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EFFECT OF GLUCOSE AND FRUCTOSE ON PRODUCTION POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES BY Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 AS BATCH FERMENTATION Aznury, Martha
KINETIKA Vol 4, No 2 (2013): KINETIKA 01072013
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Polyhydroxyalknoate (PHA) is a bioplastic from the group of polyester with physicochemical properties similar to polypropylene plastic from petroleum. This research aims to study the effect of glucose and fructose on PHA fermentation process performed by using Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 in a batch bioreactor. Dynamics of PHA production from carbon sources glucose or fructose, as well as the influence of volatile fatty acids as a prekursor were studied in this research. Fermentation operating condition using bioreactor 10 L maintained at a temperature of 30oC and pH of 7. The concentration of carbon source used was 40 g/L, and after 20th hours of fermentation added volatile fatty acids (VFAs) that serves as a prekursor in the production of PHA. Aerobic fermentation of Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 with the substrate glucose and fructose using synthetic VFAs produce PHA content of each were 0.21 and 0.33 g PHA/g dry cell weight (DCW). The percentage composition PHA of glucose or fructose with synthetic ALV are 8.71% or 11.78% HV, respectively. So Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 fermentation using fructose substrate provides a higher PHA content than using glucose substrate.

COMPARATION OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COUMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER Hasan, Abu; Aznury, Martha; Purnamasari, Indah; Zaman, Muhammad; Junaidi, Robert; Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

COMPARISON OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER. Many researchers have studied the effect of modified clay as filler on rubber compounds for both natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Various chemicals are used as clay modifiers. In the rubber milling process, modified clay is directly used as filler after pretreatment with clay modifier. However, clay modifiers can also be milled together with original clay during the rubber mastication and milling process. Thus both of these methods certainly produce different physical properties, so the comparison of the two rubber milling processes is the focus of this research. The analysis of the curing characteristics and physical properties of vulcanized natural rubber was carried out with a rheometer and physical properties test units. Thermal analysis was carried out using TG/DTA and dispersion of filler on the rubber compound was analyzed by SEM. The results of the curing characteristic of the rubber compound and the physical properties of vulcanization showed that there was an effect due to the comparison of the rubber milling process. Modified clay using JH-S69 is better than JH-S69 milled with original clay and vice versa occurs in PEG 4000 which is used as clay modifier. PEG 4000 which is milled together with original clay produces curing characteristic and physical properties of vulcanization better than pretreatment of clay to be modified clay. This analysis is in line with the analysis using SEM.

PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN DIGESTER ANAEROBIK MODIFIKASI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PENGADUKAN Aznury, Martha
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): KINETIKA 01112018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Biogas produced from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) can provide several benefits for the environment, such as can reduce environmental pollution and produce new energy sources. The purpose of this research was to determine the ratio of methane was producedfrom batch and fed bacth processes, and to determine the optimal agitation speed for biogas formation from POME as the main ingredient and cow dung as starter. This research used ratio 50:50 of POME:starter and variations of agitation speed are 95 rpm and 100 rpm.Biogas was formed will be taken on days 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th. The highest yield of biogas by fed batch system was on day 16th with 100 rpm agitation speed produced methane of 9,67%. While the lowest result was on day 4th at 95 rpm agitation speed with 0%. For batch system, thehighest yield of biogas was produced on day 16th at 100 rpm with 7,927%. And the lowest yield was on day 4th at 95 rpm agitation speed with 0,93%. From this reserach, it can be concluded that fed batch system can produce higher methane from the result of the anaerobic fermentation process of POME than batch system. In addition, a higher agitation speed will also produce higher amount of methane

