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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)
Sheng Yee Wan
HELP University
Health Professions

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Anxiety and depression among university students during the lockdown: their protective and risk factors Kususanto Ditto Prihadi; Sheng Yee Wan; Valerie Yen Yee Lee; Hairul Nizam Ismail
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 11, No 1: March 2022
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v11i1.21245

Abstract

Anxiety and depression among university students were reported to be increased during the outbreak of CoVid-19. Various studies indicated that the phenomenon was triggered by the sudden enforcement of the studying-from-home (SFH) policy. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the students’ online learning efficacy (OLE) predicted the upsurge of the two mental health issues. However, SFH also elevated the students’ inclination towards social media (SM), and it brought further changes in some socio-psychological factors. We recruited 435 university students to respond to demographic items and the scales to measure factors such as perceived social support (PSS), societal mattering, and fear of missing out (FOMO) to test the hypothesis that OLE would no longer be a significant predictor of anxiety and depression when all the aforementioned variables are controlled for. The results of the hierarchical regression analyses supported our hypothesis on anxiety, while in predicting depression, OLE was still significant after controlling for the rest of the predictors. Societal mattering was the strongest protective factor against depression, whereas FOMO was the strongest risk factor of anxiety. Implications, limitations, and suggestions are discussed.
Resilience during the Lockdown: Insignificance of Perceived Social Support Sheng Yee Wan; Cherilyn Nicole Rhui Yen Yeo; Shi Qi Foo; Kususanto Ditto Prihadi
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 11, No 4: December 2022
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v11i4.21924

Abstract

Pre-pandemic studies had established that human resilience is mainly based on the social feedback that enables the formation of one’s perceived social support. In the Malaysian context, the enforcement of the movement control order (MCO) amidst the pandemic altered the social interaction pattern. The shift had involved more dependence on online communication (i.e., social media). Therefore, the way perceived social support (PSS) plays its role in predicting resilience could have been affected. Due to the reason mentioned above and the reports that Malaysians tend to increase their levels of spirituality during the MCO, we hypothesized that the sense of being empowered fully mediates the contribution of PSS on resilience while moderated by the levels of spirituality. Four hundred and five adults who reside in Malaysia during the MCO 2 were recruited to respond to scales of perceived social support, spirituality, empowerment, and resilience through the online survey. Our results suggested that the sense of empowerment significantly and fully mediated the relationship between PSS and resilience among individuals with low and moderate levels of spirituality. Scope, limitations, implications, and suggestions were also discussed at the end of this paper.
Students’ societal mattering as a protective factor against depression and suicidal thoughts Sheng Yee Wan; Kususanto Ditto Prihadi; Prakrisno Satrio
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 11, No 3: September 2022
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v11i3.21490

Abstract

Suicide ideation or suicidal thought has been reported to be one of the major mental wellbeing issues among university students following the increase of the depressive symptoms. The implication of social distancing in the form of lockdown did not help to reduce the aforementioned cases. While we know that reducing depressive symptoms among university students might be almost impossible to be done without any drastic change to the educational system, we would like to investigate whether the sense of mattering to the university might moderate the development of suicide ideation when the students have developed depressive symptoms. We recruited 435 university students and had they voluntarily responded to the Beck’s depression inventory, satisfaction with life scale, societal mattering scale, and the suicidal ideation attributes scale. The data was analyzed by bias-free bootstrap analysis with 5,000 samplings and 95% confidence interval in PROCESS Macro model 59 and model 1, and the results reported that high university mattering levels might moderate the link between depression symptoms and suicide ideation through life satisfaction. In other words, in the situation where the students were locked-down, the chance of develop depression and the idea to end their own life tend to be higher. However, the more they believe that they matter to their university as a society, the less they will develop depression symptoms and the suicide ideation.
Co-Authors Cherilyn Nicole Rhui Yen Yeo Hairul Nizam Ismail Kususanto Ditto Prihadi Prakrisno Satrio Shi Qi Foo Valerie Yen Yee Lee