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Pengaruh Kegiatan Industri terhadap Spasial dan Sosial Ekonomi di Desa Tumbang Marikoi, Kec. Damang Batu, Kab. Gunung Mas Tari Budayanti Usop; Doddy Aditya Iskandar
RUANG: Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan (SPACE: Journal of the Built Environment) Vol 7 No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1022.215 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JRS.2020.v07.i01.p09

Abstract

Explorative development produces various impacts that endanger the environment and human life. The impact occurred disturbed the awareness of the world community to be more sensitive and wise in their environmental management. Tumbang Marikoi village is one of the villages in Damang Batu sub-district, Gunung Mas regency. The condition of the village is in the upstream Kahayan river basin. The development of modernization and industrialization has led to changes in land use; the conversion of forest, bush, and swampland to oil palm plantations, and exploitation of gold mining land. This circumstance leads to the socio-economic changes in livelihoods and education levels, while aspects of environmental pollution occur in the river, air, and soil water. The purpose of this study is to examine the aspects of resilience and space in ecological principles due to the transformation that result from unsustainable development, so that the need for revitalization of living space values in Tumbang Marikoi Village, Damang Batu sub-district, Gunung Mas regency. A phenomenological qualitative research approach was employed in this research. Data collection used interviews and observations in the field. The results showed that spatial transformation affected the cultural life arrangements of the Dayak people, the occurrence of vulnerability towards the changes of where previously the forest was an “economic niche”, management, and the life cycle in the forest as a concept of resilience. Can Dayak people find and develop their cultural identity? Keywords: rural spatial; Dayak; resilience; identity Abstrak Pembangunan yang eksploratif menghasilkan berbagai dampak yang membahayakan lingkungan, dan kehidupan manusia. Dampak yang terjadi mengusik kesadaran masyarakat dunia untuk lebih peka, arif, bijak dalam tata kelola lingkungannya. Desa Tumbang Marikoi salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Damang Batu, Kabupaten Gunung Mas, kondisi desa berada di daerah aliran Sungai Kahayan hulu. Adanya perkembangan modernisasi dan industrialisasi memberikan perubahan pada penggunaan lahan, yaitu adanya konversi lahan hutan, semak, dan rawa menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit, dan eksploitasi lahan tambang emas. Kemudian secara sosial ekonomi perubahan mata pencaharian dan tingkat pendidikan, sedangkan aspek pencemaran lingkungan terjadinya pencemaran air sungai, udara, dan tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji aspek kebertahanan (resilience) dan ruang dalam prinsip ekologi akibat transformasi yang terjadi sebagai dampak dari pembangunan yang tidak berkelanjutan, sehingga perlunya revitalisasi nilai-nilai ruang hidup di Desa Tumbang Marikoi Kecamatan Damang Batu Kabupaten Gunung Mas. Pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara serta pengamatan di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: transformasi ruang berpengaruh terhadap tata kehidupan budaya masyarakat Dayak, terjadinya kerentanan terhadap perubahan dimana sebelumnya hutan adalah “ceruk ekonomi”, manajemen, dan siklus hidup di hutan sebagai konsep ketahanan. Mampukah masyarakat Dayak menemukan dan mengembangkan jati diri budayanya? Kata kunci: tata ruang desa; Dayak; kebertahanan; jati diri
Disempowering Traditional Spatial Arrangement of Dayak Community: A Case Study of Tumbang Marikoi Village, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Tari Budayanti Usop; Sudaryono Sudaryono; M. Sani Roychansyah
Forest and Society Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): APRIL
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v6i1.13472

