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 variasi debit yaitu Q1 3,95 lt/dt, Q2 2,38 lt/dt, dan Q3 1,12 lt/dt. Pengamatan kecepatan dilakukan pada 5 section pengukuran dengan jarak 10cm dari ujung terjunan, 20 cm, 50 cm, 50 cm, 50 cm menuju ke hulu saluran. Dari hasil pengamatan dan pengukuran aliran pada saluran adalah aliran subkritis dengan nilai Fr<1 sehingga pengukuran dilakukan dari hilir ke hulu. Pada pengukuran ketinggian muka air diketahui bahwa ketinggian muka air semkin berkurang dari hulu menuju ke hilir, dan dari pengukuran kecepatan dengan menggunakan tabung pitot menunjukan peningkatan kecepatan dari hulu ke hilir saluran. Pengukuran kecepatan aliran secara teoritis dihitung dengan menggunakan metode Logaritmik dan Von karman. Hasil perhitungan kecepatan secara teoritis mendekati hasil pengukuran kecepatan dengan menggunakan tabung pitot pada daerah inner region dan semakin menjauh pada daerah outer region pada semua section pengukuran. Kecepatan geser dasar dihitug dengan menggunakan metode Clauser, dan didapatkan nilai tegangan geser dasar yang semakin ke hilir nilainya semakin besar. Kata Kunci: Distribusi kecepatan, aliran dipercepat, aliran tidak seragam, saluran terbuka ABSTACT: Velocity distribution in non-uniform flow is not evenly distributed in each point of observation. This study was conducted on a straight open channel with a fixed bed, made of acrylic with a length of 900 cm, width of 7.6 cm and a height of 25 cm. The channel bed is made with a drop structure (adverse slope) with a slope of -0.0171 so that the flow rate is accelerated with a significant difference in water level. This study uses 3 variations of discharge, such as Q1 3.95 l/s, Q2 2.38 l/s, and Q3 1.12 l/s. Velocity ​observation was carried out on 5 sections of measurement with a distance of 10cm from the end of drop structure, 20 cm, 50 cm, 50 cm, 50 cm towards the upstream channel. From the results of observations and measurements, the flow on the channel is subcritical flow with a value of Fr <1 so that measurements were done from downstream to upstream. On water level measurements it is known that the water level may decrease from upstream to downstream, and from velocity measurements using pitot tubes shows an increase in speed from upstream to downstream of the channel. The measurement of flow velocity is theoretically calculated using the Logarithmic and Von Karman methods. The results of velocity calculations theoretically approach the results of velocity measurements by using pitot tubes in the inner region and getting farther away in the outer region in all measurement sections. The bed shear velocity was calculated using the Clauser method, and the value of the bed shear stress was getting higher as the flow reached the downstream. Keywords: velocity distribution, accelerated flow, non-uniform flow, open-channel
Development of Ethanolic Extract of Pinang Masak Jambi (Areca Catechu L.) as A Modulator of Doxorubicin Cytotoxic Effect in Breast Cancer Therapy Fitrianingsih, Fitrianingsih; Maharini, Indri; Utami, Diah Tri
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Doxorubicin is one of the chemotherapy agents that is often used in breast cancer therapy. Phenomenon of breast cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy agents has been traced to the molecular level. The development of compounds that can overcome drug resistance chemotherapy needs to be continuously developed, especially agents with specific molecular targets, namely P-glycoprotein (Pgp), NFkB, cyclin, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). Another alternative is the combination of chemotherapy agents with chemopreventive agents (co-chemotherapy) to reduce side effects and increase sensitivity of cancer cells. Doxorubicin is often used in breast cancer therapy. This study was performed to determine the effect of ethanolic extract of Pinang Masak Jambi (Areca catechu L.) (EEPMJ) and doxorubicin combination on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cytotoxic assay of EEPMJ and doxorubicin, alone, or in combination, was done using MTT test method to determine the IC50 and CI (Combination Index) values. The results indicated that EEPMJ and doxorubicin had IC50 values of 75.1 µg/ml and 22 µg/ml, respectively. Based on CI values, all combination concentration showed varying CI values. The concentration of 1/8 IC50 of EEPMJ with 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 IC50 of doxorubicin showed a strong synergistic effect (CI 0.1 - 0.3), with the inhibition of cell viability up to 67.39%. This synergistic effect occurs because EEPMJ potentially could increases the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin.