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Robert Junaidi
Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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PERVAPORATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ABSOLUTE ETHANOL PRODUCTION (ETHANOL FUEL GRADE) Aswan, Arizal; Yuliati, Selastia; Junaidi, Robert
KINETIKA Vol 3, No 3 (2012): KINETIKA 01112012
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Membrane pervaporation of ethanol vapor is a purification process based on grade with a purity level is high enough, so that the resulting product is called fuel grade ethanol. Fuel grade the process of increasing ethanol used as a fuel alternative. In this study the ethanol content is done by pervaporation technology method that utilizes a cellulose nitrate membrane separation media. Studies have been conducted on the effect of pressure on the value of the permeate flux and membrane selectivity in pervaporation process. Results showed that operating conditions at a temperature of 100 - 140oC, linear flow rate of 2.5 m3/ h, the variation of permeate side pressure of 500 mbar, 550 mbar, 600 mbar, 650 mbar and 700 mbar produces flux and selectivity values are declining. Optimum conditions reached at permeate side pressure is 700 mbar with the flux values 3.4673 x 10-5 Kg/m2.h and selectivity 0.1257. In these conditions the produce fuel grade ethanol yield reached 99.48%. Ethanol is converted into fuel feed grade reaches ± 99%, with a total volume of 193 ml of the feed volume 200 ml.
USING OF STRAW ASH AS ADDITIVE MATERIAL CEMENT Junaidi, Robert; S.T.,M.T., Zulkarnain; Santoso, Heru
KINETIKA Vol 3, No 3 (2012): KINETIKA 01112012
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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In this research, Portland cement type 1 made by using raw material clinker and gypsum from production unit in cement plant and also with adding straw ash from the combustion of straw rice plant, the adding of straw ash performed on a particular composition which is 0%, 5%, 8%, 12% and 15%. The purpose of the research is to know the effect of adding straw ash opposite the quality of Portland cement type 1 and to know about the best composition of adding straw ash to get Portland cement type 1 according with SNI-15-2049-2004. The benefits of the research are to reduce the level of environmental pollution and to increase the value of straw rice plant. Portland cement type 1 that has been created will be done some analysis to determine the quality of the cement, such as cement chemical composition analysis using X-Ray spectrometer, determination of free lime, determination of lost on ignition, determination of Blaine and determination of compressive strength mortar. So hoping the Portland cement type 1 that has been created is according SNI 15-2049-2009.  The result of the research show that the all of adding straw ash is got cement with compressive strength, free lime disposal, loss on ignition disposal, and Blaine of cement according with SNI 15-2049-2009 with the maximum adding of the straw ash is 15 % where at this adding straw ash is got compressive strength equal 476 Kg/cm2, free lime equal 1, 01 %, loss on ignition equal 2, 78 %, and Blaine equal 6125 cm2/gr.
COMPARATION OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COUMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER Hasan, Abu; Aznury, Martha; Purnamasari, Indah; Zaman, Muhammad; Junaidi, Robert; Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (706.906 KB) | DOI: 10.17146/jsmi.2020.21.2.5797

Abstract

COMPARISON OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER. Many researchers have studied the effect of modified clay as filler on rubber compounds for both natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Various chemicals are used as clay modifiers. In the rubber milling process, modified clay is directly used as filler after pretreatment with clay modifier. However, clay modifiers can also be milled together with original clay during the rubber mastication and milling process. Thus both of these methods certainly produce different physical properties, so the comparison of the two rubber milling processes is the focus of this research. The analysis of the curing characteristics and physical properties of vulcanized natural rubber was carried out with a rheometer and physical properties test units. Thermal analysis was carried out using TG/DTA and dispersion of filler on the rubber compound was analyzed by SEM. The results of the curing characteristic of the rubber compound and the physical properties of vulcanization showed that there was an effect due to the comparison of the rubber milling process. Modified clay using JH-S69 is better than JH-S69 milled with original clay and vice versa occurs in PEG 4000 which is used as clay modifier. PEG 4000 which is milled together with original clay produces curing characteristic and physical properties of vulcanization better than pretreatment of clay to be modified clay. This analysis is in line with the analysis using SEM.