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT VACUUM DRYING DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN TEPUNG MORINGA OLEIFERA LAMK Aznury, Martha
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): KINETIKA 01112019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Moringa oleifera lamk are trees with a height of up to 12m with a diameter of 30cm. The wood is a type of soft wood and has a low quality. And has many benefits, one of which is food, health, beauty and the environment.The working principle of this spinner type dryer is the material in the form of Moringa leaves frozen first using the freezer and then put into the dryer and dispatched the time that has been adjusted together with the hot air blower so that the drying process can take place quickly, after dispensing the Moringa leaves vacuum by using a vacuum pump to remove the water contained in the material so that the leaves of moringa are completely dry, the process continues until the leaves are completely dry and ready to be made flour, The variations carried out during the drying process take place are temperature and drying time so that it is known what water content and final weight of the Moringa leaf after drying. Vacuum drying appliance has been designed with the specification tool dimensions namely: 0.0020258m2 sectional area of the intake air, the rotation speed of 750rpm, power needed for 154watt, length 220mm V-belts V-belts with a speed of 3.925m/s. Produce Moringa leaf powder with a moisture content of 15% with the quality of green products (Moringa leaves), the fineness of the flour in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard quality of the flour (80mesh sieve), and the content of protein content is high at 28.84%.

VARIASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI LIMBAH KULIT BUAH-BUAHAN MENGGUNAKAN RAGI Saccaromyces Cerevisiae Nurjanah, Rizki; Aznury, Martha
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): KINETIKA 01072020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Bioethanol is ethanol made from plants that contain starch, sugar and other cellulosic plants. The general methods used are hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods. This review aims to compare the results of several studies on the manufacture of bioethanol from various raw materials and the treatment of variations in fermentation pH, type of yeast, and fermentation time. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the first largest yield of bioethanol is found in a study conducted by Gebregergs et al. (2016) showing that bioethanol yield from banana peels of 45.088% ethanol is obtained at an acid concentration of 1.50% v/v. retention time 21.66 minutes. Then the second largest result was found in research according to Demiray et al. (2018) producing a percent ethanol of 44.9% v/v Â± 55.58 g/L from pomegranate peel raw material. In a study according to Octria et al. (2019), from raw materials of pineapple peel, a percent yield of bioethanol was 30.15% w/w using hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods through the enzyme Saccaromyces cerevisiae.

PRODUK GEL HAND SANITIZER BERBAHAN DASAR EKSTRAK CAIR DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle Linn.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK Aznury, Martha; ., Sofiah; Sari, Rezki Prima
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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The rise of epidemics caused by microorganisms such as SARS, bird flu, HIV and COVID-19 has made people use products that contain antiseptics such as soap and hand sanitizers. However, in general, the basic ingredient for making antiseptics comes from alcohol. If you use it continuously, it will dissolve the layer of fat and sebum on the skin so that the skin becomes sensitive, dry and irritated. Antiseptic product development can be done with natural ingredients such as utilizing green betel leaf extract (Piper betle Linn.). It is known that green betel leaf (Piper betle Linn.) Has long been used in traditional medicine and can be a natural antiseptic ingredient for the manufacture of hand sanitizer gel. This study aims to determine the effect of green betel leaf on the antiseptic power in hand sanitizer gel preparations. The materials used in this study were carbomer 940, triethanolamine (TEA), glycerin, sodium metabisulfate, aquadest, and green betel leaf extract obtained from the soybean extraction process. The research was conducted by varying the betel leaf extract 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%. The test was carried out by including organoleptic observations (shape, color, smell), homogeneity, preference test, pH, density, viscosity, dispersibility, and bacterial test.

OPTIMASI FORMULA PEMBUATAN SABUN PADAT ANTISEPTIK ALAMI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle L) Aznury, Martha; Hajar, ibnu; Serlina, Ayu
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Green betel leaf (Piper betle L) is a natural antiseptic with phenol (carvacrol) and phenylpropane (eugenol and kavikol) which functions as an antiseptic (very strong bactericide and fungicide). phenol which is a toxic compound resulting in disrupted three-dimensional protein structure causing damage to the bacterial cell wall. So that soap containing natural antiseptic from betel leaf can kill bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of green betel leaf and to obtain the best formulation of natural antiseptic solid soap with the addition of green betel leaf extract. The composition of the oils used in making solid soap is palm oil, coconut oil and olive oil. Tests carried out on solid soap include pH test, water content test, free fatty acid content, free alkaline content, and mineral oil based on SNI 06-3532-1994 as well as testing for many bacteria. Based on the analysis, it is known that the soap formula with the best oil composition variations is the composition of palm oil, coconut oil and olive oil with a ratio of 1: 2: 2 and the addition of green betel leaf extract as a natural antiseptic is 3gr.

