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Lilian Andries
Universitas Sam Ratulangi

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GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TENTANG HIV/AIDS DI PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN ANAK ID – 127 KELURAHAN RANOMUT MANADO Soselisa, Stella M.; Palandeng, Henry M. F.; Andries, Lilian
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 4, No 3 (2012): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM Suplemen
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.4.3.2012.1204

Abstract

Abstract: AIDS is a collection of symptoms and infections that arise due to the disturbance of the body defence system. There were 24,482 AIDS cases recorded up to the end of March 2011 in 33 provinces in Indonesia. Data from the North Sulawesi Health Department showed that from 1997 until the end of 2010 the distribution of HIV/AIDS continued to increase. This study aimed to find out the understanding about HIV/AIDS in teenagers at the Children’s Development Center ID-127 in Ranomut District, Manado. This was a descriptive study conducted by using a survey method. There were 65 samples of teenagers. The results showed that the teenagers’ understanding about HIV/AIDS was still poor. Their answers about the cause of HIV/AIDS were 27.7% correct; about  the media of infection, 23% correct; about the signs and symptoms, 15.3% correct; about the prevention of HIV/AIDS, 75.3% correct; about the stigma of HIV/AIDS, 63% correct; about using the same utensils, 33.9% correct; and about living in the same house, 49.1% correct. Conclusion: Among the teenagers at the Children’s Development Center ID-127 in Ranomut District, Manado there was poor knowledge about the causes of HIV/AIDS, media of infection, and signs and symptoms; there was good knowledge about prevention of HIV/AIDS; as well as good knowledge about the stigma of HIV/AIDS; but poor knowledge about using the same utensils and living in the same house with HIV/AIDS patients. Keywords: knowledge, teenagers, children development center, HIV/AIDS.   Abstrak: AIDS adalah sekumpulan gejala dan infeksi (sindrom) yang timbul karena terganggunya sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. Hingga akhir Maret 2011 tercatat 24.482 kasus di 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Data Dinas Kesehatan Sulawesi Utara (Dinkes Sulut) sejak tahun 1997 sampai akhir 2010 memperlihatkan distribusi penderita HIV/AIDS terus mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan mengenai HIV/AIDS dari remaja di Pusat Pengembangan Anak ID-127 kelurahan Ranomut Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan dilakukan melalui survei. Jumlah sampel yang diperoleh ialah 65 remaja. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pemahaman tentang HIV/AIDS dari para remaja masih kurang. Pengetahuan remaja tentang penyebab HIV/AIDS yang benar 27,7%; tentang media penularan HIV/AIDS yang benar 23%; tentang gejala-gejala HIV/AIDS yang benar 15,3%; dan tentang pencegahan HIV/AIDS yang benar 75,3%. Simpulan: Pada remaja di PPA ID-127 Kelurahan Ranomut Manado, pengetahuan tentang AIDS: masih kurang, mengenai penyebab HIV/AIDS, media penularan, dan gejala-gejala; baik, mengenai pencegahan HIV/AIDS; baik, mengenai stigma HIV/AIDS, dalam hal ini yaitu berjabat tangan dengan pengidap tidak dapat tertular; dan kurang, mengenai tidak dapat tertular bila memakai peralatan yang sama dengan pengidap dan tinggal serumah dengan pengidap. Kata kunci: pengetahuan, remaja, pusat pengembangan anak, HIV/AIDS.
TRADITIONAL TREATMENT OF UNCOMPLICATED CASES OF FALCIPARUM MALARIA WITH PIPER BETLE (TRADITIONAL MEDICATION), AS OPPOSED TO TREATMENT WITH CHLOROQUINE Andries, Lilian; Wangko, Sunny; Lampus, Benedictus S.
Jurnal Biomedik : JBM Vol 2, No 1 (2010): JURNAL BIOMEDIK : JBM
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/jbm.2.1.2010.838

Abstract

Abstrak: Di Indonesia, penyakit malaria masih merupakan masalah kesehatan, malahan pada akhir tahun 2004 dan awal tahun 2005 terjadi KLB (Kejadian Luar Biasa) dengan beberapa kematian di beberapa daerah di Indonesia, termasuk Propinsi Sulawesi Utara. Terdapat berbagai kendala dalam penggunaan obat malaria seperti resistensi parasit malaria, obat baru yang mahal, serta belum tersedianya vaksin yang sesuai. Pengobatan dengan ramuan sirih (Piper betle, Linn.), daun mayana (Coleus Arthopurpureus), kuning telur, madu, dan wiski lokal “cap tikus” telah digunakan secara turun temurun olpengobatan tradisional, eh pengobat tradisional asal Propinsi Sulawesi Utara. Dilakukan Active Case Detection (ACD) dan uji efektifitas mengikuti kajian uji klinik. Efektifitas ramuan sirih dibandingkan dengan klorokuin dalam menghilangkan parasit malaria darah tepi. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 70 kasus yang positif parasit malaria falsiparum berusia 10-60 tahun dimana 35 kasus diberi perlakuan dengan ramuan sirih dan 35 kasus lainnya obat klorokuin (dosis standar WHO). Hasil ACD didapatkan prevalensi sebesar 8% (0-23,4%) pada 22 kelurahan. Ramuan ini efektif menghilangkan parasit malaria sebesar 91,4% pada akhir minggu pertama, sedangkan klorokuin 88,6%. Pada akhir minggu ke-4 didapatkan 3 kasus yang diberikan klorokuin masih tetap positif terhadap parasit malaria, sedangkan dengan ramuan sirih semuanya negatif. Analisis dengan tes logrank (Kaplan-Meier) tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna. Kata kunci: obat tradisional, piper betle, klorokuin, parasit malaria.   Abstract: Malaria is still a health problem in Indonesia. Even at the end of 2004 and the beginning of 2005, outbreaks took place in some areas of Indonesia, including the province of North Sulawesi. There are several obstacles to the use of malaria drugs including resistance of the parasite, unaffordable new drugs, and no available vaccines. Traditional malaria treatment which was a mixture of piper betle (Piper betle, Linn.), mayana leaves (Coleus arthopurpure-us), egg yolk, honey, and local whiskey “cap tikus” has been used for generations by traditional healers in North Sulawesi. The study was designed to ascertain the efficacy of the traditional treatment compared to that of chloroquine to eliminate parasitemia. Seventy cases of uncomplicated falciparum malaria found through active case detection were given either the traditional treatment or chloroquine. The traditional treatment was effective in 91.4% of cases, compared to 88.6% in the cases of chloroquine, in eliminating parasitemia by the end of the first week. By the end of the fourth week, all cases given the traditional treatment were negative of para-sitemia, while three cases given chloroquine were still positive. Analysis using the logrank test (Kaplan-Meier) showed no significant difference between piper betle extract and chloroquine. Keywords: traditional medicine, piper betle, chloroquine, malaria parasite.