MODIFIKASI FURNACE MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM VAKUM (PERBANDINGAN KONDISI VAKUM DAN TANPA VAKUM DITINJAU DARI HASIL KLINKER) Junaidi, Robert
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): KINETIKA 01112018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Furnace is a device used to heat a material and change its shape or change its properties due to heat treatment of the material. Modification of the 1200oC furnace design with a vacuum system was performed using a khantal heating element with a thermocouple type K and refractory material type SK-34 which has a resistance at 1300oC. The vacuum system is designed to use a vacuum pump as a vacuum in the heating chamber and use glasswool as a heat damper from the air to be dived. The performance test of the tool in terms of the clinker chemical content formed by variation of the composition of the addition of high limestone ranging from 5–40% with a 5% increase of the total raw mix. The clinker formation process was carried out on vacuum conditions and without vacuum at temperature 1200oC for 2 hours. From each clinker formed, the levels of each chemical content are C2S, C3S, C3A and C4AF using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results of the clinker chemical content produced in vacuum conditions differed from those produced in conditions without vacuum
RANCANG BANGUN TRAY DRYER SISTEM HYBRID (SURYA-HEATER) UNTUK PENGERINGAN IKAN ASIN Yuliati, Selastia; Kalsum, Leila; Junaidi, Robert; HC, Fadarina; Azizah, Roro Rizqi Ramadhani; Utami, Winda Andea; Ningrum, Galuh Martiyah
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): KINETIKA 01072020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Drying process on salted fish is one of the factors that determine the quality of the products produced. Conventional drying has many weaknesses, namely fluctuating heat, poor hygiene and requires a large enough space and can affect product quality. One of alternatives in drying salted fish is using a hybrid system tray dryer with a solar energy source with additional electrical energy (heater). This study aimed to design a tray dryer with hybrid system (solar-heater), obtained the performanced of the dryer based on drying rate, heat transfer and heat efficiency of the hybrid system tray dryer (solar-heater), and obtained salted fish that met the water content standards based on SNI No. 01-2721- 2009. The treatments varied were drying time of 60 minutes, 120 minutes, 180 minutes, 240 minutes and 300 minutes and the variations of drying temperature of 60oC, 70oC and 80oC. The results showed that the optimum drying conditions were drying using temperature of 70oC with a drying time of 300 minutes, a moisture content of 31.2%, a drying rate of 0.1492 kg/hour m2, a conduction heat transfer rate is 52.01 J, a convection heat transfer rate is 71.15 J, a radiation heat transfer rate is 0.048 J and heat efficiency of 53.28%.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT FERMENTOR PUPUK CAIR (PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SAYURAN DAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) MENJADI PUPUK CAIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN AKTIVATOR EM-4) Junaidi, Robert; ., Anerasari; Harwanda, Muhammad Sabdian; Sulistyawati, Novia Ayu
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): KINETIKA 01072020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The potential for utilizing vegetable waste and water hyacinth to become organic liquid fertilizer is very good to develop, so can reduce dependence on the use of inorganic fertilizers. This liquid organic fertilizer also has the advantage to improving land quality, although the nutrient content of organic matter is generally lower than chemical fertilizers. However, organic matter in liquid fertilizers chemically increases soil buffering capacity against changes in pH, increases cation exchange capacity, decreases P excitation and acts as a reservoir for secondary and micro elements. In supporting the increase in liquid fertilizer production capacity, the manufacture of liquid fertilizer fermenter is a solution for this problem, where the liquid fertilizer fermenter is designed to have sufficient capacity for the pilot plan scale, which is 20 kg of raw material. The liquid fertilizer fermenter is designed to have temperature control that functions to maintain the optimal conditions for the fermentation process that takes place in decomposing organic raw materials into liquid fertilizer. In addition, there is also a biogas tube which functions to accommodate the methane and CO2 gas produced during the fermentation process, and a strainer which functions to separate liquid fertilizer from the remaining fermentation cellulose fibers. To determine the reliability of the fermenter tool that has been made, a lab for making liquid fertilizer was carried out by varying the addition of the activator EM-4 with variations of 100 ml, 150 ml, and 200 ml. The results showed that the addition of EM-4 activator with variations of 150 ml and 200 ml had met the SNI 2803: 2010 standards related to the NPK content of organic fertilizers. The test results on these variations were nitrogen elements of 0.4% and 0.45%, phosphorus elements were 0.18% and 0.19%, and potassium elements were 0.20% and 0.22%. From these results it can be concluded that the fermenter can be used to produce liquid fertilizer properly.
ISSN: 1693-9050 E-ISSN: 2623-1417 https://jurnal.polsri.ac.id/index.php/kimia/index 55 PROTOTIPE BATERAI BERBASIS KARBON AKTIF DARI BAMBU BETUNG (TINJAUAN PENGARUH KARBON AKTIF DAN ELEKTROLIT DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA BATERAI) Pahlevi, Muhammad Agmerio; Junaidi, Robert; HC, Fadarina
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): KINETIKA 01032020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Battery is a storage technology electrical energy used for laptops, digital cameras, and cell phones, which are examples of applications that use battery performance. Battery performance involves the transfer of electrons which are conductive. Electron transfer become from the negative electrode (anode) to the positive electrode (cathode), resulting in an electric current and a potential difference. In general the battery system can be classified into two types, that are primary battery system and the secondary battery system. In this research, we use bamboo betung (Dendrocalamus asper) as activated carbon with electrolytes NaCL and NaOH. First, Bamboo Betung which will be carbonized at 500 oC for 2 hours in this furnace is intended to get the best pore for SEM analysis and to increase porosity, the largest measurement result of activated carbon pores is 11.42 μm with 12% KOH activation. Then, the activation was carried out with 1 M KOH with a concentration of 10-12%, then the electrolytes selected were NaOH and 1 M NaCl as much as 5-15 ml. Measurement of voltage and current obtained the smallest power obtained in the measurement of activated carbon 10% KOH with 5 ml NaCL electrolyte of 7.5036 mWatt. The greatest power was obtained in the measurement of activated carbon activated by 12% KOH with 15 ml NaOH electrolyte 103.0336 mWatt.