KINETIKA REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI METIL ESTER DENGAN KATALIS CaO/ ABU TERBANG BATUBARA Fiyansah, Toni Okta; Fadarina; Aznury, Martha
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): KINETIKA 01112021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Catalyst CaO from snakehead fishbone with supported by fly ash has advantages for the transesterification reaction process, which include active heterogeneous base properties, low solubility, good mechanical strength, and reusability. This study aims to determine the best catalyst that has the optimum impregnation time and mass of CaO in terms of the transesterification reaction of palm oil into methyl esters. The study includes: prediction of the mechanism according to the experimental data, through the effect of impregnation time and the added mass of CaO on changes in the reaction rate that occur, and the formulation of the final equation for the optimum reaction rate of the catalyst. Prediction of the mechanism that occurs follows the Eley-Rideal mechanism, where the reactant adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst is methanol and reacts with triglycerides (palm oil) to produce methyl esters and glycerol. The results of the study indicate that the greater the impregnation temperature and the added mass of CaO, the greater the rate value. The results showed that the optimum catalyst had an impregnation temperature of 80ÂºC and a mass of CaO 100 grams, with a reaction time of 120 minutes to produce a yield of 98.55%, and a reaction rate of 4.44Ã—10-6 mol/gramcat.

DEGRADASI ZAT WARNA RHODAMIN B MENGGUNAKAN SINTESIS FOTOKATALIS ZnO/NiFe2O4 DAN DIAPLIKASIKAN PADA Mawarni, Tri; H.C, Fadarina; Aznury, Martha; Taufik, Muhammad
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): KINETIKA 01112021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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ZnO/NiFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method and were calcied at 500 0C for 5 h. The Composites synthesis within ratios of zinc oxide to nickel ferrite of 1:0,1, 2:0,1 and 3:0,1. The adsorption and photocatalytic activity of The removal of ZnO/NiFe2O4 were systematically investigated using Rhodamine B and waste water pulp and paper indsutry solution as a model contaminant. Rhodamine B (10 mg/L) and waste water pulp and paper indsutry solution by ZnO/NiFe2O4 (2:0.1) after 2 h reached 98,71% under LED lamp and 91,85% under solar light irradiation for Rh, and after 3 h reached 28,03% under LED lamp for lignin . â€¢OH and h+ play important roles in the decolorization of RhB solution by NiFe2O4/ZnO under simulated LED lamp and solar light irradiation. The adsorption kinetics pattern under conditions of LED lamp and sunlight follows first order kinetic adsorptions.

PENGARUH AGITASI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI PADA PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI PATI SINGKONG KARET (Manihot glaziovii) ., Yuniar; Aznury, Martha; Resky, Resky
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Rubber Cassava (Manihot glaziovii) is a tuber that is not a food ingredient because it contains the chemical element cyanide (HCN) which is toxic. The starch content in sweet potatoes reaches 98.5%. This study aims to determine the effect of agitation and fermentation time on the levels of biethanol using a 3 liter fermentor substrate used is cassava rubber (Manihot glaziovii). The process of making starch by cutting and peeling rubber cassava and then washing it with clean water after that shredded it with grated while adding water after grating the cassava pulp porridge at a temperature of 600C so as to get the starch. The dried cassava rubber starch was sieved to obtain a more homogeneous starch particle size. Furthermore, the hydrolysis process involves mixing 800 grams of cassava rubber starch with 2 liters of distilled water. In the fermentation process variation of stirring speed and time of fermentation. The results showed that The best stirring speed in this research is 300 rpm and the best fermentation time is 48 hours with bioethanol levels obtained at 10%.

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