Abstract

The rapid industrialization in the last decades significantly changed the traditional spatial arrangement in Central Kalimantan Island. The indigenous community’s traditional forest lands management and ownership were transferred to oil palm plantations and mining corporations. Therefore, it disempowered the traditional spatial arrangement by changing the community’s living conditions and transforming their livelihood sources from primary (forests) to secondary and tertiary. The disempowered traditional spatial arrangement of the Tumbang Marikoi village community includes a living area with rivers, forests, and dwellings. They access the forest through the village Kahayan Hulu and the Marikoi River. There is no power grid in Marikoi Village, making them depend on a solar-powered energy generation facility for their daily activities, including gardening, gathering forest products, hunting, mining gold, and fishing. This study applied the phenomenological method to explain the traditional spatial disempowerment in Marikoi Village, Central Kalimantan, following corporate plantation powers and mining activities. The results indicated that the palm plantations affected the Dayak community's living space and daily life. Furthermore, the ownership and management of their customary land, enhancing their economic, social, cultural, and religious life, was transferred to large plantations. As a result, the community’s traditional spatial arrangement was disempowered through river silting from soil drilling, cloudy river water, flooding, distant land for income (selling honey, vegetables, rattan, herbal medicine, and other forest wealth), farming restrictions by clearing land and losing sacred areas and ancestral rituals.
A Bornean Longhouse in Kahayan and Kapuas River Basin: The Process of Metamorphosis Architecture Tari Budayanti Usop; T. Yoyok Wahyu Subroto; Sudaryono Sudaryono; Muhammad Sany Roychansyah
International Journal of Disabilities and Social Inclusion Vol. 1 No. 01 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Pedulidisabilitas Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (854.06 KB) | DOI: 10.3333/ijodasi.v1i1.6

Abstract

This paper analyzes the process of changing living space in the Dayak tribes in Central Kalimantan, which is a complex phenomenon. The process of spatial discussion in Dayak settlements is useful in the planning and design process relating to housing and settlements, among others concerning environmental aspects, relocation, resettlement, urban renewal, and preserving local wisdom. This research is trying to develop the concept of change in living space that starts from a Dayak community value at the level of transition by using local material as a reference. The Dayak tribes in Central Kalimantan as the object of this study, specifically those in the large and small watersheds of Central Kalimantan as a reference, and field research as a research method. Asking research questions that arise is like asking whether the spatial discussion process is carried out on Dayak tribes in Central Kalimantan. The steps undertaken to answer the research questions are: first, finding the initial process of the Dayak concept of settling; second, to find the concept of changing space from non-permanent (nomadic) to semi-permanent (settled) and settlement. The results of this study contributed to the development of a revised architectural methamorphosis theory, such as questioning the settlement process of the evolving of Dayak tribes.
Peran Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Dayak dalam Mengembangkan Batik Benang Bintik di Kalimantan Tengah linggua sanjaya usop; Tari Budayanti Usop
Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya Vol 36 No 3 (2021): September
Publisher : Institut Seni Indonesia Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31091/mudra.v36i3.1502

Abstract

Kegiatan yang menghasilkan nilai filosofi tinggi pada batik masih belum maksimal oleh masyarakat pembuatnya yakni para perajin batik. Fenomena minimnya pengetahuan tentang jenis, motif, dan pakem penggunaanya oleh pengusaha batik lokal dalam pembuatan batik benang bintik di sentra-sentra batik merupakan masalah yang harus dipecahkan dari berbagai latar belakang, di antaranya secara sosial dan budaya. Solusi dan alternatif pemecahan masalah dengan menggunakan konsep kearifan lokal yang diterapkan kembali oleh para perajin batik di kalimantan tengah. Rumusan masalah penelitian antara lain: 1) apa faktor yang menyebabkan minimnya pengetahuan tentang pembuatan dan fungsi batik tradisi di kalimantan tengah?, 2) apa peran kearifan lokal masyarakat Dayak di kalimantan tengah untuk melestarikan batik benang bintik?, dan 3) bagaimana cara penerapan kearifan lokal masyarakat Dayak di kalimantan tengah?. Metode etnografi dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini. Teori kebudayaan superorganik dari Melville J. Herkovits dipergunakan untuk menemukan korelasi antara peran kearifan lokal dengan pelestarian batik benang bintik. Teknik pengambilan data yakni wawancara mendalam pada para perajin batik di kalimantan tengah, tokoh, dan pakar batik sebagai data primer; serta studi pustaka referensif sebagai data sekunder. Pendekatan antropologis dipergunakan sebagai instrumen analisis berdasarkan realitas sosial dan budaya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa peran kearifan lokal masyarakat Dayak dalam mengembangkan dan melestarikan batik benang bintik di Kalimantan Tengah dapat berjalan efektif melalui dukungan pendidikan pranata sosial seperti keluarga dan universitas secara intensif.