PEMBUATAN KATALIS BERBASIS KARBON AKTIF DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA (Cocos nucifera) DIIMPREGNASI KOH PADA REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI SINTESIS BIODIESEL Zamhari, Mustain; Junaidi, Robert; Rachmatika, Nisa; Oktarina, Ayu
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021): KINETIKA 01032021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The Research has been carried out on KOH catalyst/activated carbon as a heterogeneous base catalyst with the impregnation method to be applied in making biodiesel from used cooking oil. Activated carbon from coconut shell carbonized in a furnace at 500oC for 4 hours. After that, activated carbon was impregnated in a KOH solution with a concentration of 1 N, 2N, 3 N, 4 N, and 5 N for 18,21 and 24 hours. Catalyst is analyzed with AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) to see the content of potassium absorbed in the activated carbon. Analyzed SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) to see the characteristics of the catalyst that has been produced. Best condition which produced the catalyst with the highest potassium content after impregnation is 97.00% was obtained at a concentration of 5 N KOH with an impregnation time of 21 hours. Making biodiesel, variations of catalyst 1,3, and 5% are carried out with a reaction temperature of 45,55,65,75oC,cooking oil:methanol ratio of 1:6. The best biodiesel is obtained from a catalyst 3% at 55oC with a yield of 87.72%. Characteriszation of methyl ester product fulfill standart of biodiesel viscosity 4.7622 gr/ml, denistas 0.8709 gr/ml, acid number 1.4027 mgKOH/g, water content 0.0266%, flash point 176oC.
TINJAUAN SISTEM PENGERING SILIKA GEL BERBASIS ABU SEKAM PADI MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM VAKUM TRAY DRYER TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN DAYA SERAP Arisqi, Muhamad Muammar; Junaidi, Robert; Fadarina
KINETIKA Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): KINETIKA 01112021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Rice husks are waste from the agricultural industry. Usually this rice husk waste is burned and thrown away without any further processing so that it can pollute the environment. To reduce waste from rice husk ash, in this study rice husk ash will be used as an adsorbent in increasing the adsorbent capacity of silica gel. Rice Husk Ash contains 97.3% Silica. The high silica content of Rice Husk Ash has the potential to be used as a material for making silica-based materials such as silica gel. The large amount of silica (SiO2) contained in rice husk ash makes rice husk ash potential as a raw material for making silica gel. Rice husk ash as adsorbent can also absorb dye from woven fabric waste which is directly disposed of into receiving waters. In this research phase, starting from the extraction process of rice husk ash with 2M KOH at a temperature of 110 oC for 2 hours. Furthermore, it will be lightened in a desiccator and filtered to get a filtrate in the form of Na2SiO3. The filtrate will be mixed with H2SO4 solution until the pH is at a value of 7 and dry it in an oven with a variation of 4, 5 and 6 hours at a temperature of 120 oC. To see the silica gel content using Gravimetry, while to analyze the absorption of dyes in woven fabric waste using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry.
DESIGN OF KEMPLANG CRACKERS DRYER USING TRAY DRYER BY UTILIZING BIOMASS ENERGY Sari, Della Yusfita; Zamhari, Mustain; Junaidi, Robert
Jurnal Neutrino:Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 14, No 1 (2021): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/neu.v14i1.13210

Abstract

The drying process on kemplang crackers is one of the factors that determine the quality of the resulting product. Conventional drying has many disadvantages, namely fluctuating heat and poor hygiene that will affect product quality. So that kemplang crackers can be stored for a long time, it is necessary to reduce the water content of kemplang crackers. Drying kemplang crackers can use a drying rack with a biomass energy source from coconut shells. This study aims to design a tray dryer with biomass energy to obtain dryer performance based on the drying rate and to obtain a product that meets SNI No. 8272-2016. The treatments that were varied were set point temperatures of 55oC, 60oC, 65oC, and 70oC with mass variations of 50 gr, 100 gr, and 150 gr. The results showed that the optimum drying conditions at 70oC for 4 hours with an air velocity of 5.2 m/s2 obtained 9,84% moisture content in 50 gr kemplang crackers, 15.39% in 100 gr crackers and 19,2 in kemplang crackers 150 gr and a drying rate of 0,035028 kg/hour m2. The drying process requires 5,24 kg of dried coconut shell to produce heat energy of 95.358,81024 KJ with a by-product in the form of liquid smoke.
Co-Authors ., Anerasari Abu Hasan Arisqi, Muhamad Muammar Arizal Aswan Azizah, Roro Rizqi Ramadhani Fadarina Harwanda, Muhammad Sabdian HC, Fadarina Heru Santoso Indah Purnamasari Kalsum, Leila Martha Aznury Mustain Zamhari Ningrum, Galuh Martiyah Oktarina, Ayu Pahlevi, Muhammad Agmerio Rachmatika, Nisa Rahmaniar Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar Sari, Della Yusfita Selastia Yuliati Sulistyawati, Novia Ayu Utami, Winda Andea Zaman, Muhammad Zulkarnain S.T.,M.T.